水平层状复合岩体变形破坏特征的围压效应研究
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摘要
为研究不同围压下深部复合地层岩体变形和破坏特征,结合地质赋存条件制作了类层状复合岩石试样,通过开展不同围压下的三轴压缩试验,研究了围压对水平层状复合岩体变形破坏特征的影响。试验结果表明:随着围压的不断增加,峰后偏应力-应变曲线的降低速率逐渐变缓,应变软化程度逐渐减弱;随着围压的增大,水平层状复合岩石的破坏形态呈现出明显差异,整体上破坏形态逐渐由脆性破坏向延性破坏过渡;在一定围压状态下,围压对软岩膨胀变形的约束效果相对硬岩较弱,导致水平层状复合岩石试样的软、硬分层之间的膨胀变形不协调,在层间黏结力作用下,软、硬分层之间发生相对错动现象。该研究成果对于施工单位预防深部复合地层隧道掘进机(TBM)工程灾害具有一定的指导意义。
In order to investigate the effect of confining pressure on deformation and failure characteristics of deep mixed ground, many specimens were made to mimic layered composite rock, considering the geological formation characteristics. Triaxial compression tests were carried out on these specimens to study the effect of confining pressure on deformation and failure characteristics of horizontal layered composite rock. The results showed that: with the increasing of confining pressure, the decreasing rate of partial stress-strain curves became slower and the degree of strain softening was gradually weakened; the damage form of horizontal layered composite rocks evolved with the increase of confining pressure and was translated from brittle to ductile. Under certain confining pressure, the constraint effect of confining pressure on soft rock expansion deformation was weaker than hard rock, which led to uncoordinated expansion deformation between the soft and hard layers. The relative dislocation occurred between the soft and hard layers under the influence of interlayer adhesion. These results can guide construction units to prevent and control the disaster of tunnel boring machine(TBM) in tunneling through deep mixed ground.
In order to investigate the effect of confining pressure on deformation and failure characteristics of deep mixed ground, many specimens were made to mimic layered composite rock, considering the geological formation characteristics. Triaxial compression tests were carried out on these specimens to study the effect of confining pressure on deformation and failure characteristics of horizontal layered composite rock. The results showed that: with the increasing of confining pressure, the decreasing rate of partial stress-strain curves became slower and the degree of strain softening was gradually weakened; the damage form of horizontal layered composite rocks evolved with the increase of confining pressure and was translated from brittle to ductile. Under certain confining pressure, the constraint effect of confining pressure on soft rock expansion deformation was weaker than hard rock, which led to uncoordinated expansion deformation between the soft and hard layers. The relative dislocation occurred between the soft and hard layers under the influence of interlayer adhesion. These results can guide construction units to prevent and control the disaster of tunnel boring machine(TBM) in tunneling through deep mixed ground.
引文
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[19]房敬年,苗栋,房后国,等.破碎围岩中输水隧洞双护盾TBM卡机分析及其脱困措施[J].水电能源科学,2017,35(10):171-173,202.FANG Jing-nian,MIAO Dong,FANG Hou-guo,et al.Research on double shield TBM jamming and its jamming releasing measures in water conveyance tunnel with fractureed surrounding rock[J].Water Resources and Power,2017,35(10):171-173,202.
[20]郭卫新,杨继华,齐三红,等.花岗岩地层双护盾TBM卡机原因分析及处理措施[J].资源环境与工程,2017,31(5):610-613.GUO Wei-hong,YANG Ji-hua,QI San-hong,et al.Cause analysis and treatment measures of duble shield TBMblocked in granite stratum[J].Resources Environment&Engineering,2017,31(5):610-613.
[21]宁向可,姜桥,田鹏.国产双护盾TBM在兰州市水源地建设工程中的应用[J].隧道建设,2017,37(增刊1):149-154.NING Xiang-ke,JIANG Qiao,TIAN Peng.Application of domestic double-shield TBM to constrction of Lanzhou wanter source project[J].Tunnel Constrction,2017,37(Supp.1):149-154.
[22]严鹏,卢文波,陈明,等.深部岩体开挖方式对损伤区影响的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(6):1097-1106.YAN Peng,LU Wen-bo,CHEN Ming,et al.In-situ test research on influence of excavation method on induced damage zone in deep tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(6):1097-1106.
