南麂列岛浅海区鱼种组成、分布与环境因子的关系
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摘要
根据2013年11月、2014年2、5、9月在南麂列岛国家海洋自然保护区浅海区域的渔业资源调查资料,研究南麂列岛浅海区域的鱼类种类组成及数量分布,并对其与水文环境因子之间的关系作定量分析。结果表明,南麂列岛浅海区域鱼类有92种,隶属15目、49科、74属,鱼类种数春季(55种)>冬季(45种)>秋季(44种)>夏季(34种),其中优势种为龙头鱼(Harpodon nehereus)、六指马鲅(Polynemus sextarius)、六丝钝尾虾虎鱼(Amblychaeturichthys)、凤鲚(Coilia mystus)、棘头梅童鱼(Collichthys lucidus)和绿鳍鱼(Chelidonichthys kumu)等6种。鱼类生物量各季节由高到低依次为夏季(825.87 kg)>冬季(160.05 kg)>秋季(139.14 kg)>春季(124.94kg)。典范对应分析认为,底层盐度和水深是影响调查海域鱼类种类组成和数量分布的主要环境因子。
Based on the data acquired in seasonal comprehensive surveys of the marine ecosystem of the Nanji islands ground shallow sea area waters by "Zhecangyu0942" in November, 2013 and in February, May, and September, 2014, The species composition and quantity distribution of fish species were reported was relative fishing rate. A total of 92 species were identified, which belonged to 74 genera in 49 families of 15 orders. The number of fish species descended as the following: spring(55) > winter(45) > autumn(44) > summer(34). The dominant species were Harpodon nehereus, Polynemus sextarius, Amblychaeturichthys, Coilia mystus, Collichthys lucidus, and Chelidonichthys kumu. And the seasonal shrimp biomass was(in decreasing order) summer(825.87 kg) > winter(160.05 kg) > autumn(139.14 kg) > spring(124.94 kg). The water depth and underlying salinity were the most important environmental factors affecting the change of the fish species composition and quantity distribution in the four seasons.
Based on the data acquired in seasonal comprehensive surveys of the marine ecosystem of the Nanji islands ground shallow sea area waters by "Zhecangyu0942" in November, 2013 and in February, May, and September, 2014, The species composition and quantity distribution of fish species were reported was relative fishing rate. A total of 92 species were identified, which belonged to 74 genera in 49 families of 15 orders. The number of fish species descended as the following: spring(55) > winter(45) > autumn(44) > summer(34). The dominant species were Harpodon nehereus, Polynemus sextarius, Amblychaeturichthys, Coilia mystus, Collichthys lucidus, and Chelidonichthys kumu. And the seasonal shrimp biomass was(in decreasing order) summer(825.87 kg) > winter(160.05 kg) > autumn(139.14 kg) > spring(124.94 kg). The water depth and underlying salinity were the most important environmental factors affecting the change of the fish species composition and quantity distribution in the four seasons.
引文
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[2]孙建璋,王友松,余海.南麂列岛海滨生物实习指导[M].北京:海洋出版社,2000:1-235.
[3]尤仲杰,孙建璋,王一农.南麂列岛的贝类[C]//浙江省海洋管理局.南麂列岛国家级海洋自然保护区论文选(一).北京:海洋出版社,1992:34-54.
[4]尤仲杰,王一农.南麂列岛海产双壳类的补充报道[C]//浙江省海洋管理局.南麂列岛国家级海洋自然保护区论文选(一).北京:海洋出版社,1992:61-68.
[5]陈赛英,王一婷,孙建章,等.浙江南麂列岛贝类区系的研究[C]//南麂列岛国家级海洋自然保护区论文选(一).北京:海洋出版社,1992:55-60.
[6]高爱根,董永庭,王慧珍,等.南麂列岛邻近海域贝类生态分布的初步研究[J].东海海洋,1998,16(2):49-54.
[7]蔡如星,江福连,车建国,等.浙江南麂水域的蔓足类[C]//浙江省海洋管理局.南麂列岛国家级海洋自然保护区论文选(一).北京:海洋出版社,1992:69-76.
[8]彭欣,谢起浪,陈少波,等.南麂列岛潮间带底栖生物时空分布及其对人类活动的响应[J].海洋与湖沼,2009,40(5):584-589.
[9]晁文春.南麂列岛附近海域甲壳类群落结构与生物多样性分析[D].舟山:浙江海洋学院,2013.
[10]张晓辉,周燕,龙华,等.南麂列岛海洋保护区浮游动物调查[J].动物学杂志,2006,41(4):83-86.
[11]纪焕红,叶属峰,刘星,等.南麂列岛海洋自然保护区浮游动物的物种组成及其多样性[J].生物多样性,2006,14(3):206-215.
[12]纪焕红,叶属峰,刘星,等.南麂列岛海洋自然保护区浮游动物丰度和生物量的时空分布[J].海洋通报,2007,26(1):55-60,88.
[13]仇林根.南麂海区的海洋鱼类及主要甲壳类[C]//浙江省海洋管理局.南麂列岛国家级海洋自然保护区论文选(一).北京:海洋出版社,1992:77-87.
[14]何贤保,章飞军,林利,等.南麂列岛岛礁区域鱼类种类组成和数量分布[J].海洋与湖沼,2013,44(2):453-460.
[15]何贤保.南麂列岛海洋自然保护区岛礁区鱼类群落结构特征研究[D].舟山:浙江海洋学院,2013.
[16]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局.B/T12763.6-2007海洋调查规范第6部分:海洋生物调查[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[17]刘瑞玉.胶州湾生态学和生物资源[M].北京:科学出版社,1992:1-460.
[18]TER BRAAK C J F.Canonical correspondence analysis:a new eigenvector technique for multivariate direct gradient analysis[J].Ecology,1986,67(5):1167-1179.
[19]TER BRAAK C J F,PRENTICE I C.A theory of gradient analysis[J].Advances in Ecological Research,1988,18:271-317.
[20]刘淑德,线薇微,刘栋.春季长江口及其邻近海域鱼类浮游生物群落特征[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(10):2284-2292.
[21]刘瑞玉.中国海洋生物名录[M].北京:科学出版社,2008:1 267.
[22]俞存根,宋海棠,姚光展.东海蟹类群落结构特征的研究[J].海洋与湖沼,2005,36(3):213-220.