羧甲基纤维素钠对番茄红素复凝聚微胶囊性能的影响
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摘要
本研究以大豆分离蛋白和壳聚糖为壁材,通过复凝聚法制备番茄红素微胶囊,研究了在反应体系中添加不同质量浓度的羧甲基纤维素钠对番茄红素包埋性能及微胶囊各种性质的影响。结果发现加入20 mg/m L的羧甲基纤维素钠溶液后,制备的番茄红素微胶囊较为分散,粒径和ζ电位降低,微胶囊粉末的休止角为50o,包埋产率和效率分别急剧增加至64.3%和74.2%,释放率为12.0%,表明在反应体系中加入羧甲基纤维素钠可增加番茄红素微胶囊的分散性、流动性、包埋产率和包埋效率,降低微胶囊的粒径、ζ电位及芯材在酸性介质中的释放速率,且存在剂量-效应关系;另外,羧甲基纤维素钠的存在还增强了微胶囊在100℃高温下的稳定性。因此,在大豆分离蛋白-壳聚糖复凝聚体系中添加羧甲基纤维素钠可提高番茄红素微胶囊的加工特性。该研究为拓展番茄红素在食品中的应用提供了理论依据。
In this paper, microcapsules containing lycopene were prepared by the complex coacervation method with soybean protein isolate(SPI) and chitosan(Ch) as wall material and the effects of the addition of various amounts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC) on the encapsulation efficiency and properties of microcapsules were investigated. The results indicated that microcapsules with good dispersibility and an angle of repose of 50o were obtained with addition of 20 mg/m L CMC, which demonstrated reduced particle size and ζ potential and sharply increased microcapsule yield and encapsulation efficiency of 64.3% and 74.2% along with a release rate of 12.0% compared with those without CMC. Thus, addition of CMC to the reaction system could increase the dispersibility, flowability, microcapsule yield and microencapsulation efficiency, and reduce the particle size, ζ potential and lycopene release rate in acidic medium of microcapsules in a dosedependent manner. Meanwhile, added CMC enhanced the stability of microcapsules upon exposure to 100 ℃. To conclude, addition of CMC to SPI-Ch coacervation system could greatly improve the processing performance of the resultant lycopene microcapsules. This study may lay a theoretical foundation for extending the applicability of lycopene in the food industry.
In this paper, microcapsules containing lycopene were prepared by the complex coacervation method with soybean protein isolate(SPI) and chitosan(Ch) as wall material and the effects of the addition of various amounts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC) on the encapsulation efficiency and properties of microcapsules were investigated. The results indicated that microcapsules with good dispersibility and an angle of repose of 50o were obtained with addition of 20 mg/m L CMC, which demonstrated reduced particle size and ζ potential and sharply increased microcapsule yield and encapsulation efficiency of 64.3% and 74.2% along with a release rate of 12.0% compared with those without CMC. Thus, addition of CMC to the reaction system could increase the dispersibility, flowability, microcapsule yield and microencapsulation efficiency, and reduce the particle size, ζ potential and lycopene release rate in acidic medium of microcapsules in a dosedependent manner. Meanwhile, added CMC enhanced the stability of microcapsules upon exposure to 100 ℃. To conclude, addition of CMC to SPI-Ch coacervation system could greatly improve the processing performance of the resultant lycopene microcapsules. This study may lay a theoretical foundation for extending the applicability of lycopene in the food industry.
引文
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[20]XIAO J X,HUANG G Q,WANG S Q,et al.Microencapsulation of capsanthin by soybean protein isolate-chitosan coacervation and microcapsule stability evaluation[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2014,131(1):257-265.DOI:10.1002/APP.39671.
[21]黄国清,肖军霞,仇宏伟.大豆分离蛋白-壳聚糖复凝聚法制备大蒜油微胶囊的工艺研究[J].中国调味品,2014,39(8):46-50.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-9973.2014.08.012.
[22]刘成柏.中药有效成分提取及药物微囊化研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2009:104-106.
[23]张连富,丁霄霖.番茄红素简便测定方法的建立[J].食品与发酵工业,2001,27(3):51-55.
[24]赵晓燕,冯作山,陈复生.番茄红素微胶囊的稳定性研究[J].食品与发酵工业,2005,31(10):45-47.
[25]WU M H,YAN L,CHEN S L.Influence of dispersants on the particle size and size distribution of physical blowing microcapsules[J].International Journal of Polymeric Materials,2004,53(2):131-141.DOI:10.1080/00914030490267582.
[26]PENG J,YUE C S,QIU G B,et al.Dispersion characterization of short slag fiber in aqueous solution[J].Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology,2016,37(8):1097-1103.DOI:10.1080/01932691.2015.1082137.
[27]潘波,朱曙光,徐庆,等.维生素E微胶囊的制备及其干燥后释放性研究[J].干燥技术与设备,2014,12(4):16-21.
[28]李敏.番茄红素微胶囊化及其性质研究[D].南京:南京财经大学,2012:21-24.
[29]XIAO Z B,LIU W L,ZHU G Y,et al.A review of the preparation and application of flavour and essential oils microcapsules based on complex coacervation technology[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,2014,94(8):1482-1494.DOI:10.1002/jsfa.6491.
[30]TROJIER M A,LI Y,WALLIN M,et al.Charged microcapsules for controlled release of hydrophobic actives part II:surface modification by Lb L adsorption and lipid bilayer formation on properly anchored dispersant layers[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2013,409:8-17.DOI:10.1016/j.jcis.2013.06.070.
