WO_3/TiO_2复合薄膜的制备及其电致变色性能
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摘要
使用水热法在掺氟SnO_2涂覆的导电玻璃(FTO)基板上生长TiO_2纳米线,随后在TiO_2纳米线上采用水热法生长WO_3纳米线,制备出WO_3/TiO_2复合薄膜。通过循环伏安法(CV)、计时电流法(CA)、计时电量法(CC)等电化学测试技术研究了WO_3/TiO_2复合薄膜的电致变色性能;采用紫外分光光度计对薄膜的着色﹑漂白状态的响应时间进行测试。通过以上测试,计算得到了薄膜的循环稳定性﹑光调制﹑着色效率和切换时间(Y和X)等参数。结果显示WO_3/TiO_2复合薄膜的电致变色性明显提高,其中WO_3/TiO_2复合薄膜可逆性增加了6%,着色效率提高了40.96cm~2/C。
TiO_2 nanowires were prepared on F-dopet tin oxide(FTO)by hydrothermal method.Then WO_3 nanowires were prepared on TiO_2 nanowires by hydrothermal method to obtain WO_3/TiO_2 composite films.The electrochromic properties of WO_3/TiO_2 composite films were studied by cyclic voltammetry(CV),chronoamperometry(CA)and chronocharging(CC).The response time of the coloring and bleaching state of the film was tested by UV spectrophotometer.Through the above tests,the parameters such as cycle stability,light modulation,coloring efficiency and switching time(Y and X)were calculated.The results show that the electrochromic properties of WO_3/TiO_2 composite films are obviously improved.The reversibility of WO_3/TiO_2 composite films increases by6%,and the coloring efficiency increases by 40.96 cm~2/C.
TiO_2 nanowires were prepared on F-dopet tin oxide(FTO)by hydrothermal method.Then WO_3 nanowires were prepared on TiO_2 nanowires by hydrothermal method to obtain WO_3/TiO_2 composite films.The electrochromic properties of WO_3/TiO_2 composite films were studied by cyclic voltammetry(CV),chronoamperometry(CA)and chronocharging(CC).The response time of the coloring and bleaching state of the film was tested by UV spectrophotometer.Through the above tests,the parameters such as cycle stability,light modulation,coloring efficiency and switching time(Y and X)were calculated.The results show that the electrochromic properties of WO_3/TiO_2 composite films are obviously improved.The reversibility of WO_3/TiO_2 composite films increases by6%,and the coloring efficiency increases by 40.96 cm~2/C.
引文
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[25]DU L,FURUBE A,YAMAMOTO K,et al.Plasmon-induced charge separation and recombination dynamics in goldTiO2nanoparticle systems:dependence on TiO2particle size[J].Journal of Physical Chemistry C,2009,113(16):6454-6462.
[26]ZHANG J,TU J,XIA X,et al.Hydrothermally synthesized WO3 nanowire arrays with highly improved electrochromic performance[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry,2011,21(14):5492-5498.
[27]WANG Z,HU X.Electrochromic properties of TiO2-doped WO3films spin-coated from Ti-stabilized peroxotungstic acid[J].Electrochimica Acta,2001,46(13-14):1951-1956.
[2]MONK P M S,MORTIMER R J,ROSSEINSKY D R.Electrochromism:Fundamentals and Applications[M].US:John Wiley &Sons,2008.
[3]ALIEV A E,SHIN H W.Nanostructured materials for electrochromic devices[J].Solid State Ionics,2002,154:425-431.
[4]SONG YY,GAO ZD,WANG JH,XIA XH,LYNCH R.Multistage coloring electrochromic device based on TiO2nanotube arrays modified with WO3 nanoparticles[J].Advanced Functional Materials,2011,21:1941-1946.
[5]ZHANG J,WANG X L,XIA X H,GU C D,TU J P.Electrochromic behavior of WO3nanotree films prepared by hydrothermal oxidation[J].Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells,2011,95:2107-2112.
[6]BAECK S H,CHOI K S,JARAMILLO T F,STUCKY G D,MCFARLAND E W.Enhancement of photocatalytic and electrochromic properties of electrochemically fabri-cated mesoporous WO3thin films[J].Advanced Materials,2003,15:1269-1273.
[7]LEE S H,DESHPANDE R,PARILLA P A,JONES K M,TO B,MAHAN A H,DILLON A C.Crystalline WO3nanoparticles for highly improved electrochromic applica-tions[J].Advanced Materials,2006,18:763-766.
[8]MA D Y,SHI G Y,WANG H Z,ZHANG Q H,LI Y G.Morphology-tailored synthesis of vertically aligned 1D WO3nano-structure films for highly enhanced electrochromic performance[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry,2013,A1:684-691.
