GNSS海面反射信号的三维建模方法
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摘要
全球导航卫星系统反射(GNSS-R)技术应用中需GNSS-R信号模拟器来测试反射信号接收机,以降低成本。为此,提出了一种基于双基雷达原理的全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)海面反射信号建模方法。首先,分析了GNSS-R双基雷达遥感原理,根据延迟和多普勒频率在海面的分布特点,选择海面的反射点,并计算相应反射单元的面积;然后,对散射系数进行了计算;最后,对多条反射信号的合路信号进行相关的仿真验证。验证结果表明:模拟的海面反射信号的相关功率曲线与ZV模型理论曲线的相关系数优于0.92,能够有效地用于GNSS海面反射信号的生成。
In the application of global navigation satellite system-reflection(GNSS-R) technology,the GNSS-R signal simulator is needed to test the reflection signal receiver in order to reduce costs.A modeling method of global navigation satellite system(GNSS) sea surface reflection signal based on the principle of bistatic radar is presented.First,the remote sensing principle of GNSS-R bistatic radar was analyzed.Then,according to the distribution characteristics of the delay and the Doppler frequency on the sea surface,the reflection points of the sea surface were selected,and the area of corresponding reflection units was calculated.Subsequently,the calculation of the scattering coefficient was carried out.Finally,the simulation verification of the multiple combined signals was conducted.The simulation results indicate that the correlation coefficient of the simulated ocean reflection signal's correlation power curve and the theoretical curve of the ZV model is better than 0.92,which can be used to generate the GNSS ocean reflection signal effectively.
In the application of global navigation satellite system-reflection(GNSS-R) technology,the GNSS-R signal simulator is needed to test the reflection signal receiver in order to reduce costs.A modeling method of global navigation satellite system(GNSS) sea surface reflection signal based on the principle of bistatic radar is presented.First,the remote sensing principle of GNSS-R bistatic radar was analyzed.Then,according to the distribution characteristics of the delay and the Doppler frequency on the sea surface,the reflection points of the sea surface were selected,and the area of corresponding reflection units was calculated.Subsequently,the calculation of the scattering coefficient was carried out.Finally,the simulation verification of the multiple combined signals was conducted.The simulation results indicate that the correlation coefficient of the simulated ocean reflection signal's correlation power curve and the theoretical curve of the ZV model is better than 0.92,which can be used to generate the GNSS ocean reflection signal effectively.
引文
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[14]ELFOUHAILY T,THOMPSON D R,LINDSTROM L.DelayDoppler analysis of bistatical reflected signals from the ocean surface:Theory and application[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2002,40(3):560-573.
[15]ELFOUHAILY T,CHAPRON B,KATSAROS K,et al.A unified directional spectrum for and short wind-driven waves[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans,1997,104(C7):15781-15796.
[16]杨东凯,丁文锐,张其善.软件定义的GNSS反射信号接收机设计[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2009,35(9):1048-1051.YANG D K,DING W R,ZHANG Q S.Software defined GNSS reflections receiver design[J].Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2009,35(9):1048-1051(in Chinese).
[17]ZAVOROTNY V,VORONOVICH A.Scattering of GPS signals from the ocean with wind remote sensing application[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2000,38(2):951-964.
[2]SHAH R,GARRISON J L,GRANT M S.Demonstration of bistatic radar for ocean remote sensing using communication satellite signals[J].IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters,2012,9(4):619-623.
[3]MASHBURN J,AXELRAD P,LOWE S T,et al.An assessment of the precision and accuracy of altimetry retrievals for a Monterey Bay GNSS-R experiment[J].IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing,2016,9(10):4660-4668.
[4]SOISUVARN S,JELENAK Z,SAID F,et al.The GNSS reflectometry response to the ocean surface winds and waves[J].IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing,2016,9(10):4678-4699.
[5]VALENCIA E,ZAVOROTNY V U,AKOS D M,et al.Using DDM asymmetry metrics for wind direction retrieval from GPS ocean-scattered signals in airborne experiments[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2014,52(7):3924-3936.
[6]ZHANG Y,TIAN L M,MENG W T,et al.Feasibility of codelevel altimetry using coastal Bei Dou reflection(Bei Dou-R)setups[J].IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing,2015,8(8):4130-4140.
[7]CARRENO-LUENGO H,PARK H,CAMPS A,et al.Submeter ocean altimetry with GPS L1 C/A signal[C]∥2012 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium(IGARSS).Piscataway,NJ:IEEE Press,2012:7071-7074.
[8]GLEASON S,GEBRE-EGZIABHER D.GNSS applications and methods[M].Norwood:Artech House,2009:399-433.
[9]杨东凯,张其善.GNSS反射信号处理基础与实践[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2012:165-174.YANG D K,ZHANG Q S.GNSS reflected signal processing:Fundamentals and applications[M].Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2012:165-174(in Chinese).
[10]白永星.利用GNSS-R信号反演土壤湿度的关键技术研究[D].北京:北京航空航天大学,2013.BAI Y X.Study on soil moisture remote sensing using GNSS-R signals[D].Beijing:Beihang University,2013(in Chinese).
[11]谢钢.全球导航卫星系统原理——GPS、格洛纳斯和伽利略系统[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2013:288-289.XIE G.Principles of GNSS:GPS,GLONASS,and Galileo[M].Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2013:288-289(in Chinese).
[12]祁永强,张波,杨东凯,等.基于双基雷达原理的GNSS海面反射信号建模方法[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2017,43(8):1610-1615.QI Y Q,ZHANG B,YANG D K,et al.GNSS sea surface reflection signal modeling method based on the principle of bistatic radar[J].Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2017,43(8):1610-1615(in Chinese).
[13]MAURICE W L.Radar reflectivity of land and sea[M].Boston:Artech House,2001:65-94.
[14]ELFOUHAILY T,THOMPSON D R,LINDSTROM L.DelayDoppler analysis of bistatical reflected signals from the ocean surface:Theory and application[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2002,40(3):560-573.
[15]ELFOUHAILY T,CHAPRON B,KATSAROS K,et al.A unified directional spectrum for and short wind-driven waves[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans,1997,104(C7):15781-15796.
[16]杨东凯,丁文锐,张其善.软件定义的GNSS反射信号接收机设计[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2009,35(9):1048-1051.YANG D K,DING W R,ZHANG Q S.Software defined GNSS reflections receiver design[J].Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2009,35(9):1048-1051(in Chinese).
[17]ZAVOROTNY V,VORONOVICH A.Scattering of GPS signals from the ocean with wind remote sensing application[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2000,38(2):951-964.
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