宁波地区地层温度的原位测试分析
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摘要
气温波动会影响浅部地层温度的分布特征,改变地下工程的环境温度,从而影响轨道建设的设计和施工过程。依托宁波轨道交通3号线勘察工程,对沿线地层温度进行全年原位观测,分析了不同深度地层温度的分布特征,获得了以下基本结论:宁波地区恒温层的起始深度在地表以下10 m,地层温度约为18.7℃。深度5 m以上范围为气温强烈影响区,不同深度的地温差别较大,而5～10 m范围的温差相对较小,该范围地层为气温的微弱影响区。在气温强烈影响区的地层中,夏季和冬季地层温度随着深度的改变而发生明显变化,夏季平均地温约为18.1℃～26.8℃,而冬季平均地温为10.8℃～17.9℃。研究结果表明,地层深度和季节是影响地层温度分布的主要因素,在浅部地层内进行地下工程设计和施工中,要考虑气温对地层温度的影响。
Atmospheric temperature fluctuation affects the design and construction process of track construction because of the changes of the environmental temperature in underground engineering,which affects the shallow stratum temperature distribution. Based on the investigation of No. 3 line in Ningbo rail transit,the formation temperature along the line was tested in situ for more than a year. Conclusions are obtained by analyzing the distribution characteristics of formation temperature at different depths. Firstly,the temperature is about 18.7 ℃ in the stratum blow 10 m,which is the isothermal layer in different seasons. Secondly,the temperature difference at different depths is large in the formation above 5 m,because the temperature distribution is strongly affected by atmospheric temperature. However,the temperature difference between 5 ～ 10 m is small,and the affection of atmospheric temperature in this range is weak. Thirdly,the formation temperature difference along the depth direction is obviously in the summer and winter period in the formation above 5 m. In the summer the average temperature in the formation above 5 m is about 18.1 ℃ ～ 26.8 ℃,while it is 10.8 ℃ ～ 17.9 ℃ in winter. The results show that the formation depth and season period are the main factors affecting the distribution of stratum temperature,and the influence of temperature on the formation temperature should be taken into account in the construction of underground engineering.
Atmospheric temperature fluctuation affects the design and construction process of track construction because of the changes of the environmental temperature in underground engineering,which affects the shallow stratum temperature distribution. Based on the investigation of No. 3 line in Ningbo rail transit,the formation temperature along the line was tested in situ for more than a year. Conclusions are obtained by analyzing the distribution characteristics of formation temperature at different depths. Firstly,the temperature is about 18.7 ℃ in the stratum blow 10 m,which is the isothermal layer in different seasons. Secondly,the temperature difference at different depths is large in the formation above 5 m,because the temperature distribution is strongly affected by atmospheric temperature. However,the temperature difference between 5 ～ 10 m is small,and the affection of atmospheric temperature in this range is weak. Thirdly,the formation temperature difference along the depth direction is obviously in the summer and winter period in the formation above 5 m. In the summer the average temperature in the formation above 5 m is about 18.1 ℃ ～ 26.8 ℃,while it is 10.8 ℃ ～ 17.9 ℃ in winter. The results show that the formation depth and season period are the main factors affecting the distribution of stratum temperature,and the influence of temperature on the formation temperature should be taken into account in the construction of underground engineering.
引文
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[2]肖琳,杨成奎,胡增辉,等.地铁隧道围岩内温度分布规律的模型试验及其热导率反算研究[J].岩土力学,2010,31(增2):86-91.(Xiao Lin,Yang Chengkui,Hu Zenghui,et al. Model test on temperature distribution in metro tunnel surrounding rock and inverse calculation of its thermal conductivity[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(Supp.2):86-91.(in Chinese))
[3]祁良,郑荣跃,陶海冰,等.考虑温度影响的宁波软土临界状态参数研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2015,42(5):79-83.(Qi Liang,Zheng Rongyue,Tao Haibing,et al. A study of the critical state parameter of the Ningbo soft clay considering the effect of temperature[J]. Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2015,42(5):79-83.(in Chinese))
