基于两性生命表的以朱砂叶螨为猎物的加州新小绥螨四川种群生长发育、繁殖及捕食率
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摘要
为全面掌握加州新小绥螨四川种群的种群特征,本试验运用两性生命表开展了以朱砂叶螨为猎物的加州新小绥螨四川种群的生长发育、繁殖与捕食率研究。结果表明,加州新小绥螨四川种群不同发育阶段重叠,在雌成螨产卵期结束前雌成螨特定年龄-阶段存活率Sxj明显高于雄成螨。单位时间(12h)特定年龄-阶段繁殖力fx5、特定年龄繁殖力mx最大值分别为1.74和1.12粒/雌,单雌总产卵量为49.28粒。种群内禀增长率为0.27/d、周限增长率为1.31/d、净增殖率为26.61粒/个体、世代平均周期为12.34 d。在未成熟阶段,加州新小绥螨各螨态特定年龄-阶段捕食率Cxj均呈双峰型,雌成螨和雄成螨捕食率均随时间明显波动。加州新小绥螨取食朱砂叶螨的转化率为4.55、内禀捕食率为0.54、周限捕食率为1.72头。以朱砂叶螨为猎物时,加州新小绥螨四川种群表现出较好的个体发育、种群增长和捕食能力,可作为控制朱砂叶螨的生防资源,值得进一步研究和开发利用;同时朱砂叶螨可作为加州新小绥螨四川种群人工繁殖选择的猎物之一。
In order to comprehensively understand the population characteristics of Neoseiulus californicus(McGregor) Sichuan strain, the population growth development, fecundity and predation rate of N. californicus fed on Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisduval were studied, based on two-sex life table. The results indicated that the different development stages of N. californicus overlapped. Before the end of oviposition stage, the age-stage specific survival rate(Sxj) of female adult was significantly higher than male adult. The maximum age-stage specific fecundity(fx5) and age-specific population fecundity(mx) were 1.74 and 1.12 eggs/female,total fecundity was 49.28 eggs/female. The results showed that the intrinsic rate of increase, finite rate of increase, net reproduction rate and mean generation time of N. californicus was 0.27/d, 1.31/d, 26.61 eggs/female and 12.34 d, respectively. The age-stage specific predation rate(Cxj) in each immature stage varied with double peak curve. The female and male adult Cxj fluctuated obviously with time. The transformation rate,stable predation rate and finite predation rate were 4.55, 0.54 and 1.72 mites/predator, respectively. N.californicus Sichuan strain had good characteristics of individual development, population growth and predation when fed on T. cinnabarinus. It can be used as the natural resources to control T. cinnabarus and is worthy of further research and utilization. T. cinnabarinus could be selected as one of the preys for the mass-rearing of N.californicus.
In order to comprehensively understand the population characteristics of Neoseiulus californicus(McGregor) Sichuan strain, the population growth development, fecundity and predation rate of N. californicus fed on Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisduval were studied, based on two-sex life table. The results indicated that the different development stages of N. californicus overlapped. Before the end of oviposition stage, the age-stage specific survival rate(Sxj) of female adult was significantly higher than male adult. The maximum age-stage specific fecundity(fx5) and age-specific population fecundity(mx) were 1.74 and 1.12 eggs/female,total fecundity was 49.28 eggs/female. The results showed that the intrinsic rate of increase, finite rate of increase, net reproduction rate and mean generation time of N. californicus was 0.27/d, 1.31/d, 26.61 eggs/female and 12.34 d, respectively. The age-stage specific predation rate(Cxj) in each immature stage varied with double peak curve. The female and male adult Cxj fluctuated obviously with time. The transformation rate,stable predation rate and finite predation rate were 4.55, 0.54 and 1.72 mites/predator, respectively. N.californicus Sichuan strain had good characteristics of individual development, population growth and predation when fed on T. cinnabarinus. It can be used as the natural resources to control T. cinnabarus and is worthy of further research and utilization. T. cinnabarinus could be selected as one of the preys for the mass-rearing of N.californicus.
