小腿段胃经和胆经与经外细胞内外液分布的比较
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摘要
目的:比较胃经和胆经小腿段与同水平经外的细胞内外液阻抗差异,探究经脉的体液分布特性,揭示经络的部分生物学特性。方法:应用生物阻抗谱测量技术,将1～100kHz、100!A的恒定电流通过两个间距9cm的激励电极分别输入到16名健康受试者胃经和胆经的小腿段以及同水平胃经经外肌肉上和胃经外肌肉旁的组织中,用位于激励电极之间的两个间距3cm的测量电极采集一段组织的电位和相位,并测量电极间的小腿周径。使用cole-cole曲线拟合计算出胃经、胆经、经外肌肉上和经外肌肉旁的细胞内外液阻抗,再计算其电阻率。结果:胃经、胆经、胃经外肌肉上、胃经外肌肉旁的细胞内液阻抗分别为(19.1±1.3)Ω、(15.8±1.9)Ω、(19.6±1.3)Ω、(19.4±1.2)Ω;胃经、胆经、胃经外肌肉上、胃经外肌肉旁的细胞外液的阻抗分别为(28.3±1.4)Ω、(25.7±2.0)Ω、(31.3±1.6)Ω、(32.4±1.6)Ω,胃经与胆经的细胞外液阻抗显著低于经外肌肉上和经外肌肉旁(P<0.05);细胞内液电阻率分别为(658.9±78.5)Ω·cm、(528.0±90.1)Ω·cm、(669.9±71.8)Ω·cm、(655.9±64.8)Ω·cm;细胞外液电阻率分别为(953.8±75.3)Ω·cm、(833.9±101.7)Ω·cm、(1 059.8±86.0)Ω·cm、(1 099.3±93.3)Ω·cm,胆经的细胞内外液电阻率均显著小于其他3个部位(P<0.01),胃经细胞外液电阻率显著小于经外两个部位(P<0.01)。结论:经脉上组织的细胞外液比经外组织更为丰富,进一步证明了经络的组织液通道学说。
Objective To compare differences of extracellular fluid impedance(Re)and intracellular fluid impedance(Ri)between the Stomach(ST)Meridian or Gallbladder(GB)Meridian and their neighboring non-meridian sites of the left lower leg at the same level,so as to explore the distribution characteristics of body fluid in the meridian.Methods Sixteen healthy volunteers were enrolled in the present study.The Re and Ri were detected by using Ag/AgCl electrodes and a digital lock-in amplifier.The measuring electrodes(at an interval of about 3 cm)were separately fixed to the skin sites covering the running courses of the ST Meridian(in the lateral interspace of the anterior tibial muscle)and the GB Meridian(in the interspace of the anterior edge of the fibula),and the excitation electrodes(at an interval of about 9 cm)respectively fixed to the skin sites covering the anterior tibial muscle and the interspace between the anterior tibial muscle and the tibia(about 2 cm and 5 cm lateral to the ST and GB meridians,and about 3-4 cm and 6-8 cm lateral to the ST and GB meridians,respectively).A 100!A constant current with frequencies from 1 kHz to 100 kHz delivered via an excitation electrode was applied to the site(control spots of the ST Meridian),and signals of the voltage amplitude and phase difference of the tissues fed to the lock-in amplifier via the measuring electrode were collected,followed by measuring those of the GB Meridian and control sites.The circumference of the lower leg around the two excitation and measuring electrodes was measured.Then the cole-cole curve fitting was performed to calculate the Ri and Re,as well as the intracellular fluid resistivity(ρi)and extracellular fluid resistivity(ρe)of the ST and GB meridians,the related muscles and interspace lateral to ST or GB(ST/GB)meridians at the same level.Results The Ri and Re(Ω)values of the ST,GB,the muscle lateral to ST/GB and the interspace lateral to ST/GB were 19.1±1.3 and 28.3±1.4,15.8±1.9 and 25.7±2.0,19.6±1.3 and 31.3±1.6,and 19.4±1.2 and 32.4±1.6,respectively.The Re values were significantly lower at the ST and GB meridians than at the muscle lateral to and the interspace lateral to both meridians(P<0.05).Theρi andρe values(Ω·cm)of the ST,GB,the muscle lateral to and the interspace lateral to ST/GB were 658.9±78.5 and 953.8±75.3,528.0±90.1 and833.9±101.7,669.9±71.8 and 1 059.8±86.0,655.9±64.8 and 1 099.3±93.3,respectively.Theρi andρe values were significantly lower at the GB Meridian Than at the other three locntions,and theρe value of ST Meridian was significantly lower than those of the muscle lateral to and the interspace lateral to ST/GB meridians(P<0.01).Conclusion The Ri,Re,ρi andρe values of the ST and GB meridians are significantly lower than those of their neighboring tissues at the same levels of the lower leg,suggesting a more extracellular fluid in the meridian running course and providing evidence for our speculation that the meridian is a hydraulic resistance channel.
