基于信息物理接口矩阵的IEC61850变电站自动化系统可靠性分析
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摘要
随着电力系统通信控制网络和物理设备网络交互的加深,基于信息物理融合发展的变电站自动化系统的综合可靠性问题亟待研究。以IEC61850实际变电站自动化系统为例,基于变电站主接线建立其信息物理融合框架,在该框架下将信息层保护元件对物理层主要设备的影响进行分类,提出用信息物理接口矩阵表征故障传播类别的概率。考虑信息层的影响,建立变电站自动化系统可靠性分析方法,以实际变电站为算例进行了可靠性计算分析,验证了所提方法的正确性。结合算例进一步分析可靠性指标,结果表明信息层故障将明显增大系统的故障损失,而对系统连锁故障风险的影响相对较小。针对信息传输延时进行灵敏度分析,结果表明负荷点期望缺供电力的变化幅度随过程总线传输延迟率的增加而显著提升。
With the deepening interaction between communication control network and physical device network in power system,the comprehensive reliability of the cyber-physical-based substation automation system needs to be studied urgently. The actual IEC61850 substation automation system is taken as an example,whose cyber-physical integrated framework is established based on the main wiring of substation. The influences of the cyber protection components on the main physical equipment are classified,and the cyber-physical interface matrix is proposed to represent the probabilities of fault propagation categories. The reliability analysis method of substation automation system is put forward considering the influence of cyber layer. And the reliability of an actual substation is calculated to verify the correctness of the proposed method. The reliability indexes are further analyzed with an example,and results show that the fault in cyber layer will obviously increase the power loss of the whole system,while it has relatively smaller influence on the risk of cascading fault. Finally,the sensitivity analysis of information transmission delay is implemented,which shows that the changing magnitude of expected demand not supplied increases significantly with the increase of the transmission delay rate of process bus.
With the deepening interaction between communication control network and physical device network in power system,the comprehensive reliability of the cyber-physical-based substation automation system needs to be studied urgently. The actual IEC61850 substation automation system is taken as an example,whose cyber-physical integrated framework is established based on the main wiring of substation. The influences of the cyber protection components on the main physical equipment are classified,and the cyber-physical interface matrix is proposed to represent the probabilities of fault propagation categories. The reliability analysis method of substation automation system is put forward considering the influence of cyber layer. And the reliability of an actual substation is calculated to verify the correctness of the proposed method. The reliability indexes are further analyzed with an example,and results show that the fault in cyber layer will obviously increase the power loss of the whole system,while it has relatively smaller influence on the risk of cascading fault. Finally,the sensitivity analysis of information transmission delay is implemented,which shows that the changing magnitude of expected demand not supplied increases significantly with the increase of the transmission delay rate of process bus.
引文
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[14] JIANG K,SINGH C. Reliability modeling of all-digital protection systems including impact of repair[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2010,25(2):579-587.
[15]俞斌,郭创新,王越,等.考虑信息系统作用的电力系统可靠性研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(7):7-13.YU Bin,GUO Chuangxin,WANG Yue,et al. Research on the reliability of the power system considering impacts of the information system[J]. Power System Protection and Control,2013,41(7):7-13.
[16]曹一家,张宇栋,包哲静.电力系统和通信网络交互影响下的连锁故障分析[J].电力自动化设备,2013,33(1):7-11.CAO Yijia,ZHANG Yudong,BAO Zhejing. Analysis of cascading failures under interactions between power grid and communication network[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2013,33(1):7-11.
[17]韩宇奇,郭嘉,郭创新,等.考虑软件失效的信息物理融合电力系统智能变电站安全风险评估[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(6):1500-1508.HAN Yuqi,GUO Jia,GUO Chuangxin,et al. Intelligent substation security risk assessment of cyber physical power systems incorporating software failures[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(6):1500-1508.
[18]KANABAR M G,SIDHU T S. Reliability and availability analysis of IEC61850 based substation communication architectures[C]∥2009IEEE Power&Energy Society General Meeting. Calgary,AB,Canada:IEEE,2009:1-8.
[19]CHEN J,THORP J S,DOBSON I. Cascading dynamics and mitigation assessment in power system disturbances via a hidden failure model[J]. International Journal of Electrical Power&Energy Systems,2005,27(4):318-326.
[20]李文沅.电力系统风险评估:模型、方法和应用[M].周国启,卢继平,胡小正,等,译.北京:科学出版社,2006:11-24.
[21] BILLINTON R,KUMAR S,CHOWDHURY N,et al. A reliability test system for educational purposes-basic data[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,1989,4(3):1238-1244.
