气溶胶γ核素测量技术水平评估
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摘要
评估了全国辐射环境监测网络气溶胶γ核素的测量技术水平,对24家成员单位的考核结果统计分析表明,~(137)Cs、~(238)U、~(60)Co、~(133)Ba测量结果的合格率分别为92.0%、60.0%、64.0%、70.8%,总体合格率为71.7%;各核素的测量结果均不同程度地存在系统负误差,特别是低能γ核素~(238)U的测量相对误差近15%,可采用反康普顿谱仪加以改善。
The measurement capability of gamma nuclides in aerosol was evaluated. The evaluative results of 24 units showed that the qualification rate of~(137) Cs,~(238)U,~(60)Co and~(133)Ba were 92. 0%,60. 0%,64. 0% and70. 8% respectively,and the total qualification rate of four nuclides was 71. 7%. Negative system errors were found to some degrees in the measurement results of nuclides,especially in low energy gamma ray~(238) U,the relative error was close to 15%,which could be improved by using the anti-Compton spectrometer.
The measurement capability of gamma nuclides in aerosol was evaluated. The evaluative results of 24 units showed that the qualification rate of~(137) Cs,~(238)U,~(60)Co and~(133)Ba were 92. 0%,60. 0%,64. 0% and70. 8% respectively,and the total qualification rate of four nuclides was 71. 7%. Negative system errors were found to some degrees in the measurement results of nuclides,especially in low energy gamma ray~(238) U,the relative error was close to 15%,which could be improved by using the anti-Compton spectrometer.
引文
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[2]周程,张起虹,蒋云平,等.日本核泄漏期间南京地区空气中放射性气溶胶的监测与评价[J].环境监测管理与技术,2011,23(5):43-45.
[3]陈亮.大气中放射性气溶胶滤膜过滤效率的测定[J].资源节约与环保,2013,31(10):66.
[4]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 27043—2012合格评定能力验证的通用要求[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2012.
[5]陆继根,王凤英.γ能谱仪对1995年固体样的比对试验[J].环境监测管理与技术,1997,9(4):23-27.
[6]张佳媚,常永富,师全林,等.一台反康普顿HPGeγ谱仪的性能改造和应用[J].核电子学和探测技术,2004,24(2):172-176.