Objective To compare differences of extracellular fluid impedance(Re)and intracellular fluid impedance(Ri)between the Stomach(ST)Meridian or Gallbladder(GB)Meridian and their neighboring non-meridian sites of the left lower leg at the same level,so as to explore the distribution characteristics of body fluid in the meridian.Methods Sixteen healthy volunteers were enrolled in the present study.The Re and Ri were detected by using Ag/AgCl electrodes and a digital lock-in amplifier.The measuring electrodes(at an interval of about 3 cm)were separately fixed to the skin sites covering the running courses of the ST Meridian(in the lateral interspace of the anterior tibial muscle)and the GB Meridian(in the interspace of the anterior edge of the fibula),and the excitation electrodes(at an interval of about 9 cm)respectively fixed to the skin sites covering the anterior tibial muscle and the interspace between the anterior tibial muscle and the tibia(about 2 cm and 5 cm lateral to the ST and GB meridians,and about 3-4 cm and 6-8 cm lateral to the ST and GB meridians,respectively).A 100!A constant current with frequencies from 1 kHz to 100 kHz delivered via an excitation electrode was applied to the site(control spots of the ST Meridian),and signals of the voltage amplitude and phase difference of the tissues fed to the lock-in amplifier via the measuring electrode were collected,followed by measuring those of the GB Meridian and control sites.The circumference of the lower leg around the two excitation and measuring electrodes was measured.Then the cole-cole curve fitting was performed to calculate the Ri and Re,as well as the intracellular fluid resistivity(ρi)and extracellular fluid resistivity(ρe)of the ST and GB meridians,the related muscles and interspace lateral to ST or GB(ST/GB)meridians at the same level.Results The Ri and Re(Ω)values of the ST,GB,the muscle lateral to ST/GB and the interspace lateral to ST/GB were 19.1±1.3 and 28.3±1.4,15.8±1.9 and 25.7±2.0,19.6±1.3 and 31.3±1.6,and 19.4±1.2 and 32.4±1.6,respectively.The Re values were significantly lower at the ST and GB meridians than at the muscle lateral to and the interspace lateral to both meridians(P<0.05).Theρi andρe values(Ω·cm)of the ST,GB,the muscle lateral to and the interspace lateral to ST/GB were 658.9±78.5 and 953.8±75.3,528.0±90.1 and833.9±101.7,669.9±71.8 and 1 059.8±86.0,655.9±64.8 and 1 099.3±93.3,respectively.Theρi andρe values were significantly lower at the GB Meridian Than at the other three locntions,and theρe value of ST Meridian was significantly lower than those of the muscle lateral to and the interspace lateral to ST/GB meridians(P<0.01).Conclusion The Ri,Re,ρi andρe values of the ST and GB meridians are significantly lower than those of their neighboring tissues at the same levels of the lower leg,suggesting a more extracellular fluid in the meridian running course and providing evidence for our speculation that the meridian is a hydraulic resistance channel.
引文
[1]佘延芬,齐丛会,朱江.国内外穴位电学特性研究的历史及进展评述[J].中国针灸,2010,30(12):1047-1050.
[2] HIROSHI K,KATSUYUKI S, MAKOTO H.Electrical measurement of fluid distribution in human legs:estimation of extra-and intra-cellular fluid volume[J].J Microwave Power,1983,3(18):233-243.
[3]庄翠芳,阳波,牛俊泽.多频率激励生物电阻抗测量方法的研究[J].计算机测量与控制,2016,24(5):71-73.
[4]古菲菲,王燕平,王广军,等.不同电极距离下人体小腿组织细胞内外液电阻率的观察[J].北京生物医学工程,2017,36(6):601-606.
