“高分三号”卫星图像干涉测量试验
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摘要
由于自然或人工建造引起的形变可能引发灾难,对其进行形变量监测非常必要,合成孔径雷达(SAR)技术与传统监测技术相比,可以实现全天候对地观测,并监测地表的形变。"高分三号"(GF-3)卫星作为中国国首颗SAR卫星,是否具有干涉测量的能力以及精度尚待验证,为此文章利用GF-3卫星SAR数据对河南省登封市周边地区进行二轨差分干涉处理,获取了该地区的地表形变图。结果表明地表相对沉降量为±0.03m,验证了GF-3卫星作为SAR卫星具有了干涉测量(InSAR)的能力。针对GF-3卫星数据由于轨道误差引起的平行条纹导致相位解缠效果不好的问题,提出利用SRTM(Shuttle Radar Topograpty Mision)DEM高程作为所选样本点的高程,选取5个地面控制点,消除了由于轨道误差引起的平行条纹,提高了反演的形变量精度;GF-3卫星与技术成熟的"哨兵一号"卫星同一测区数据对比,形变信息大致相同。GF-3卫星作为一颗SAR新星具有干涉测量的能力,同时精度上也满足监测的需求。
It is necessary to monitor deformation caused by natural or man-made structures which may even cause disasters. Compared with traditional monitoring technologies, synthetic aperture radar(SAR)technology is capable of monitoring surface deformation with all-weather observation. Considering the capability of GF-3 satellite, China's first SAR satellite, on interference measurement and its accuracy haven't yet verified, the SAR data in Dengfeng district, Henan province, is used to construct the surface deformation map by 2 rail differential interference processing. The results of surface relative settlement is about ±0.03 m,which shows the capability of SAR interferometry(InSAR) on GF-3 satellite. As the phase untangling effect of GF-3 satellite data may be caused by parallel stripes induced by orbit error, a method using SRTM DEM elevation as the selected sample points and selecting 5 ground control points is proposed to eliminate these stripes and improve the inversion precision of deformation variables. The deformation information is similar to that from the data of Sentry 1 with developed technology. Therefore, as a new member of SAR satellites, GF-3 satellite has the capability of interferometry measurement with enough accuracy meeting the monitoring requirements.
It is necessary to monitor deformation caused by natural or man-made structures which may even cause disasters. Compared with traditional monitoring technologies, synthetic aperture radar(SAR)technology is capable of monitoring surface deformation with all-weather observation. Considering the capability of GF-3 satellite, China's first SAR satellite, on interference measurement and its accuracy haven't yet verified, the SAR data in Dengfeng district, Henan province, is used to construct the surface deformation map by 2 rail differential interference processing. The results of surface relative settlement is about ±0.03 m,which shows the capability of SAR interferometry(InSAR) on GF-3 satellite. As the phase untangling effect of GF-3 satellite data may be caused by parallel stripes induced by orbit error, a method using SRTM DEM elevation as the selected sample points and selecting 5 ground control points is proposed to eliminate these stripes and improve the inversion precision of deformation variables. The deformation information is similar to that from the data of Sentry 1 with developed technology. Therefore, as a new member of SAR satellites, GF-3 satellite has the capability of interferometry measurement with enough accuracy meeting the monitoring requirements.
引文
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[22]邢学敏.CRInSAR与PSInSAR联合监测矿区时序地表形变研究[J].测绘学报,2014,43(8):878.XING Xuemin.CRInSAR and PSInSAR Jointly Monitor the Temporal Surface Deformation of Mining Area[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,2014,43(8):878.(in Chinese)
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[25]王涛,于海峰,刘杰,等.星载双天线干涉SAR系统总体技术研究[J].航天器工程,2016,25(6):6-12.WANG Tao,YU Haifeng,LIU Jie.et al.Study on the Overall Technique of Spaceborne Dual Antenna Interferometric SARSystem[J].Spacecraft Engineering,2016,25(6):6-12.(in Chinese)
[2]陈筠力,李威.国外SAR卫星最新进展与趋势展望[J].上海航天,2016,33(6):1-19.CHEN Yunli,LI Wei.Recent Advances and Trends of SAR Satellites in Foreign Countries[J].Aerospace Shanghai,2016,33(6):1-19.(in Chinese)
[3]姚天宇.长征四号丙运载火箭成功发射高分三号卫星[J].中国航天,2016(8):8-8.YAO Tianyu.The Long March 4C Carrier Rocket Successfully Launched the GF-3[J].Aerospace China,2016(8):8-8.(in Chinese)
[4]安志宏,吴春明,孙禧勇,等.基于“高分二号”卫星影像的砂金矿区环境地质调查[J].航天返回与遥感,2017,38(6):107-112.AN Zhihong,WU Chunming,SUN Xiyong,et al.Study on Environmental Geology Investigation in Gold Placer-mining Area Using GF-2 Imagery[J].Spacecraft Recovery&Remote Sensing,2017,38(6):107-112.(in Chinese)
[5]王超,张红,刘智.星载合成孔径雷达干涉测量[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.WANG Chao,ZHANG Hong,LIU Zhi.Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry[M].Beijing:Science Press,2002.(in Chinese)
[6]王毅.环境一号C雷达卫星[J].卫星应用,2012(5):74.WANG Yi.HJ-1C Radar Satellite[J].Satellite Application,2012(5):74.(in Chinese)
[7]唐智,周萌清,李景文.InSAR数据处理中基于相关系数的配准方法[J].雷达科学与技术,2004,2(2):108-114.TANG Zhi,ZHOU Mengqing,LI Jingwen.Registration Method Based on Correlation Coefficient in InSAR Data Processing[J].Radar Science and Technology,2004,2(2):108-114.(in Chinese)
[8]陈振炜,张过,宁津生,等.资源三号测绘卫星自动云检测[J].测绘学报,2015,44(3):292-300.CHEN Zhenwei,ZHANG Guo,NING Jinsheng,et al.An Automatic Cloud Detection Method for ZY-3 Satellite[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2015,44(3):292-300.(in Chinese)
[9]肖金群,汪长城,李志伟,等.基于配准偏移量的InSAR基线估计[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2010,35(10):1236-1239.XIAO Jinqun,WANG Changcheng,LI Zhiwei,et al.Baseline Estimation of InSAR Based on Registration Offset[J].Wuhan University Journal(Information Science Edition),2010,35(10):1236-1239.(in Chinese)
[10]徐华平,朱玲凤,刘向华,等.一种基于干涉条纹频率的星载InSAR基线估计新方法[J].电子学报,2011,39(9):2212-2216.XU Huaping,ZHU Lingfeng,LIU Xianghua,et al.A New Method for Baseline InSAR Baseline Estimation Based on Interference Fringe Frequency[J].Electronic Journal,2011,39(9):2212-2216.(in Chinese)
[11]RICHADR M G,HOWARD A Z,CHARLES L W.Satellite Radar Interferometry:Two-dimensional Phase Unwrapping[J].Radio Science,1998,23(4):713-720.