引文
[1]Hart A J,Bale J S,Tullett A G,et al.Effects of temperature on the establishment potential of the predatory mite Amblyseius californicus Mc Gregor(Acari:Phytoseiidae)in the UK[J].Journal of Insect Physiology,2002,48(6):593-599.
[2]Argov Y,Berkeley M,Domeratzky S,et al.Identification of pollens for small scale mass rearing of Neoseiulus californicus and a novel method for quality control[J].IOBC WPRS Bulletin,2006,29(4):127-132.
[3]Monetti L N,Croft B A.Neoseiulus californicus(McGregor)and Neoseiulus fallacis(Garman):larval responses to prey and humidity,nymphal feeding drive and nymphal predation on phytoseiid eggs[J].Experimental&Applied Acarology,1997,21(4):225-234.
[4]Canlas L J,Amano H,Ochiai N,et al.Biology and predation of the Japanese strain of Neoseiulus californicus(Mc Gregor)(Acari:Phytoseiidae)[J].Systematic&Applied Acarology,2006,11(2):141-157.
[5]Palevsky E,Walzer A,Gal S,et al.Evaluation of dry-adapted strains of the predatory mite Neoseiulus californicus for spider mite control on cucumber,strawberry and pepper[J].Experimental&Applied Acarology,2008,45(1-2):15-27.
[6]徐学农,王恩东.国外昆虫天敌商品化现状及分析[J].中国生物防治,2007,23(4):373-382
[7]Ghazy N A,Suzuki T,Amano H,et al.Humidity-controlled cold storage of Neoseiulus californicus(Acari:Phytoseiidae):effects on male survival and reproductive ability[J].Journal of Applied Entomology,2013,137(5):376-382.
[8]Xu X N,Wang B M,Wang E D,et al.Comments on the identity of Neoseiulus californicus sensu lato(Acari:Phytoseiidae)with a redescription of this species from southern China[J].Systematic and Applied Acarology,2013,18(4):329-344.
[9]张艳璇,季洁,陈霞,等.温度对加州新小绥螨发育及繁殖的影响[J].福建农业学报,2012,27(2):157-161.
[10]Walzer A,Castagnoli M,Simoni S,et al.Intraspecific variation in humidity susceptibility of the predatory mite Neoseiulus californicus:Survival,development and reproduction[J].Biological Control,2007,41(1):42-52.
[11]张艳璇,季洁,陈霞,等.温度对加州新小绥螨以截形叶螨为猎物的发育及繁殖的影响[J].环境昆虫学报,2012,34(2):190-195.
[12]覃贵勇,李庆.温度对加州新小绥螨捕食作用影响及高温耐饥饿能力研究[J].西南农业学报,2013,26(3):1034-1037.
[13]袁秀萍,汪小东,王佳武,等.短时高温对加州新小绥螨发育的影响[J].应用昆虫学报,2015,26(3):853-858.
[14]税玲,蒲颇,李庆,等.低温贮藏对加州新小绥螨生物学特性和捕食能力的影响[J].植物保护学报,2016,43(5):759-767.
[15]汪小东,刘峰,张建华,等.加州新小绥螨对土耳其斯坦叶螨的捕食作用[J].植物保护学报,2014,41(1):20-24.
[16]汪小东,袁秀萍,黄艳勤,等.应用实验种群生命表评价加州新小绥螨对土耳其斯坦叶螨和截形叶螨的控制能力[J].应用昆虫学报,2014,51(3):795-801.
[17]覃贵勇,李庆,杨群芳,等.加州新小绥螨对柑橘全爪螨的控制潜力[J].植物保护学报,2013,40(2):149-154.
[18]李庆,崔琦,蒋春先,等.加州新小绥螨对朱砂叶螨的控制作用[J].植物保护学报,2014,41(3):257-262.
