厌氧消化污泥对退化苗圃土壤的改良效果研究
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摘要
通过连续3年施用厌氧消化污泥(ADSS)的土柱试验,测定了土壤基本理化指标和微生物学指标,并分析了土壤中重金属积累特征,以全面评价厌氧消化污泥施用对合肥某退化苗圃土壤的改良效果.结果表明:施用厌氧消化污泥3年后,苗圃土壤质地和理化环境有明显改善,其中土壤中可溶性总盐含量(TDS)下降了67.6%,电导率(EC)降低了45.3%,对因多年种植苗木造成次生盐渍化的苗圃土壤具有较好的改良作用.施用厌氧消化污泥明显(概率P<0.05)增加了土壤中有机质和养分的供给,较无添加厌氧消化污泥相比,3年连续施用厌氧消化污泥后,土壤中有机质增加了77.9%;有效态氮和磷分别增加了110%和95.4%.同时,施用厌氧消化污泥对苗圃土壤微生物生物量和代谢活性也具有显著(P<0.05)的提升作用,其中微生物生物量碳(MBC)较无添加厌氧消化污泥增加了207%;尿酶和碱性磷酸酶活性分别增加了118%和102%.由此表明,施用厌氧消化污泥可以全面提升退化苗圃土壤质量.另外,通过对土壤中主要重金属含量分析表明,连续3年厌氧消化污泥施用后,苗圃土壤中重金属借有所增加,但其含量远低于土壤环境质量二级标准(GB 15618—1995),但是长期施用厌氧消化污泥后的土壤重金属累积特征和生态风险还有待进一步深入研究.
A soil column experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of 3-year consecutive application of anaerobically digested sewage sludge(ADSS)on a degraded soil from a nursery garden in Hefei City, Anhui Province. Soil physiochemical and microbiological parameters were determined,and accumulation characteristics of heavy metals in the soil were also analyzed.The results showed that 3 years after the ADSS addition,soil texture and physicochemical environment were significantly(P<0.05)improved,and the soil total dissolved salt(TDS)content and electric conductivity(EC)were decreased by 67.6% and 45.3%,respectively,which indicates that the ADSS application showed a improved effects on the degraded soil with secondary salinization due to continuous nursery plantation for several years. The application of ADSS significantly(P<0.05)increased soil organic matter content and nutrients supply.After 3-year ADSS application,soil organic matter was increased by 77.9%and the available nitrogen and phosphorus were increased by110% and 95.4%,respectively,as compared with the control(no ADSS addition).At the same time,the ADSS application also significantly(P<0.05)enhanced nursery soil microbial biomass and metabolic activities.As compared to the control,soil microbial biomass carbon(MBC)was increased by 207%,and soil urease and alkaline phosphatase activity were increased by 118% and 102%,respectively.The above results showed that the application of ADSS could improve the degraded nursery soil quality.In addition,the nursery soil with 3-year application of ADSS showed an increase in the contents of heavy metals,but the contents of the determined heavy metals were far lower than the secondary level of soil environmental quality standard of China(GB 15618—1995).However the effects of long-term application of ADSS on accumulation of heavy metals in the nursery soil and its ecological risk need further study.
A soil column experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of 3-year consecutive application of anaerobically digested sewage sludge(ADSS)on a degraded soil from a nursery garden in Hefei City, Anhui Province. Soil physiochemical and microbiological parameters were determined,and accumulation characteristics of heavy metals in the soil were also analyzed.The results showed that 3 years after the ADSS addition,soil texture and physicochemical environment were significantly(P<0.05)improved,and the soil total dissolved salt(TDS)content and electric conductivity(EC)were decreased by 67.6% and 45.3%,respectively,which indicates that the ADSS application showed a improved effects on the degraded soil with secondary salinization due to continuous nursery plantation for several years. The application of ADSS significantly(P<0.05)increased soil organic matter content and nutrients supply.After 3-year ADSS application,soil organic matter was increased by 77.9%and the available nitrogen and phosphorus were increased by110% and 95.4%,respectively,as compared with the control(no ADSS addition).At the same time,the ADSS application also significantly(P<0.05)enhanced nursery soil microbial biomass and metabolic activities.As compared to the control,soil microbial biomass carbon(MBC)was increased by 207%,and soil urease and alkaline phosphatase activity were increased by 118% and 102%,respectively.The above results showed that the application of ADSS could improve the degraded nursery soil quality.In addition,the nursery soil with 3-year application of ADSS showed an increase in the contents of heavy metals,but the contents of the determined heavy metals were far lower than the secondary level of soil environmental quality standard of China(GB 15618—1995).However the effects of long-term application of ADSS on accumulation of heavy metals in the nursery soil and its ecological risk need further study.