[23]王成虎,邢博瑞.原生裂隙水压致裂原地应力测量的理论与实践新进展[J].岩土力学,2017,38(5):1289-1297.WANG Cheng-hu,XING Bo-rui.Theory and application progress of modified HTPF method[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2017,38(5):1289-1297.
[24]张东明,白鑫,齐消寒,等.含层理岩石的AE特征分析及基于Kaiser效应的地应力测试研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(1):87-97.ZHANG Dong-ming,BAI Xin,QI Xiao-han,et al.Acoustic emission characteristics and in-situ stresses of bedding rock based on Kaiser effect[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(1):87-97.
[25]张芳,刘泉声,张程远,等.流变应力恢复法地应力测试及装置[J].岩土力学,2014,35(5):1506-1513.ZHANG Fang,LIU Quan-sheng,ZHANG Cheng-yuan,et al.Measurement of geostress and sensor about rheological stress recovery method[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(5):1506-1513.
[2]李剑光.含倾斜软弱夹层复合岩体强度及蠕变特性研究[D].青岛:青岛科技大学,2015.LI Jian-guang.Study on strength and creep characteristics of composite rock mass with inclined soft-weak interlayer[D]Qingdao:Qingdao University of Science and Technology,2015.
[3]张桂民,李银平,杨春和,等.软硬互层盐岩变形破损物理模拟试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(9):1813-1820.ZHANG Gui-min,LI Yin-ping,YANG Chun-he,et al.Physical simulation of deformation and failure mechanism of soft and hard inter-bedded salt rocks[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(9):1813-1820.
[4]王兵武,李银平,杨春和,等.界面倾角对复合层状物理模型材料力学特性的影响研究[J].岩土力学,2015,36(增刊2):139-147.WANG Bing-wu,LI Yin-ping,YANG Chun-he,et al.Influences of interface inclination on mechanical properties of composite bedded physical model material[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(Supp.2):139-147.
[5]TIEN Y M,KUO M C.A failure criterion for transversely isotropic rocks[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2001,38(3):399-412.
[6]TIEN Y M,KUO M C,JUANG C H.An experimental investigation of the failure mechanism of simulated transversely isotropic rocks[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2006,43(8):1163-1181.
[7]韩昌瑞,张波,白世伟,等.深埋隧道层状岩体弹塑性本构模型研究[J].岩土力学,2008,29(9):2404-2409.HAN Chang-rui,ZHANG Bo,BAI Shi-wei,et al.Research on elastoplastic constitutive model of layered surrounding rockmass of a deep buried tunnel[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(9):2404-2409.
[8]余永强,胡明研,杨小林,等.层状复合岩体相似模拟的试验研究[J].金属矿山,2009,(1):21-24,91.YU Yong-qiang,HU Ming-yan,YANG Xiao-lin,et al.Similarity simulation of bedded composite rock[J].Metal Mine,2009,(1):21-24,91.
[9]殷鹏飞.层状复合岩石试样力学特性单轴压缩试验与颗粒流模拟研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2016.YIN Peng-fei.Experiment and particle flow simulation on mechanical properties of layered composite rock under uniaxial compression[D].Xuzhou:University of Mining and Technology,2016
[10]竺维彬,鞠世健.复合地层中的盾构施工技术[M].合肥:中国科学技术出版社,2006.ZHU Wei-bin,JU Shi-jian.Shield tunnelling technology in compound ground[M].Hefei:China Science and Technology Press,2006.
[11]刘泉声,时凯,黄兴.TBM应用于深部煤矿建设的可行性及关键科学问题[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(5):633-641.LIU Quan-sheng,SHI Kai,HUANG Xing.Feasibility of application of TBM in construction of deep coal mine and its key scientific problems[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2013,30(5):633-641.
[12]BüCHI E T.New TBM generation with 20’cutters:Tunnelling experience at Klippen Hydropower Sweden[C]//TBM Symposium.Stockholm:[s.n.],1992.