[5]白红新,赵国桢,嵇波,等.相关经穴与非经非穴、非相关经穴的机体反映和效应差异[J].长春中医药大学学报,2017,33(1):82-85.
[6]熊慧,魏荆华,刘近贞.用于电阻抗成像系统的单电源差分电流源[J].中国生物医学工程学报,2016,35(5):636-640.
[7]王华,杜元灏.针灸学[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2012.
[8]周炜,王丽平,王居易.王居易经络诊察法的临床应用体会[J].北京中医药,2010,29(1):31-32.
[9]刘清国.杨甲三教授针灸学术思想简介[J].中国针灸,2008,28(5):359-364.
[10]云洁,王燕平,张维波,等.应用生物阻抗频谱法对循经体液分布的初步观察[J].中国中医基础医学杂志,2015,21(7):853-856.
[11]王燕平,周炜.王居易教授针灸学术思想初步探讨[J].北京中医药大学学报,2015,38(6):430-432.
[12]张维波,田宇瑛,李宏.循经低流阻通道组织液压的初步观察[J].医用生物力学,2011,26(1):29-33.
[13]杨威生,张人骥.低阻经络研究Ⅰ、测定方法[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),1978,17(1):128-134.
[14]刘兵,朱璐.身形之脉与经脉内涵探讨——从具象到抽象[J].中国针灸,2015,35(5):497-500.
[15]谢浩然,李芳春,张维波.人体经络气道实质相应定位的解剖观察[J].针刺研究,2009,34(3):202-206.
[16] LANGEVIN H M,YANDOW J A.Relationship of acupuncture points and meridians to connective tissue planes[J].Anatomical Record(New Anat),2002,269(6):257-265.
[17]王燕平,周炜.王居易教授针灸学术思想初步探讨[J].北京中医药大学学报,2015,38(6):430-432.
[2] HIROSHI K,KATSUYUKI S, MAKOTO H.Electrical measurement of fluid distribution in human legs:estimation of extra-and intra-cellular fluid volume[J].J Microwave Power,1983,3(18):233-243.
[3]庄翠芳,阳波,牛俊泽.多频率激励生物电阻抗测量方法的研究[J].计算机测量与控制,2016,24(5):71-73.
[4]古菲菲,王燕平,王广军,等.不同电极距离下人体小腿组织细胞内外液电阻率的观察[J].北京生物医学工程,2017,36(6):601-606.
[5]白红新,赵国桢,嵇波,等.相关经穴与非经非穴、非相关经穴的机体反映和效应差异[J].长春中医药大学学报,2017,33(1):82-85.
[6]熊慧,魏荆华,刘近贞.用于电阻抗成像系统的单电源差分电流源[J].中国生物医学工程学报,2016,35(5):636-640.
[7]王华,杜元灏.针灸学[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2012.
[8]周炜,王丽平,王居易.王居易经络诊察法的临床应用体会[J].北京中医药,2010,29(1):31-32.
[9]刘清国.杨甲三教授针灸学术思想简介[J].中国针灸,2008,28(5):359-364.
[10]云洁,王燕平,张维波,等.应用生物阻抗频谱法对循经体液分布的初步观察[J].中国中医基础医学杂志,2015,21(7):853-856.
[11]王燕平,周炜.王居易教授针灸学术思想初步探讨[J].北京中医药大学学报,2015,38(6):430-432.
[12]张维波,田宇瑛,李宏.循经低流阻通道组织液压的初步观察[J].医用生物力学,2011,26(1):29-33.
[13]杨威生,张人骥.低阻经络研究Ⅰ、测定方法[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),1978,17(1):128-134.
[14]刘兵,朱璐.身形之脉与经脉内涵探讨——从具象到抽象[J].中国针灸,2015,35(5):497-500.
[15]谢浩然,李芳春,张维波.人体经络气道实质相应定位的解剖观察[J].针刺研究,2009,34(3):202-206.
[16] LANGEVIN H M,YANDOW J A.Relationship of acupuncture points and meridians to connective tissue planes[J].Anatomical Record(New Anat),2002,269(6):257-265.
[17]王燕平,周炜.王居易教授针灸学术思想初步探讨[J].北京中医药大学学报,2015,38(6):430-432.