采用胚挽救获得Ogura CMS甘蓝与甘蓝型油菜的种间杂种
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摘要
为将甘蓝型油菜细胞质雄性不育系(Ogura CMS)的恢复基因转至甘蓝Ogura CMS材料上,以6份甘蓝Ogura CMS材料为母本,以含恢复基因的甘蓝型油菜为父本,人工杂交结合胚挽救培养,研究取材时期、培养基成分和杂交组合对胚珠成苗的影响,同时对胚挽救培养获得的植株是否为真实F1杂种进行鉴定。结果发现,胚珠培养以剥蕾授粉后16d取材时胚珠成苗数最多,成苗率为4.56%;培养基以MS+GA 0.1 mg·L~(-1)+NAA 0.1 mg·L~(-1)+0.5%水解酪蛋白(CH)+0.5%活性炭(AC)成苗效果最好,成苗率高达6.24%;M09CMS×RFO-46组合成苗数最多,成苗率为5.96%。67株胚挽救培养得到的植株经流式细胞仪、SSR分子标记和形态学鉴定,得出65株为真杂种,真杂种率高达97%。
In order to transfer the Ogura CMS restorer gene of Brassica napus to the Ogura CMS lines of Brassica oleracea,6 Ogura CMS lines of cabbage and the B. napus which contained the restorer gene were used as the female and male parents respectively to obtain the F1 generation through embryo rescue culture and the artificial hybridization technology,and their authenticity was also identified. Investigation was carried out on the factors which could affect ovule seedling formation,including sampling time,medium composition and cross combination. The results showed that the ovular seedling formation efficiency was the highest while using ovules 16 d after pollination,altogether the seedling rate was 4.56%. The medium of MS + GA 0.1 mg · L~(-1) + NAA 0.1 mg · L~(-1) + 0.5% casein hydrolyzate + 0.5% activated carbon,had the best seedling growing-up with the seedling rate as high as 6.24%. The cross combination of M09 CMS × RFO-46 generated the most F_1 generation seedlings with the 5.96% seedlingrate. Sixty five out of 67 F_1 generation seedlings were identified as the true hybrids through flow cytometry,SSR molecular markers and morphological identification,accounting for 97%.
In order to transfer the Ogura CMS restorer gene of Brassica napus to the Ogura CMS lines of Brassica oleracea,6 Ogura CMS lines of cabbage and the B. napus which contained the restorer gene were used as the female and male parents respectively to obtain the F1 generation through embryo rescue culture and the artificial hybridization technology,and their authenticity was also identified. Investigation was carried out on the factors which could affect ovule seedling formation,including sampling time,medium composition and cross combination. The results showed that the ovular seedling formation efficiency was the highest while using ovules 16 d after pollination,altogether the seedling rate was 4.56%. The medium of MS + GA 0.1 mg · L~(-1) + NAA 0.1 mg · L~(-1) + 0.5% casein hydrolyzate + 0.5% activated carbon,had the best seedling growing-up with the seedling rate as high as 6.24%. The cross combination of M09 CMS × RFO-46 generated the most F_1 generation seedlings with the 5.96% seedlingrate. Sixty five out of 67 F_1 generation seedlings were identified as the true hybrids through flow cytometry,SSR molecular markers and morphological identification,accounting for 97%.
引文
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Dolezel J.2005.Plant DNA flow cytometry and estimation of nuclear genome size.Annals of Botany,95(1):99-110.
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Goldy R G,Amborn U.1987.In vitro culturability of ovules from 10 seedless grape clones.Hortscience,22(5):952.
Gu Ai-xia,Zhao Yu-jing,Qie Li-juan,Xuan Shu-xin,Wang Yan-hua,Shen Shu-xing.2008.Production and SSR identificayion and GISH analysis of interspecific hybrids between diploid Chinese cabbage and tetraploid cabbage.Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,9(2):144-150.(in Chinese)顾爱侠,赵玉靖,郄丽娟,轩淑欣,王彦华,申书兴.2008.二倍体大白菜与四倍体结球甘蓝杂种的获得及其SSR鉴定与GISH分析.植物遗传资源学报,9(2):144-150.
Hu Da-you,Wang Ai-yun,Wu Jin-hua.2008.Study on intergenic cross of Brassica nigra and Orychophragmus violaceus.Seed,27(5):10-13.(in Chinese)胡大有,王爱云,吴金花.2008.黑芥与诸葛菜远缘杂交研究.种子,27(5):10-13.
