不同噪声模式下声调对听力正常青年言语识别能力的影响
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摘要
目的通过评价听力正常青年在安静和不同噪声环境下聆听自然声调和平声调语句的言语识别能力,探讨汉语声调对噪声环境下言语识别能力的影响。方法对20例听力正常青年受试者,使用汉语普通话噪声下言语测试材料,分别在安静环境和信噪比为+5、0、-5 dB的语谱噪声(speech-shaped noise, SSN)下,以及双人语噪声(two-talkers babbles, TTB)环境下进行自然声调和平声调语句的言语识别能力测试,比较不同噪声模式下言语识别率的差异。结果在安静环境和信噪比为+5、0 dB的两种噪声模式下,听力正常受试者聆听自然声调语句和平声调语句的言语识别率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);信噪比为-5 dB时,两种噪声模式下受试者对自然声调语句的言语识别率显著高于平声调语句(P<0.05);双人语噪声下聆听平声调语句的言语识别率显著高于语谱噪声下的言语识别率(P<0.05)。结论与双人语噪声相比,在语谱噪声下聆听时,声调信息对言语识别能力贡献更大。
Objective This study aims to explore the importance of lexical tone in the sentence recognition under different noise patterns and SNRs.Methods The Mandarin hearing in noise test was used as speech test materials. Twenty subjects(10 males and 10 females) with normal hearing were recruited in the study. The average age was 22.41±1.84 years old. They were assessed with speech recognition scores(SRS) for both natural-tone sentences and flat-tone sentences under the conditions of quiet, SNRs=5 dB, 0 dB and-5 dB. The speech-shaped noise(SSN) and two-talkers noise(TTB) were used in the study. The Mann-Whitney test in SPSS 21.0 software was applied to analyze the differences of SRS between the sentences with natural tone and with flat tone under the both quiet and different noise conditions.Results There were no significant differences in SRS between natural-tone sentences and flat-tone sentences in quiet, SNR=5 dB, and SNR=0 dB conditions(P>0.05) for both SSN and TTB conditions. There were significant differences in SRS between natural-tone sentences and flat-tone sentences in SNR=-5 dB for both SSN and TTB conditions(P<0.05). The speech recognition scores with flat-tone sentences in two-talker noise were significantly higher than that in speech-shaped noise( P<0.05).Conclusion In comparison with two-talker noise, the lexical tone contributes more to the speech recognition in speech-shaped noise.
Objective This study aims to explore the importance of lexical tone in the sentence recognition under different noise patterns and SNRs.Methods The Mandarin hearing in noise test was used as speech test materials. Twenty subjects(10 males and 10 females) with normal hearing were recruited in the study. The average age was 22.41±1.84 years old. They were assessed with speech recognition scores(SRS) for both natural-tone sentences and flat-tone sentences under the conditions of quiet, SNRs=5 dB, 0 dB and-5 dB. The speech-shaped noise(SSN) and two-talkers noise(TTB) were used in the study. The Mann-Whitney test in SPSS 21.0 software was applied to analyze the differences of SRS between the sentences with natural tone and with flat tone under the both quiet and different noise conditions.Results There were no significant differences in SRS between natural-tone sentences and flat-tone sentences in quiet, SNR=5 dB, and SNR=0 dB conditions(P>0.05) for both SSN and TTB conditions. There were significant differences in SRS between natural-tone sentences and flat-tone sentences in SNR=-5 dB for both SSN and TTB conditions(P<0.05). The speech recognition scores with flat-tone sentences in two-talker noise were significantly higher than that in speech-shaped noise( P<0.05).Conclusion In comparison with two-talker noise, the lexical tone contributes more to the speech recognition in speech-shaped noise.
引文
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8 张家騄, 齐士钤, 宋美珍,等. 汉语声调在言语可懂度中的重要作用[J]. 声学学报, 1981(4):31.
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10 Lorenzi C, Gilbert G, Carn H, et al. Speech perception problems of the hearing impaired reflect inability to use temporal fine structure[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2006, 103:18866.
11 Wang S, Mannell R, Xu L. Relative contributions of temporal envelope and fine structure cues to lexical tone recognition in hearing-impaired listeners[J].Journal of the Association for the Research in Otolaryngology,2011,12:783.
12 王硕. 感音神经性听力损失对患者使用时域包络与精细结构信息感知言语的影响[J]. 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志, 2013, 48:171.
2 张宁, 刘莎,徐娟娟,等. 儿童版普通话噪声下言语测试年龄特异性校准因子的建立[J]. 听力学及言语疾病杂志,2012, 20: 97.
3 董瑞娟,王硕,刘冬鑫,等.听神经病谱系障碍患者噪声下言语识别能力研究[J]. 中华耳科学杂志,2015, 13:704.
4 Chen F, Wong LLN, Hu Y. Effects of lexical tone contour on Mandarin sentence intelligibility[J]. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2014,1: 338.
5 Wang J, Shu H, Zhang L, et al. The roles of fundamental frequency contours and sentence context in Mandarin Chinese speech intelligibility[J]. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2013, 134:EL91.
6 Watson PJ, Schlauch RS. The effect of fundamental frequency on the intelligibility of speech with flattened intonation contours[J].American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 2008, 17:348.
7 Hickok G, Poeppel D. The cortical organization of speech processing[J]. Nat Rev Neurosci, 2007, 8:393.
8 张家騄, 齐士钤, 宋美珍,等. 汉语声调在言语可懂度中的重要作用[J]. 声学学报, 1981(4):31.
9 Füllgrabe C, Berthommier F, Lorenzi C. Masking release for consonant features in temporally fluctuating background noise[J]. Hearing Research, 2006,211: 74.
10 Lorenzi C, Gilbert G, Carn H, et al. Speech perception problems of the hearing impaired reflect inability to use temporal fine structure[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2006, 103:18866.
11 Wang S, Mannell R, Xu L. Relative contributions of temporal envelope and fine structure cues to lexical tone recognition in hearing-impaired listeners[J].Journal of the Association for the Research in Otolaryngology,2011,12:783.
12 王硕. 感音神经性听力损失对患者使用时域包络与精细结构信息感知言语的影响[J]. 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志, 2013, 48:171.