[2]郭庆来,辛蜀骏,孙宏斌,等.电力系统信息物理融合建模与综合安全评估:驱动力与研究构想[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(6):1481-1489.GUO Qinglai,XIN Shujun,SUN Hongbin,et al. Power system cyberphysical modeling and security assessment:motivation and challenges[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(6):1481-1489.
[3]李培恺,曹勇,辛焕海,等.配电网信息物理系统协同控制架构探讨[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(12):2-7,15.LI Peikai,CAO Yong,XIN Huanhai,et al. Discussion on cooperative control architecture of cyber-physical distribution network system[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(12):2-7,15.
[4]张籍,杜治,谢瀚阳,等.基于不确定随机系统的新一代智能变电站可靠性分析[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(9):210-217.ZHANG Ji,DU Zhi,XIE Hanyang,et al. NGSS reliability analysis based on uncertain stochastic system[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(9):210-217.
[5]KANABAR M G,SIDHU T S. Performance of IEC 61850-9-2 process bus and corrective measure for digital relaying[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2011,26(2):725-735.
[6]任雁铭,操丰梅. IEC61850新动向和新应用[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(2):1-6.REN Yanming,CAO Fengmei. New development and new application of IEC61850[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(2):1-6.
[7]IEC. Communication networks and systems in substations:IEC61850[S].[S.l.]:IEC,2003.
[8]CHENG X Y,LEE W J,PAN X H. Modernizing substation automation systems:adopting IEC standard 61850 for modeling and communication[J]. IEEE Industry Applications Magazine,2017,23(1):42-49.
[9]SINGH C,SPRINTSON A. Reliability assurance of cyber-physical power systems[C]∥IEEE PES General Meeting. Providence,RI,USA:IEEE,2010:1-6.
[10]蒋卓臻,刘俊勇,向月.配电网信息物理系统可靠性评估关键技术探讨[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(12):30-42.JIANG Zhuozhen,LIU Junyong,XIANG Yue. Key technologies for reliability assessment of distribution network cyber physical system[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(12):30-42.
[11]郝雨辰,吴在军,窦晓波,等.基于IEC61850的多代理系统在微电网运行控制中的应用[J].电力自动化设备,2013,33(6):139-146.HAO Yuchen,WU Zaijun,DOU Xiaobo,et al. Application of IEC61850-based multi-agent system in microgrid operation[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2013,33(6):139-146.
[12]陈晨,刘俊勇,刘友波,等.一种考虑变电站内部的电力系统可靠性分析[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(2):103-109.CHEN Chen,LIU Junyong,LIU Youbo,et al. Power system reliability analysis considering substation interior[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(2):103-109.
[13]高磊,宋亮亮,杨毅,等.基于多参量模型的智能变电站二次设备状态评估方法及应用[J].电力自动化设备,2018,38(10):210-215.GAO Lei,SONG Liangliang,YANG Yi,et al. Secondary equipment condition evaluation based on multi-parameter model for smart substations[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2018,38(10):210-215.
[14] JIANG K,SINGH C. Reliability modeling of all-digital protection systems including impact of repair[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2010,25(2):579-587.
[15]俞斌,郭创新,王越,等.考虑信息系统作用的电力系统可靠性研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(7):7-13.YU Bin,GUO Chuangxin,WANG Yue,et al. Research on the reliability of the power system considering impacts of the information system[J]. Power System Protection and Control,2013,41(7):7-13.
[16]曹一家,张宇栋,包哲静.电力系统和通信网络交互影响下的连锁故障分析[J].电力自动化设备,2013,33(1):7-11.CAO Yijia,ZHANG Yudong,BAO Zhejing. Analysis of cascading failures under interactions between power grid and communication network[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2013,33(1):7-11.
[17]韩宇奇,郭嘉,郭创新,等.考虑软件失效的信息物理融合电力系统智能变电站安全风险评估[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(6):1500-1508.HAN Yuqi,GUO Jia,GUO Chuangxin,et al. Intelligent substation security risk assessment of cyber physical power systems incorporating software failures[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(6):1500-1508.
[18]KANABAR M G,SIDHU T S. Reliability and availability analysis of IEC61850 based substation communication architectures[C]∥2009IEEE Power&Energy Society General Meeting. Calgary,AB,Canada:IEEE,2009:1-8.
[19]CHEN J,THORP J S,DOBSON I. Cascading dynamics and mitigation assessment in power system disturbances via a hidden failure model[J]. International Journal of Electrical Power&Energy Systems,2005,27(4):318-326.
[20]李文沅.电力系统风险评估:模型、方法和应用[M].周国启,卢继平,胡小正,等,译.北京:科学出版社,2006:11-24.
[21] BILLINTON R,KUMAR S,CHOWDHURY N,et al. A reliability test system for educational purposes-basic data[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,1989,4(3):1238-1244.