[4]刘彩波,胡安焱,黄景锐,等.西安市浅层地温场特征及其影响因素分析[J].地下水,2013,35(2):30-32.(Liu Caibo,Hu Anyan,Huang Jingrui,et al.Characteristics of shallow geothermal field and its influencing factors in Xi’an[J]. Groundwater,2013,35(2):30-32.(in Chinese))
[5]潘玉亮,徐伟.土壤源热泵系统地下温度场变化规律分析与探讨[J].建筑科学,2010,26(12):92-96.(Pan Yuliang,Xu Wei. Analysis and discussion on variation patterns of soil temperature field of groundcoupled heat pump system[J]. Building Science,2010,26(12):92-96.(in Chinese))
[6]张婷,杨平.不同因素对浅表土导热系数影响的试验研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2012,8(6):1233-1238.(Zhang Ting,Yang Ping. Effect of different factors on the heat conduction coefficient of shallow top soil[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2012,8(6):1233-1238.(in Chinese))
[7]石荣剑,岳丰田,张勇,等.液氮冻结管壁温度的分布规律[J].中国矿业大学学报,2013,31(1):12-18.(Shi Rongjian,Yue Fengtian,Zhang Yong,et al.Temperature distribution law of freezing pipe wall in liquid nitrogen freezing[J]. Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2013,31(1):12-18.(in Chinese))
[8]王兆瑞,许鹏.地面表层温度场及隧道排水沟埋置深度设计探讨[J].地下空间与工程学报,2015,11(1):149-155.(Wang Zhaorui,Xu Peng. Study on temperature field of ground surface and discussion of tunnel centre drains depth design in cold region[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2015,11(1):149-155.(in Chinese))
[9]李晓昭,熊志勇,乔恒君,等.地铁隧道围岩传热规律的监测分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2012,8(1):105-110.(Li Xiaozhao,Xiong Zhiyong,Qiao Hengjun,et al. Monitoring and analysis of heat transfer through surrounding rocks of subway tunnel[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2012,8(1):105-110.(in Chinese))
[10]虞岳明,樊海兵,曲方,等.原始地温浅孔测温方法探讨及应用[J].山西煤炭,2007,27(4):50-53.(Yu Yueming,Fan Haibing,Qu Fang,et al. A Shallow-hole temperature-measuring method to original rock temperature[J]. Shanxi Coal,2007,27(4):50-53.(in Chinese))
[11]金旭,陈晓冬,管彦武.气候变化对浅层地温测量影响的改正[J].地球学报,2004,25(5):579-582.(Jin Xu,Chen Xiaodong,Guan Yanwu. The correction of the influence of climatic change upon geotemperature measurement at shallow layer[J]. Acta Geoscien Ticasinica,2004,25(5):579-582.(in Chinese))
[12]刘晓燕,赵军,石成,等.土壤恒温层温度及深度研究[J].太阳能学报,2007,28(5):494-497.(Liu Xiaoyan,Zhao Jun,Shi Cheng,et al. Study on soil layer of constant temperature[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2007,28(5):494-497.(in Chinese))
[13]任建喜,韩强,高虎艳,等.西安地铁沿线地层地温春季分布规律观测研究[J].铁道工程学报,2012(3):101-106:(Ren Jianxi,Liu Jiahui,Gao Huyan,et al. Study on distribution law and observation of ground temperature in spring along Xi’an subway[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2012(3):101-106.(in Chinese))
[14]任建喜,高廷廷,冯晓光,等.西安地铁沿线地层秋季地温分布规律原位观测分析[J].现代隧道技术,2013,50(4):146-151:(Ren Jianxi,Gao Yanyan,Feng Xiaoguang,et al. In-situ observation and analysis of ground temperature distribution patterns in autumn along the Xi’an metro[J]. Modern Tunnelling Technology,2013,50(4):146-151.(in Chinese))
[15]瞿成松,曹袁,徐丹.上海新江湾地区浅层地温场初步分析[J].工程建设与设计,2013(5):90-91.(Qu Chengsong,Cao Yuan,Xu Dan. Preliminary analysis of the shallow geothermal field at the Xinjiangwan area in Shanghai[J]. Construction&Design for Project,2013(5):90-91.(in Chinese))
[16]瞿成松,陈海洋,曹袁,等.上海第四纪地层温度场分布特征与影响因素分析[J].上海国土资源,2013,34(3):73-76:(Qu Chengsong,Chen Haiyang,Cao Yuan,et al. Characteristics of causes and variation in shallow geothermal field temperature in the Shanghai area[J]. Shanghai Land&Resources,2013,34(3):73-76.(in Chinese))
[17]王树刚,朱颖心,江亿.北京地铁热环境壁面热流的实测与分析[J].地下工程与隧道,1997(3):32-37:(Wang Shugang,Zhu Yingxin,Jiang Yi. Measurement and analysis of wall heat flux of thermal environment in Beijing metro[J]. Underground Engineering and Tunnel,1997(3):32-37.(in Chinese))
[18]裴海瑛,姜爱军,叶香.南京市区不同下垫面对近地层温度影响[J].气象科学,2011,31(6):777-783.(Pei Haiying, Jiang Aijun, Ye Xiang. Impacts of different underlying surfaces over urban district in Nanjing on surface layer temperature[J]. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2011,31(6):777-783.(in Chinese))
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