受控生态环境小麦的生长发育动态及生物学特性
|
摘要
目的利用"绿航星际"4人180天受控生态生保系统(Controlled Ecological Life Support System,CELSS)试验平台,研究小麦在受控生态生保系统中的生长发育动态和生物学特性,为小麦植物部件在该系统的工程应用积累数据。方法对小麦(Wt03)全生育期不同生长天数的重要性状和生物量积累情况进行动态监测,并比较小麦在受控生态环境下与大田的生物学特性差异,全面观察和记录小麦在CELSS中的生长发育特性。结果从移栽后15 d到85 d,小麦的总生物量积累从209.15 g/m2增长到2379.59 g/m2,收获可食部分干重13.41 g/(m2·d)。相比大田环境,小麦在受控生态环境下的生育期相对缩短,其性状上株高明显变矮,单穗重下降,但旗叶变大,单株有效穗增多,产量比大田提高53%。结论该小麦品种在密闭系统中有良好的适应性,产量较高,适合用作受控生态生保系统生物部件。
Objective Through the "SPACEnter"project,a 4-subject 180-day integration experiment,to better understand the dynamics of wheat growth development and biological characteristics in the controlled ecological life support system(CELSS),and to accumulate data for its engineering application of the biological component to the system.Methods The important traits and biomass accumulation of wheat(Wt03) in different growth period was dynamically monitored and the biological characteristics in CELSS environment were compared with that of the field.The growth characteristics of wheat in CELSS were comprehensively observed and recorded.Results From the 15th to 85th day after transplant,the total biomass accumulation increased from 209.15 g/m~2 to 2379.59 g/m~2 and the edible dry biomass was 13.41 g/(m~2·d).As compared with the field environment,the wheat had shorter growth duration,shorter plant height and lighter ear,but greater flag leave and more effective spikes per plant.Moreover,the yield had a 53% increase.Conclusion Wheat(Wt03)has good adaptability and yield in the closed system.It is suitable for use as a biological component in CELSS.
Objective Through the "SPACEnter"project,a 4-subject 180-day integration experiment,to better understand the dynamics of wheat growth development and biological characteristics in the controlled ecological life support system(CELSS),and to accumulate data for its engineering application of the biological component to the system.Methods The important traits and biomass accumulation of wheat(Wt03) in different growth period was dynamically monitored and the biological characteristics in CELSS environment were compared with that of the field.The growth characteristics of wheat in CELSS were comprehensively observed and recorded.Results From the 15th to 85th day after transplant,the total biomass accumulation increased from 209.15 g/m~2 to 2379.59 g/m~2 and the edible dry biomass was 13.41 g/(m~2·d).As compared with the field environment,the wheat had shorter growth duration,shorter plant height and lighter ear,but greater flag leave and more effective spikes per plant.Moreover,the yield had a 53% increase.Conclusion Wheat(Wt03)has good adaptability and yield in the closed system.It is suitable for use as a biological component in CELSS.
引文
[1]Wheeler RM,Stutte GW,Yorio NC,et al.Plant Growth and Human Life Support for Space Travel[M].In:Pessarakli M(ed)Handbook of Plant and Crop Physiology,2nd Edn.New York:Marcel Dekker Inc.,2001:925-941.
[2]Wheeler RM.Agriculture for space:people and places paving the way[J].Open Agriculture,2017,2:14-32.
[3]Mac Elroy RD,Bredt J.Current concepts and future directions of CELSS[J].Advances in Space Research,1984,4(12):221-229.
[4]Ferl R,Wheeler R,Levine HG,et al.Plants in space[J].Current Opinion in Plant Biology,2002,5(3):258-263.
[5]Guo SS,Mao RX,Zhang LC,et al.Progress and prospect of research on controlled ecological life support technique[J].REACH-Reviews in Human Space Exploration,2017,6:1-10.
[6]Dai K,Yu Q,Zhang Z,et al.Aromatic hydrocarbons in a controlled ecological life support system during a 4-person-180-day integrated experiment[J].Science of the Total Environment,2018,610:905-911.
[7]Guerra D,Anderson AJ,Salisbury FB.Reduced phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and tyrosine ammonia-lyase activities and lignin synthesis in wheat grown under low pressure sodium lamps[J].Plant Physiology,1985,78(1):126-130.
[8]Wheeler RM,Peterson BV,Sager JC,et al.Ethlene production by plants in a closed environment[J].Advances in Space Research,1996,18(4/5):193-196.
[9]Stasiak M,Gidzinski D,Jordan M,et al.Crop selection for advanced life support systems in the ESA MELi SSA program:Durum wheat(Triticum turgidum var durum)[J].Advances in Space Research,2012,49(12):1684-1690.
[10]沈韫赜,郭双生,艾为党,等.密闭系统中光强和光照时间对小麦的交互作用[J].航天医学与医学工程,2014,27(4):280-285.Shen Y,Guo S,Ai WD.Interactive effects of light intensity and illumination time on wheat in closed system[J].Space Medicine and Medical Engineering,2014,27(4):280-285.
[11]Khan AJ,Azam F,Ali A.Relationship of morphological traits and grain yield in recombinant inbred wheat lines grown under drought conditions[J].Pakistan Journal of Botany,2010,42(1):259-267.
[12]Page V,Feller U.Selection and hydroponic growth of bread wheat cultivars for bioregenerative life support systems[J].Advances in Space Research,2013,52(3):536-546.
[2]Wheeler RM.Agriculture for space:people and places paving the way[J].Open Agriculture,2017,2:14-32.
[3]Mac Elroy RD,Bredt J.Current concepts and future directions of CELSS[J].Advances in Space Research,1984,4(12):221-229.
[4]Ferl R,Wheeler R,Levine HG,et al.Plants in space[J].Current Opinion in Plant Biology,2002,5(3):258-263.
[5]Guo SS,Mao RX,Zhang LC,et al.Progress and prospect of research on controlled ecological life support technique[J].REACH-Reviews in Human Space Exploration,2017,6:1-10.
[6]Dai K,Yu Q,Zhang Z,et al.Aromatic hydrocarbons in a controlled ecological life support system during a 4-person-180-day integrated experiment[J].Science of the Total Environment,2018,610:905-911.
[7]Guerra D,Anderson AJ,Salisbury FB.Reduced phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and tyrosine ammonia-lyase activities and lignin synthesis in wheat grown under low pressure sodium lamps[J].Plant Physiology,1985,78(1):126-130.
[8]Wheeler RM,Peterson BV,Sager JC,et al.Ethlene production by plants in a closed environment[J].Advances in Space Research,1996,18(4/5):193-196.
[9]Stasiak M,Gidzinski D,Jordan M,et al.Crop selection for advanced life support systems in the ESA MELi SSA program:Durum wheat(Triticum turgidum var durum)[J].Advances in Space Research,2012,49(12):1684-1690.
[10]沈韫赜,郭双生,艾为党,等.密闭系统中光强和光照时间对小麦的交互作用[J].航天医学与医学工程,2014,27(4):280-285.Shen Y,Guo S,Ai WD.Interactive effects of light intensity and illumination time on wheat in closed system[J].Space Medicine and Medical Engineering,2014,27(4):280-285.
[11]Khan AJ,Azam F,Ali A.Relationship of morphological traits and grain yield in recombinant inbred wheat lines grown under drought conditions[J].Pakistan Journal of Botany,2010,42(1):259-267.
[12]Page V,Feller U.Selection and hydroponic growth of bread wheat cultivars for bioregenerative life support systems[J].Advances in Space Research,2013,52(3):536-546.