Hu Q,Hansen L J,Dixelius C,Andersen S B.2002.Intergeneric hybrids between Brassica napus and Orychophragmus violaceus containing traits of agronomic importance for oilseed rape breeding.Theoretical&Applied Genetics,105(6-7):834-840.
Hu Xin-min,Li Xi-xiang,Liang Yan,Fang Zhi-yuan,Shen Di,Qiu Yang.2009.Optimization of technology for embryo recue in distant hyridization between cabbage and radish.Chinese vegetables,(10):7-12.(in Chinese)扈新民,李锡香,梁燕,方智远,沈镝,邱杨.2009.甘蓝与萝卜属间杂交及其胚挽救技术优化.中国蔬菜,(10):7-12.
Jia Si-qi,Wang Chao.2016.Progress on the distant hybridization of Brassica crops through in-vitro culture of ovaries.Journal of Northern Agriculture,44(3):110-114.(in Chinese)贾思齐,王超.2016.芸薹属作物远缘杂交子房离体培养的研究进展.北方农业学报,44(3):110-114.
Jiang Zhen,Zhang Xiao-hui,Jiang Lei,Qiu Yang,Cheng Fei,Li Xi-xiang.2014.Identification of intergeneric hybrids between broccoli(Brassica oleracea L.var italica Plenck.)and Radish(Raphanus sativus L.)by morphological traits and SSR marker.2014.Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,15(4):859-864.(in Chinese)蒋振,张晓辉,蒋磊,邱杨,程斐,李锡香.2014.青花菜与萝卜属间杂种的表型和分子鉴定.植物遗传资源学报,15(4):859-864.
Ke Gui-lan,Zhao Zhi-ya,Song Yan-zhi,Zhang Lu-gang,Zhao Li-min.1992.Breeding and application of heterogeneous cytoplasmic male sterile line CMS 3411-7 in Chinese cabbage.Acta Horticulturae Sinica,19(4):333-340.(in Chinese)柯桂兰,赵稚雅,宋胭脂,张鲁刚,赵利民.1992.大白菜异源胞质雄性不育系CMS 3411-7的选育及应用.园艺学报,19(4):333-340.
Liu Yan-fang.2011.Cruciferous plants bariers of distant hybridization.Beijing Agriculture,(18):55-57.(in Chinese)刘艳芳.2011.十字花科植物远缘杂交障碍的研究.北京农业,(18):55-57.
Luo Peng,Fu Hua-long,Lan Ze-qu,Zhou Song-dong,Zhou Hong-fang,Luo Qing.2003.Hytogenetic studies on intergeneric hybridization between Brassica napus and Matthiola incana.Acta Botanica Sinica,45(4):432-436.(in Chinese)罗鹏,傅华龙,蓝泽蘧,周颂东,周洪芳,罗晴.2003.甘蓝型油菜与紫罗兰属间杂交的植物遗传学研究.植物学报(英文版),45(4):432-436.
Ponce M T,Agüero C B,Gregori M T,Tizio R,Bouquet A,Boursiquot J M.2000.Factors affecting the development of stenospermic grape(Vitis vinifera)embryos cultured in vitro.Acta Horticulturae,(528):667-672.
Primard-Brisset C,Delourme R,Poupard J P,Horvais R,Budar F,Pelletier G,Renard M.2012.Method of producing double low restorer lines of Brassica napus having a good agronomic value.,US8097776 B2.
Saghaimaro of M A,Soliman K M,Jorgensen R A,Allard R W.1984.Ribosomal DNA spacer-length polymorphisms in barley:mendelian inheritance,chromosomal location,and population dynamics.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,81(24):8014-8018.
Shi Xing-xing,Ji Xiao-hong,Zhang Lei,Lv Qian-qian,Liu Ya-ting,Wang Yu-gang,Feng Hui.2015.Authenticity and purity of heading cabbage hybrids identified by SSR markers.Molecular Plant Breeding,13(2):331-337.(in Chinese)石星星,纪小红,张磊,吕茜茜,刘亚婷,王玉刚,冯辉.2015.利用SSR标记鉴定结球甘蓝杂交种真实性及纯度.分子植物育种,13(2):331-337.
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