引文
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[14]张密密,陈诚,刘广明,等.适宜肥料与改良剂改善盐碱土壤理化特性并提高作物产量[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(10):91.ZHANG Mimi,CHEN Cheng,LIU Guangming,et al.Suitable utilization of fertilizer and soil modifier to ameliorate physicochemical characteristics of saline-alkali soil and increase crop yields[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering(Transactions of the CSAE),2014,30(10):91.
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[17]徐志超,宋彦涛,乌云娜,等.放牧影响下克氏针茅草原不同物候期土壤酶活性与微生物生物量的变化[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(8):2022.XU Zhichao,SONG Yantao,WU Yunna,et al.Effect of grazing intensities on soil enzyme activites and soil microbia biomass of Stipa krylovii steppe in different phenological periods[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2016,35(8):2022.
[18]卢振兰,刘锐敏,白莉萍,等.施用城市污泥对土壤生态系统影响的研究进展[J].生态环境学报,2012,21(1):172.LU Zhenglan,LIU Ruimin,BAI Liping,et al.Advances in research on the effects of municipal sludge application on soil ecosystem[J].Ecology and Environmental Science,2012,21(1):172.
[19]FANG W,DELAPP R C,KOSSON D S,et al.Release of heavy metals during long-term land application of sewage sludge compost:Percolation leaching tests with repeated additions of compost[J].Chemosphere,2017,169(2):271.
[20]国家环境保护局南京环境科学研究所.土壤环境质量标准:GB15618—1995[S].北京:国家环保总局,国家技术监督局,1995.Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science of State Environmental Protection Bureau.Environmental quality standard for soils:GB 15618—1995[S].Beijing:State Environmental Protection Bureau,State Bureau of Technical Supervision,1995.
[21]徐成斌,董兴,黄野,等.城市污泥土地利用的淋溶风险探析[J].河北大学学报(自然科学版),2017,37(1):80.XU Chengbin,DONG Xing,HUNG Ye,et al.A review on leaching risk of land application of urban sewage Sludge[J].Journal of Hebei University(Natural Science Edition),2017,37(1):80.
[2]SINGH R P,AGRAWAL M.Potential benefits and risks of land application of sewage sludge[J].Waste Management,2008,28(2):347.
[3]GROSSER A,NECZAJ E,SINGH B R,et al.Anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge with grease trap sludge and municipal solid waste as co-substrates[J].Environmental Research,2017,155(3):249.
[4]DU H,LI F.Characteristics of dissolved organic matter formed in aerobic and anaerobic digestion of excess activated sludge[J].Chemosphere,2017,168(2):1022.
[5]周立祥,胡霭堂.厌氧消化污泥化学组成及其环境化学性质[J].植物营养与肥料学报,1997,3(2):176.ZHOU Lixiang,HU Aitang.Chemical composition and environmental chemical properties of anaerobic digested sludge[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,1997,3(2):176.
[6]HEIMERSSON S,SVANSTRM M,CEDERBERG C,et al.Improved life cycle modelling of benefits from sewage sludge anaerobic digestion and land application[J].Resources Conservation and Recycling,2017,122(7):126.
[7]上海市政工程研究总院,上海市园林科学研究所,上海市市政排水有限公司,等.城镇污水处理厂污泥处置——园林绿化用泥质:GB/T23486—2009[S].北京:国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化委员会,2009.Shanghai Municipal Engineering Institute,Shanghai Institute of Garden Science,Shanghai Municipal drainage Co.,Ltd.,et al.Disposal of sludge from municipal wastewater treatment—quality of sludge used in gardens or parks:GB/T23486—2009[S].Beijing:General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the PRC,China National Standardization Committee,2009.