[9]LIU B,AYDIL E S.Growth of oriented single-crystalline rutile TiO2 nanorods on transparent conducting substrates for dye-sensitized solar cells[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2009,131:3985-3990.
[10]WANG G M,WANG H Y,LING Y C,TANG Y C,YANG X Y,FITZMORRIS R C,WANG C C,ZHANG J Z,LI Y.Hydrogen-treated TiO2 nanowire arrays for photoelectrochemical water splitting[J]. Nano Letters,2011,11:3026-3033.
[11]SANTATO C,ODZIEMKOWSKI M,ULMANN M,et al.Crystallographically oriented mesoporous WO3films:synthesis,characterization,and applications[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2001,123(43):10639-10649.
[12]ZHENG F,LU H,GUO M,et al.Effect of substrate pretreatment on controllable synthesis of hexagonal WO3nanorod arrays and their electrochromic properties[J].Cryst Eng Comm,2013,15(29):5828-5837.
[13]DETACCONI N R, CHEN THAMARAKSHAN C R,RAJESHWAR K,et al.Pulsed electrodeposition of WO3-TiO2composite films[J].Electrochemistry Communications,2003,5(3):220-224.
[14]李再轲,肖加余,曾竟成.塑料基TiO2电致变色薄膜制备及性能研究[J].化工新型材料,2006,34(9):56-60.LI Zaike,XIAO Jayu,ZENG Jingcheng.Preparation and performance of electrochromic TiO2films on plastic substrate[J].New Chemical Materials 2006,34(9):56-60(in Chinese).
[15]蔡国发.金属氧化物基电致变色薄膜的制备及性能改善[D].杭州:浙江大学,2014.CAI Guofa.Preparation and improved electrochromic properties of metal oxide films[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2014(in Chinese).
[16]REYES-GIL,KARLA R,et al.Composite WO3/TiO2nanostructures for high electrochromic activity[J].ACS Applied Materials &Interfaces,2015,7(4):2202-2213.
[17]TATSUMA T,SAITOH S,OHKO Y,et al.TiO2-WO3photoelectrochemical anticorrosion system with an energy storage ability[J].Chemistry of Materials,2001,13(9):2838-2842.
[18]NAH Y C,GHICOV A,KIM D,et al.TiO2-WO3composite nanotubes by alloy anodization:growth and enhanced electrochromic properties[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2008,130(48):16154-16155.
[19]ZHOU X S,LIN Y H,LI B,et al.Processing and characterization of TiO2film prepared on glass via pulsed laser deposition[J].Journal of Physics D:Applied Physics,2006,39(3):558.
[20]SHINGUU H,BHUIYAN M M H,IKEGAMI T,et al.Preparation of WO3/TiO2 multilayer thin film by PLD method and its catalytic response to visible light[J].Thin Solid Films,2006,506:111-114.
[21]PATROCINIO A O T,PAULA L F,PANIAGO R M,et al.Layer-by-layer TiO2/WO3thin films as efficient photocatalytic self-cleaning surfaces[J].ACS Applied Materials &Interfaces,2014,6(19):16859-16866.
[22]BRAUN A,AKGUL F A,CHEN Q,et al.Observation of substrate orientation-dependent oxygen defect filling in thin WO3-δ/TiO2pulsed laser-deposited films with in situ XPS at high oxygen pressure and temperature[J].Chemistry of Materials,2012,24(17):3473-3480.
[23]ZHANG W F,HE Y L,ZHANG M S,et al.Raman scattering study on anatase TiO2 nanocrystals[J].Journal of Physics D:Applied Physics,2000,33(8):912-916.
[24]REYES-GIL K R,ROBINSON D B.WO3-enhanced TiO2nanotube photoanodes for solar water splitting with simultaneous wastewater treatment[J].ACS Applied Materials &Interfaces,2013,5(23):12400-12410.
[25]DU L,FURUBE A,YAMAMOTO K,et al.Plasmon-induced charge separation and recombination dynamics in goldTiO2nanoparticle systems:dependence on TiO2particle size[J].Journal of Physical Chemistry C,2009,113(16):6454-6462.
[26]ZHANG J,TU J,XIA X,et al.Hydrothermally synthesized WO3 nanowire arrays with highly improved electrochromic performance[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry,2011,21(14):5492-5498.
[27]WANG Z,HU X.Electrochromic properties of TiO2-doped WO3films spin-coated from Ti-stabilized peroxotungstic acid[J].Electrochimica Acta,2001,46(13-14):1951-1956.