重庆南川地区中奥陶统—上奥陶统牙形石序列及地质意义
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摘要
通过对重庆南川地区三泉镇中奥陶统—上奥陶统的露头剖面进行连续的牙形石采样分析,确定了29属55种牙形石,建立了8个牙形石带,自下而上分别为Baltoniodus norrlandicus带、Lenodus antivariabilis带、Lenodus variabilis带、Pygodus serra带、Yangtzeplacognathus jianyeensis带、Baltoniodus variabilis带、Hamarodus brevirameus带和Protopanderodus insculptus带,其发育时代为中奥陶世达瑞威尔期—晚奥陶世凯迪期。其中,可能缺失2期牙形石带及相应的地层,包括牯牛潭组顶部缺失与湖北宜昌地区黄花场剖面相对应的Yangtzeplacognathus protoramosus带,大田坝组与宝塔组之间缺失与黄花场剖面大致相当的Baltoniodus alobatus带。从中扬子的湖北宜昌地区向西至重庆石柱地区,再到上扬子的重庆南川—贵州习水地区,中奥陶统—上奥陶统由发育完整转变为在中奥陶统达瑞威尔阶中—上部缺失1期牙形石带及相应地层,在达瑞尔威尔阶的中—上部和桑比阶内部缺失2期牙形石带及相应地层。地层特征表明,中奥陶世—晚奥陶世上扬子地区曾存在古陆,而中扬子地区则一直保持了海洋的古地理格局。
This study collects and analyzes the conodont samples from the Middle-Upper Ordovician in Sanquan town,Nanchuan area of Chongqing,identifies 29 genera and 55 species and establishes 8 conodont biozones,i.e.,Baltoniodus norrlandicus,Lenodus antivariabilis,Lenodus variabilis,Pygodus serra,Yangtzeplacognathus jianyeensis,Baltoniodus variabilis,Hamarodus brevirameus and Protopanderodus insculptus from bottom to top.Their development time was from Middle Ordovician Darriwilian Stage to Late Ordovician Katian Stage.Among them,two conodont biozones and corresponding formations may be absent,including the biozone in the top of Guniutan Formation corresponding to the Yangtzeplacognathus protoramosus biozone in the Huanghuachang profile of Yichang area,Hubei province and the biozone between Datianba Formation and Baota Formation equal to the Baltoniodus alobatus biozone in the Huanghuachang profile.From Yichang area of Hubei in the Middle Yangtze region westwards Shizhu area of Chongqing to Nanchuan area of Chongqing in the Upper Yangtze till Xishui of Guizhou,the Middle-Upper Ordovician was transformed from integrity into absence of one conodont biozone and corresponding strata in the middle-upper Middle Ordovician Darriwilian Stage,and two conodont biozones and corresponding strata in the middleupper Darriwilian Stage and the inner Sandbian Stage.The stratigraphic characteristics indicate that ancient continent existed in the Upper Yangtze area,while the palaeo-ocean still remained in the Middle Yangtze area during Middle-Late Ordovician.
This study collects and analyzes the conodont samples from the Middle-Upper Ordovician in Sanquan town,Nanchuan area of Chongqing,identifies 29 genera and 55 species and establishes 8 conodont biozones,i.e.,Baltoniodus norrlandicus,Lenodus antivariabilis,Lenodus variabilis,Pygodus serra,Yangtzeplacognathus jianyeensis,Baltoniodus variabilis,Hamarodus brevirameus and Protopanderodus insculptus from bottom to top.Their development time was from Middle Ordovician Darriwilian Stage to Late Ordovician Katian Stage.Among them,two conodont biozones and corresponding formations may be absent,including the biozone in the top of Guniutan Formation corresponding to the Yangtzeplacognathus protoramosus biozone in the Huanghuachang profile of Yichang area,Hubei province and the biozone between Datianba Formation and Baota Formation equal to the Baltoniodus alobatus biozone in the Huanghuachang profile.From Yichang area of Hubei in the Middle Yangtze region westwards Shizhu area of Chongqing to Nanchuan area of Chongqing in the Upper Yangtze till Xishui of Guizhou,the Middle-Upper Ordovician was transformed from integrity into absence of one conodont biozone and corresponding strata in the middle-upper Middle Ordovician Darriwilian Stage,and two conodont biozones and corresponding strata in the middleupper Darriwilian Stage and the inner Sandbian Stage.The stratigraphic characteristics indicate that ancient continent existed in the Upper Yangtze area,while the palaeo-ocean still remained in the Middle Yangtze area during Middle-Late Ordovician.