[19]蒋洪丽,王恩东,吕佳乐,等.加州新小绥螨对朱砂叶螨不同螨态的捕食选择性及与拟长毛钝绥螨功能反应比较[J].中国生物防治学报,2015,31(1):8-13.
[20]汪小东,张建华,黄艳勤,等.加州新小绥螨对截形叶螨的捕食作用[J].西北农业学报,2014,23(2):39-43.
[21]陈莉,李庆,蒋春先,等.加州新小绥螨对猕猴桃卢氏叶螨的捕食作用[J].中国生物防治学报,2016,32(5):569-574.
[22]Chi H,Liu H.Two new methods for the study of insect population ecology[J].Bulletin of the Institute of Zoology,Academia Sinica,1985,24(2):225-240.
[23]Chi H.Life-table analysis incorporating both sexes and variable development rates among individuals[J].Environmental Entomology,1998,17(1):26-34.
[24]Marafeli P D P,Reis P R,Silveira E C D,et al.Neoseiulus californicus(McGregor,1954)preying in different life stages of Tetranychus urticae Koch,1836(Acari:Phytoseiidae,Tetranychidae)[J].Acarologia,2011,51(4):499-506.
[25]Chi H,Yang T C.Two-sex life table and predation rate of Propylaea japonica Thunberg(Coleoptera:Coccinellidae)fed on Myzus persicae(Sulzer)(Homoptera:Aphididae)[J].Population Ecology,2003,32(2):327-333.
[26]Yu J Z,Chi H,Chen B H.Comparison of the life tables and predation rates of Harmonia dimidiate(F.)(Coleoptera:Coccinellidae)fed on Aphis gossypii Glover(Hemiptera:Aphididae)at different temperatures[J].Biological Control,2013,64(1):1-9.
[27]Huang Y B,Chi H.Assessing the application of the jackknife and bootstrap techniques to the estimation of the variability of the net reproductive rate and gross reproductive rate:a case study in Bactrocera cucurbitae(Coquillett)[J].Journal of Agriculture and Forestry,2012,61(1):37-45.
[28]Kustutan O,Cakmak I.Development,fecundity,and prey consumption of Neoseiulus californicus(McGregor)fed Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisduval[J].Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry,2009,33:19-28.
[29]Gotoh T,Yamaguchi K,Mori K.Effect of temperature on life history of the predatory mite Amblyseius(Neoseiulus)californicus(Acari:Phytoseiidae)[J].Experimental and Applied Acarology,2004,32:15-30.
[30]Maroufpoor M,Ghoosta Y,Pourmirza A A.Life table parameters of Neoseiulus californicus(Acari:Phytoseiidae)on the European red mite,Panonychus ulmi(Acari:Tetranychidae)in laboratory condition[J].Persian Journal of Acarology,2013,2(2):47-58.
[2]Argov Y,Berkeley M,Domeratzky S,et al.Identification of pollens for small scale mass rearing of Neoseiulus californicus and a novel method for quality control[J].IOBC WPRS Bulletin,2006,29(4):127-132.
[3]Monetti L N,Croft B A.Neoseiulus californicus(McGregor)and Neoseiulus fallacis(Garman):larval responses to prey and humidity,nymphal feeding drive and nymphal predation on phytoseiid eggs[J].Experimental&Applied Acarology,1997,21(4):225-234.
[4]Canlas L J,Amano H,Ochiai N,et al.Biology and predation of the Japanese strain of Neoseiulus californicus(Mc Gregor)(Acari:Phytoseiidae)[J].Systematic&Applied Acarology,2006,11(2):141-157.
[5]Palevsky E,Walzer A,Gal S,et al.Evaluation of dry-adapted strains of the predatory mite Neoseiulus californicus for spider mite control on cucumber,strawberry and pepper[J].Experimental&Applied Acarology,2008,45(1-2):15-27.