[2]GOULA A M,ADAMOPOULOS K G.A new technique for spraydried encapsulation of lycopene[J].Drying Technology,2012,30(6):641-652.DOI:10.1080/07373937.2012.655871.
[3]GUO H,HUANG Y,QIAN J Q,et al.Optimization of technological parameters for preparation of lycopene microcapsules[J].Journal of Food Science and Technology,2014,51(7):1318-1325.DOI:10.1007/s13197-011-0600-0.
[4]孙传庆,胡小明,朱金玲,等.番茄红素的微胶囊化研究和稳定性实验[J].食品科技,2007,32(2):166-170.DOI:10.13684/j.cnki.spkj.2007.02.044.
[5]左爱仁,范青生,刘燕,等.番茄红素微胶囊化的研究[J].食品科学,2004,25(4):35-39.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1002-6630.2004.04.004.
[6]董志俭.复合凝聚薄荷油微胶囊的研究[D].无锡:江南大学,2008:7-10.
[7]ROCHA-SELMI G A,FAVARO-TRINDADE C S,GROSSO C R F.Morphology,stability,and application of lycopene microcapsules produced by complex coacervation[J].Journal of Chemistry,2013,2013:1-7.DOI:10.1155/2013/982603.
[8]张雪.复凝聚法制备仿中药成分微胶囊及其应用[D].北京:北京服装学院,2013:3-6.
[9]李莎,高杨,李研,等.壳聚糖-海藻酸钠复凝聚法制备微胶囊技术及其应用研究[J].化工新型材料,2016,44(5):28-30.
[10]胡琳琳.复合凝聚法制备番茄红素纳米胶囊[D].无锡:江南大学,2014:4-7.
[11]孙新虎.番茄红素微胶囊包埋的研究[D].无锡:江南大学,2004:33-38.
[12]YANG Z M,PENG Z,LI J H,et al.Development and evaluation of novel flavour microcapsules containing vanilla oil using complex coacervation approach[J].Food Chemistry,2014,145(2):272-277.DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.08.074.
[13]谢丽源,甘炳成.羧甲基纤维素钠在食品工业中的应用研究[J].农产品加工(学刊),2007(1):51-54;67.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1671-9646-B.2007.01.017.
[14]DAN J X,MA Y Q,YUE P F,et al.Microcrystalline cellulosecarboxymethyl cellulose sodium as an effective dispersant for drug nanocrystals:acase study[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2016,136:499-506.DOI:10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.09.048.
[15]张丽平,余晓琴.羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)在食品工业应用的情况和研究动态[J].中国食品添加剂,2006(1):118-125.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-2513.2006.01.027.
[16]李素君,卫建军,余江,等.羧甲基纤维素包覆纳米铁的制备及其分散性研究[J].环境科学与技术,2010,33(9):15-18.
[17]PHENRAT T,SALEH N,SIRK K,et al.Stabilization of aqueous nanoscalezerovalent iron dispersions by anionic polyelectrolytes:adsorbed anionic polyelectrolyte layer properties and their effect on aggregation and sedimentation[J].Journal of Nanoparticle Research,2008,10(5):795-814.DOI:10.1007/s11051-007-9315-6.
[18]何蕾.低密度脂蛋白/羧甲基纤维素钠纳米凝胶靶向递送体系研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2015:20-28.
[19]DAVID J,GLAUDDINE L,CLAUDE R.Microcapsules based on gelatin and polysaccharides and process for obtaining same:US5051304[P].(1991-09-24)[2016-11-10].
[20]XIAO J X,HUANG G Q,WANG S Q,et al.Microencapsulation of capsanthin by soybean protein isolate-chitosan coacervation and microcapsule stability evaluation[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2014,131(1):257-265.DOI:10.1002/APP.39671.
[21]黄国清,肖军霞,仇宏伟.大豆分离蛋白-壳聚糖复凝聚法制备大蒜油微胶囊的工艺研究[J].中国调味品,2014,39(8):46-50.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-9973.2014.08.012.
[22]刘成柏.中药有效成分提取及药物微囊化研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2009:104-106.
[23]张连富,丁霄霖.番茄红素简便测定方法的建立[J].食品与发酵工业,2001,27(3):51-55.
[24]赵晓燕,冯作山,陈复生.番茄红素微胶囊的稳定性研究[J].食品与发酵工业,2005,31(10):45-47.
[25]WU M H,YAN L,CHEN S L.Influence of dispersants on the particle size and size distribution of physical blowing microcapsules[J].International Journal of Polymeric Materials,2004,53(2):131-141.DOI:10.1080/00914030490267582.
[26]PENG J,YUE C S,QIU G B,et al.Dispersion characterization of short slag fiber in aqueous solution[J].Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology,2016,37(8):1097-1103.DOI:10.1080/01932691.2015.1082137.
[27]潘波,朱曙光,徐庆,等.维生素E微胶囊的制备及其干燥后释放性研究[J].干燥技术与设备,2014,12(4):16-21.
[28]李敏.番茄红素微胶囊化及其性质研究[D].南京:南京财经大学,2012:21-24.
[29]XIAO Z B,LIU W L,ZHU G Y,et al.A review of the preparation and application of flavour and essential oils microcapsules based on complex coacervation technology[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,2014,94(8):1482-1494.DOI:10.1002/jsfa.6491.
[30]TROJIER M A,LI Y,WALLIN M,et al.Charged microcapsules for controlled release of hydrophobic actives part II:surface modification by Lb L adsorption and lipid bilayer formation on properly anchored dispersant layers[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2013,409:8-17.DOI:10.1016/j.jcis.2013.06.070.