引文
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[4]王阳洋,陈践发,庞雄奇,等.塔中地区奥陶系油气充注特征及运移方向[J].石油学报,2018,39(1):54-68.WANG Yangyang,CHEN Jianfa,PANG Xiongqi,et al.Ordovician hydrocarbon charging characteristics and migration direction in Tazhong area[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2018,39(1):54-68.
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[6]彭军,韩浩东,夏青松,等.深埋藏致密砂岩储层微观孔隙结构的分形表征及成因机理——以塔里木盆地顺托果勒地区柯坪塔格组为例[J].石油学报,2018,39(7):775-791.PENG Jun,HAN Haodong,XIA Qingsong,et al.Fractal characterization and genetic mechanism of micro-pore structure in deeply buried tight sandstone reservoirs:a case study of Kalpintag Formation in Shuntuoguole area,Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2018,39(7):775-791.
[7]魏新善,任军峰,赵俊兴,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东部奥陶系风化壳古地貌特征嬗变及地质意义[J].石油学报,2017,38(9):999-1009.WEI Xinshan,REN Junfeng,ZHAO Junxing,et al.Paleo-geomorphologic characteristic evolution and geological significance of the Ordovician weathering crust in eastern Ordos Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(9):999-1009.
[8]安太庠.中国南部早古生代牙形石[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1987.AN Taixiang.Early Paleozoic conodnts from South China[M].Beijing:Peking University Press,1987.
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[10]中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所.中国“金钉子”——全球标准层型剖面和点位研究[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,2013:122-181.Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology of Chinese Academy of Sciences.Global standard stratotype-sections and points in China[M].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University Press,2013:122-181.
[11]陈旭,MITCHELL C E,张元动,等.中奥陶统达瑞威尔阶及其全球层型剖面点(GSSP)在中国的确立[J].古生物学报,1997,36(4):423-431.CHEN Xu,MITCHELL C E,ZHANG Yuandong,et al.GSSP of darriwilian(middle Ordovician)in China[J].Acta Palaeontologica Sinica,1997,36(4):423-431.
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[15]武瑾,梁峰,吝文,等.渝东北地区巫溪2井五峰组-龙马溪组页岩气储层及含气性特征[J].石油学报,2017,38(5):512-524.WU Jin,LIANG Feng,LIN Wen,et al.Reservoirs characteristics and gas-bearing capacity of Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation shale in Well WX-2,northeast Chongqing area[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(5):512-524.
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[20]樊茹,卢远征,张学磊,等.贵州习水奥陶系牙形石生物地层[J].地层学杂志,2015,39(1):15-32.FAN Ru,LU Yuanzheng,ZHANG Xuelei,et al.Ordovician conodont biostratigraphy of the Ordovician Liangcun section in Guizhou province,South China[J].Journal of Stratigraphy,2015,39(1):15-32.
[21]王志浩,甄勇毅,马譞,等.重庆石柱漆辽地区中、上奥陶统牙形刺序列——揭示达瑞威尔阶下部至桑比阶之间的沉积间断[J].古生物学报,2017,56(1):37-53.WANG Zhihao,ZHEN Yongyi,MA Xuan,et al.Middle to upper Ordovician conodont succession from the Qiliao section of Shizhu,Chongqing-revealing a depositional hiatus between lower Darriwilian and Sandbian[J].Acta Palaeontologica Sinica,2017,56(1):37-53.
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