[8]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000.LU Rukun.Soil agrochemistry analysis protocols[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Science Press,2000.
[9]林先贵.土壤微生物研究原理与方法[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2010.LIN Xiangui.Principles and methods of soil microbiology research[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2010.
[10]LAGBROTONS A J,GMEZ I,NAVARROPEDREO J.Sewage sludge use in bioenergy production.A case study of its effects on soil properties under Cynara cardunculus L.cultivation[J].Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research,2015,13(1):14.
[11]URBANIAK M,WYRWICKA A,TOLOCZKO W,et al.The effect of sewage sludge application on soil properties and willow(Salix sp.)cultivation[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017,586(3):66.
[12]张强,卜玉山.污泥对不同土壤全氮和有机质及重金属含量的影响[J].山西农业科学,2017,45(3):433.ZHANG Qiang,BU Yushan.Effect of sewage sludge on total nitrogen,organic matter and heavy metals content in different soils[J].Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Science,2017,45(3):433.
[13]ABDULLAH R,CHE F I,WAN R K,et al.Application of raw and composted recycled paper mill sludge on the growth of Khaya senegalensis and their effects on soil nutrients and heavy metals[J].International Journal of Agriculture&Biology,2016,18(1):65.
[14]张密密,陈诚,刘广明,等.适宜肥料与改良剂改善盐碱土壤理化特性并提高作物产量[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(10):91.ZHANG Mimi,CHEN Cheng,LIU Guangming,et al.Suitable utilization of fertilizer and soil modifier to ameliorate physicochemical characteristics of saline-alkali soil and increase crop yields[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering(Transactions of the CSAE),2014,30(10):91.
[15]HERMANS S M,BUCKLEY H L,CASE B S,et al.Bacteria as emerging indicators of soil condition[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2016,83(1):1.
[16]高嵩涓,曹卫东,白金顺,等.长期冬种绿肥改变红壤稻田土壤微生物生物量特性[J].土壤学报,2015,52(4):902.GAO Songjuan,CAO Weidong,BAI Jinshun,et al.Long term application of winter green manures changed the soil microbial biomass properties in red paddy soil[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2015,52(4):902.
[17]徐志超,宋彦涛,乌云娜,等.放牧影响下克氏针茅草原不同物候期土壤酶活性与微生物生物量的变化[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(8):2022.XU Zhichao,SONG Yantao,WU Yunna,et al.Effect of grazing intensities on soil enzyme activites and soil microbia biomass of Stipa krylovii steppe in different phenological periods[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2016,35(8):2022.
[18]卢振兰,刘锐敏,白莉萍,等.施用城市污泥对土壤生态系统影响的研究进展[J].生态环境学报,2012,21(1):172.LU Zhenglan,LIU Ruimin,BAI Liping,et al.Advances in research on the effects of municipal sludge application on soil ecosystem[J].Ecology and Environmental Science,2012,21(1):172.
[19]FANG W,DELAPP R C,KOSSON D S,et al.Release of heavy metals during long-term land application of sewage sludge compost:Percolation leaching tests with repeated additions of compost[J].Chemosphere,2017,169(2):271.
[20]国家环境保护局南京环境科学研究所.土壤环境质量标准:GB15618—1995[S].北京:国家环保总局,国家技术监督局,1995.Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science of State Environmental Protection Bureau.Environmental quality standard for soils:GB 15618—1995[S].Beijing:State Environmental Protection Bureau,State Bureau of Technical Supervision,1995.
[21]徐成斌,董兴,黄野,等.城市污泥土地利用的淋溶风险探析[J].河北大学学报(自然科学版),2017,37(1):80.XU Chengbin,DONG Xing,HUNG Ye,et al.A review on leaching risk of land application of urban sewage Sludge[J].Journal of Hebei University(Natural Science Edition),2017,37(1):80.
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