[12]HU X,WANG T,LIAO M S.Measuring Coseismic Displacements with Point-like Targets Offset Tracking[J].IEEETransactions on Geoscience&Remote Sensing,2013,11(1):283-287.
[13]张笑微.星载SAR影像定位与InSAR中应用有理函数模型的研究[D].郑州:信息工程大学,2013.ZHANG Xiaowei.Research on Spaceborne SAR Image Localization and Applied Rational Function Model in InSAR[D].Zhengzhou:Information Engineering University,2013.(in Chinese)
[14]靳国旺,徐青,朱彩英,等.利用平地干涉相位进行InSAR初始基线估计[J].测绘科学技术学报,2006,23(4):278-280.JIN Guowang,XU Qing,ZHU Caiying,et al.Initial Baseline Estimation of InSAR Using Flat Interference Phase[J].Journal of Surveying and Mapping Science and Technology,2006,23(4):278-280.(in Chinese)
[15]何敏,何秀凤.基于Kalman滤波的InSAR基线估计方法[J].遥感学报,2008,12(1):2 3-27.HE Min,HE Xiufeng.InSAR Baseline Estimation Method Based on Kalman Filtering[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,2008,12(1):23-27.(in Chinese)
[16]黄长军,郭际明,喻小东,等.干涉图EMD-自适应滤波去噪法[J].测绘学报,2003,42(5):707-714.HUANG Changjun,GUO Jiming,YU Xiaodong,et al.Interferogram EMD-Adaptive Filtering De-noising Method[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2003,42(5):707-714.(in Chinese)
[17]王紫燕,袁运斌.一种组合的InSAR数据的相位解缠算法[J].自然科学进展,2008,18(7):833-835.WANG Ziyan,YUAN Yunbin.A Combined Phase Unwrapping Algorithm for InSAR Data[J].Progress in Natural Science,2008,18(7):833-835.(in Chinese)
[18]FLYNN T J.Two-dimensional Phase Unwrapping with Minimum Weighted Discontinuity[J].Journal of the Optical Society of America A,1997,14(10):2692-2701.
[19]KANKAKU Y,OSAWA Y,HATOOKA Y,et al.The Overview of the L-band SAR Onboard ALOS-2[J].Technical Report of IEICE,2010,110(92):117-120.
[20]TORRES R,SONEIJ P,GEUDTNER D,et al.GMES Sentinel-1 Mission[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2012,120(6):9-24.
[21]丁赤飚,刘佳音,雷斌,等.高分三号SAR卫星系统级几何定位精度初探[J].雷达学报,2017,6(1):11-16.DING Chibiao,LIU Jiayin,LEI Bin,et al.Preliminary Study on Geometric Positioning Accuracy of Satellite System[J].Journal of Radar,2017,6(1):11-16.(in Chinese)
[22]邢学敏.CRInSAR与PSInSAR联合监测矿区时序地表形变研究[J].测绘学报,2014,43(8):878.XING Xuemin.CRInSAR and PSInSAR Jointly Monitor the Temporal Surface Deformation of Mining Area[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,2014,43(8):878.(in Chinese)
[23]LU P,CATANI F,TOFANI V,et al.Quantitative Hazard and Risk Assessment for Slow-moving Landslides from Persistent Scatterer Interferometry[J].Landslides,2014,11(4):685-696.
[24]刘国林,郝晓光,薛怀平.InSAR技术的理论与应用研究现状及其展望[J].山东科技大学学报(自然科学版),2004,23(3):1-6.LIU Guolin,HE Xiaoguang,XUE Huaiping.Theoretical and Applied Research and Prospect of InSAR Technology[J].Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2004,23(3):1-6.(in Chinese)
[25]王涛,于海峰,刘杰,等.星载双天线干涉SAR系统总体技术研究[J].航天器工程,2016,25(6):6-12.WANG Tao,YU Haifeng,LIU Jie.et al.Study on the Overall Technique of Spaceborne Dual Antenna Interferometric SARSystem[J].Spacecraft Engineering,2016,25(6):6-12.(in Chinese)