奥陶纪末期深水介壳动物群在湘西北的发现及其古生态意义
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摘要
首次记述湘西北桃源和慈利县境奥陶系顶部新开岭层产三叶虫武宁尖盾虫(松溪虫)(Mucronaspis(Songxites)wuningensis)和腕足类平月贝-小埃吉尔月贝组合(Paromalomena-Aegiromenella Assemblage),并新建小埃吉尔月贝群集(Aegiromenella Association).群落生态分析表明,这是赫南特期华南深水介壳动物群,栖息在上扬子区东南缘外的湘西北斜坡上,与上扬子区北缘陕南斜坡、渝北凹地(新名)、下扬子区赣皖苏缓坡的同期产物一样,均属于凉深水、低分异度的赫南特贝动物群,宜归于BA4-5(水深约60～150m,最深可达200m)的生态位;与上扬子台地浅水三叶虫M.(S.)mucronata类群和典型赫南特贝动物群(Hirnantia Fauna)有重要差异,后者主要栖息在BA2-3(水深约5～60m)的生态位.首次绘制出华南赫南特期浅水和深水壳相动物群古地理分布型式.假设湘西北奥陶纪末期沉积速率均等,根据五峰组压实厚度和笔石带绝对年龄值,推算出新开岭层沉积时间只有1.2万年,这或许表明该时期全球重大环境变化在时间上比原先想象的要短很多,尤其是对深水域的影响,明显短于浅水域.
引文
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