[13]刘学伟,魏莱,雷广峰,等.复合地层TBM双滚刀破岩过程数值流形模拟研究[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(6):1225-1234.LIU Xue-wei,WEI Lai,LEI Guang-feng,et al.Numerical manifold simulation for rock fragmentation process under TBM double cutters in mixed ground[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(6):1225-1234.
[14]程建龙,杨圣奇,杜立坤,等.复合地层中双护盾TBM与围岩相互作用机制三维数值模拟研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(3):511-523.CHENG Jian-long,YANG Sheng-qi,DU Li-kun,et al.Three-dimensional numerical simulation on the interaction between double-shield TBM and surrounding rock mass in composite ground[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(3):511-523.
[15]中华人民共和国水利部.GB/T 50218―2014工程岩体分级标准[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2014.The Ministry of Water Resources of the People’s Republic of China.GB/T 50218―2014 Standard for engineering classification of rock mass[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2014.
[16]张桂民,李银平,施锡林,等.一种交互层状岩体模型材料制备方法及初步试验研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(增刊2):284-289.ZHANG Gui-min,LI Yin-ping,SHI Xi-lin,et al.Experimental study on damage and breakage of bedded composite rock[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(Supp.2):284-289.
[17]刘立,梁伟,李月,等.岩体层面力学特性对层状复合岩体的影响[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2006,23(2):187-191.LIU Li,LIANG Wei,LI Yue,et al.Influence of Mechanical characteristic of bedding surface on stratified composite rock mass[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2006,23(2):187-191.
[18]刘泉声,黄兴,刘建平,等.深部复合地层围岩与TBM的相互作用及安全控制[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(6):1213-1224.LIU Quan-sheng,HUANG Xing,LIU Jian-ping,et al.Interaction and safety control between TBM and deep mixed ground[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(6):1213-1224.
[19]房敬年,苗栋,房后国,等.破碎围岩中输水隧洞双护盾TBM卡机分析及其脱困措施[J].水电能源科学,2017,35(10):171-173,202.FANG Jing-nian,MIAO Dong,FANG Hou-guo,et al.Research on double shield TBM jamming and its jamming releasing measures in water conveyance tunnel with fractureed surrounding rock[J].Water Resources and Power,2017,35(10):171-173,202.
[20]郭卫新,杨继华,齐三红,等.花岗岩地层双护盾TBM卡机原因分析及处理措施[J].资源环境与工程,2017,31(5):610-613.GUO Wei-hong,YANG Ji-hua,QI San-hong,et al.Cause analysis and treatment measures of duble shield TBMblocked in granite stratum[J].Resources Environment&Engineering,2017,31(5):610-613.
[21]宁向可,姜桥,田鹏.国产双护盾TBM在兰州市水源地建设工程中的应用[J].隧道建设,2017,37(增刊1):149-154.NING Xiang-ke,JIANG Qiao,TIAN Peng.Application of domestic double-shield TBM to constrction of Lanzhou wanter source project[J].Tunnel Constrction,2017,37(Supp.1):149-154.
[22]严鹏,卢文波,陈明,等.深部岩体开挖方式对损伤区影响的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(6):1097-1106.YAN Peng,LU Wen-bo,CHEN Ming,et al.In-situ test research on influence of excavation method on induced damage zone in deep tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(6):1097-1106.
[23]王成虎,邢博瑞.原生裂隙水压致裂原地应力测量的理论与实践新进展[J].岩土力学,2017,38(5):1289-1297.WANG Cheng-hu,XING Bo-rui.Theory and application progress of modified HTPF method[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2017,38(5):1289-1297.
[24]张东明,白鑫,齐消寒,等.含层理岩石的AE特征分析及基于Kaiser效应的地应力测试研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(1):87-97.ZHANG Dong-ming,BAI Xin,QI Xiao-han,et al.Acoustic emission characteristics and in-situ stresses of bedding rock based on Kaiser effect[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(1):87-97.
[25]张芳,刘泉声,张程远,等.流变应力恢复法地应力测试及装置[J].岩土力学,2014,35(5):1506-1513.ZHANG Fang,LIU Quan-sheng,ZHANG Cheng-yuan,et al.Measurement of geostress and sensor about rheological stress recovery method[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(5):1506-1513.