立式四对轮新型旋压机结构设计及优化分析
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摘要
对轮旋压机对于超大型薄壁筒形件的柔性制造具有重要意义。开展了立式对轮新型旋压机的结构设计,采用Solidworks软件对各部件和整体结构进行有限元仿真,并进行结构设计优化。结果表明,该设备中各部件结构的最大位移量均小于0. 15 mm,最大等效应力远低于所用材料的屈服强度,设备可以在给定载荷下安全工作。此外,机床框架增设加强筋,可以有效提高结构刚度和设备精度。在此基础上,最终制造出径向承载60 k N和轴向承载150 k N的立式四对轮新型旋压机,并成功地进行了铝合金筒形件的对轮旋压工艺实验。
The counter-roller spinning machine is of great significance for the flexible manufacturing of ultra-large thin-wall cylindrical workpieces. Therefore,the structure design of vertical counter-roller spinning machine was conducted,and the structures of each component and the whole machine were simulated by software Solidworks. Then,their structures were optimized. The results show that the maximum displacement of each component is smaller than 0. 15 mm,and the maximum equivalent stress is much lower than the yield strength of selected materials. Therefore,the machine can safely work under the given load. In addition,the stiffeners are added to the spinning machine frame to improve the structure stiffness and machine precision. Finally,a new vertical counter-roller spinning machine with four pairs of rollers were manufactured which could carry 60 k N in the radial direction and 150 k N in the axial direction,and the counter-roller spinning experiment of aluminium alloy cylindrical workpiece was conducted successfully.
The counter-roller spinning machine is of great significance for the flexible manufacturing of ultra-large thin-wall cylindrical workpieces. Therefore,the structure design of vertical counter-roller spinning machine was conducted,and the structures of each component and the whole machine were simulated by software Solidworks. Then,their structures were optimized. The results show that the maximum displacement of each component is smaller than 0. 15 mm,and the maximum equivalent stress is much lower than the yield strength of selected materials. Therefore,the machine can safely work under the given load. In addition,the stiffeners are added to the spinning machine frame to improve the structure stiffness and machine precision. Finally,a new vertical counter-roller spinning machine with four pairs of rollers were manufactured which could carry 60 k N in the radial direction and 150 k N in the axial direction,and the counter-roller spinning experiment of aluminium alloy cylindrical workpiece was conducted successfully.
引文
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[15] Solidworks. Solidworks Simulation高级教程[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2009.Solidworks. Advanced Tutorials of Solidworks Simulation[M].Beijing:China Machine Press,2009.
[2] Xiao G F,Xia Q X,Chen X Q,et al. Metal flow model of cylindrical parts by counter-roller spinning[J]. Procedia Engineering,2014,81:2397-2402.
[3] Zhu C C,Zhao S D,Li S P,et al. Comparison of mandrel and counter-roller spinning methods for manufacturing large sheaves[J]. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2018,https://doi. org/10. 1007/s00170-018-2707-1.
[4] Luo W,Chen L F,Xu B B,et al. Study on compound spinning technology of large thin-walled parts with ring inner ribs and curvilinear generatrix[J]. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2018,98(5-8):1199-1216.
[5] Ma F,Yang H,Zhan M. Plastic deformation behaviors and their application in power spinning process of conical parts with transverse inner rib[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2010,210(1):180-189.
[6]杨明辉,梁佰祥,夏琴香,等.旋压技术分类及应用[J].机电工程技术,2004,33(11):14-16.Yang M H,Liang B X,Xia Q X,et al. Classification and application of spinning technology[J]. Mechanical&Electrical Engineering Technology,2004,33(11):14-16.
[7] Wong C C,Dean T A,Lin J. A review of spinning,shear forming and flow forming processes[J]. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture,2003,43(14):1419-1435.
[8] Music O,Allwood J,Kawai K. A review of the mechanics of metal spinning[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2010,210(1):3-23.
[9]赵小凯,徐文臣,陈宇,等. TA15钛合金筒-锥复合曲母线构件旋压成形工艺研究[J].材料科学与工艺,2016,24(4):10-17.Zhao X K,Xu W C,Chen Y,et al. Study on the spinning process of cylinder-conical composite curved generatrix workpiece of TA15titanium alloy[J]. Materials Science and Technology,2016,24(4):10-17.
[10]马世成,王东坡,汪宇羿,等.超长筒形件旋压成形设备研制[J].精密成形工程,2017,9(1):114-118.Ma S C,Wang D P,Wang Y Y,et al. Spinning forming equipment development of super-long tubes[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering,2017,9(1):114-118.
[11]李增辉,韩冬,张立武,等.大型薄壁圆筒旋压成形技术介绍[A].第十二届全国旋压技术交流年会暨旋压学术委员会成立三十周年庆祝大会论文集[C].长春,2011.Li Z H,Han D,Zhang L W,et al. Introduction of spinning technology for large-scale thin-walled cylinder[A]. Proceedings of the12th national spinning technology exchange annual meeting and the30th anniversary celebration meeting of the establishment of spinning academic committee[C]. Changchun,2011.
[12]肖作义.对轮旋压工艺[J].新技术新工艺,2000,(6):23-24.Xiao Z Y. The opposite roller spinning[J]. New Technology&New Process,2000,(6):23-24.
[13] Wagner J,Domack M,Hoffman E. Recent advances in near-netshape fabrication of Al-Li alloy 2195 for launch vehicles[A].Proceedings of the 2007 National Space&Missile Materials Symposium[C]. Keystone CO,2007.
[14] Dary L Logen.有限元方法基础教程[M].伍义生,吴永礼,译.北京:电子工业出版社,2003.Dary L Logen. A First Course in the Finite Element Method[M].Translated by Wu Y S,Wu Y L. Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2003.
[15] Solidworks. Solidworks Simulation高级教程[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2009.Solidworks. Advanced Tutorials of Solidworks Simulation[M].Beijing:China Machine Press,2009.