[6]徐学农,王恩东.国外昆虫天敌商品化现状及分析[J].中国生物防治,2007,23(4):373-382
[7]Ghazy N A,Suzuki T,Amano H,et al.Humidity-controlled cold storage of Neoseiulus californicus(Acari:Phytoseiidae):effects on male survival and reproductive ability[J].Journal of Applied Entomology,2013,137(5):376-382.
[8]Xu X N,Wang B M,Wang E D,et al.Comments on the identity of Neoseiulus californicus sensu lato(Acari:Phytoseiidae)with a redescription of this species from southern China[J].Systematic and Applied Acarology,2013,18(4):329-344.
[9]张艳璇,季洁,陈霞,等.温度对加州新小绥螨发育及繁殖的影响[J].福建农业学报,2012,27(2):157-161.
[10]Walzer A,Castagnoli M,Simoni S,et al.Intraspecific variation in humidity susceptibility of the predatory mite Neoseiulus californicus:Survival,development and reproduction[J].Biological Control,2007,41(1):42-52.
[11]张艳璇,季洁,陈霞,等.温度对加州新小绥螨以截形叶螨为猎物的发育及繁殖的影响[J].环境昆虫学报,2012,34(2):190-195.
[12]覃贵勇,李庆.温度对加州新小绥螨捕食作用影响及高温耐饥饿能力研究[J].西南农业学报,2013,26(3):1034-1037.
[13]袁秀萍,汪小东,王佳武,等.短时高温对加州新小绥螨发育的影响[J].应用昆虫学报,2015,26(3):853-858.
[14]税玲,蒲颇,李庆,等.低温贮藏对加州新小绥螨生物学特性和捕食能力的影响[J].植物保护学报,2016,43(5):759-767.
[15]汪小东,刘峰,张建华,等.加州新小绥螨对土耳其斯坦叶螨的捕食作用[J].植物保护学报,2014,41(1):20-24.
[16]汪小东,袁秀萍,黄艳勤,等.应用实验种群生命表评价加州新小绥螨对土耳其斯坦叶螨和截形叶螨的控制能力[J].应用昆虫学报,2014,51(3):795-801.
[17]覃贵勇,李庆,杨群芳,等.加州新小绥螨对柑橘全爪螨的控制潜力[J].植物保护学报,2013,40(2):149-154.
[18]李庆,崔琦,蒋春先,等.加州新小绥螨对朱砂叶螨的控制作用[J].植物保护学报,2014,41(3):257-262.
[19]蒋洪丽,王恩东,吕佳乐,等.加州新小绥螨对朱砂叶螨不同螨态的捕食选择性及与拟长毛钝绥螨功能反应比较[J].中国生物防治学报,2015,31(1):8-13.
[20]汪小东,张建华,黄艳勤,等.加州新小绥螨对截形叶螨的捕食作用[J].西北农业学报,2014,23(2):39-43.
[21]陈莉,李庆,蒋春先,等.加州新小绥螨对猕猴桃卢氏叶螨的捕食作用[J].中国生物防治学报,2016,32(5):569-574.
[22]Chi H,Liu H.Two new methods for the study of insect population ecology[J].Bulletin of the Institute of Zoology,Academia Sinica,1985,24(2):225-240.
[23]Chi H.Life-table analysis incorporating both sexes and variable development rates among individuals[J].Environmental Entomology,1998,17(1):26-34.
[24]Marafeli P D P,Reis P R,Silveira E C D,et al.Neoseiulus californicus(McGregor,1954)preying in different life stages of Tetranychus urticae Koch,1836(Acari:Phytoseiidae,Tetranychidae)[J].Acarologia,2011,51(4):499-506.
[25]Chi H,Yang T C.Two-sex life table and predation rate of Propylaea japonica Thunberg(Coleoptera:Coccinellidae)fed on Myzus persicae(Sulzer)(Homoptera:Aphididae)[J].Population Ecology,2003,32(2):327-333.
[26]Yu J Z,Chi H,Chen B H.Comparison of the life tables and predation rates of Harmonia dimidiate(F.)(Coleoptera:Coccinellidae)fed on Aphis gossypii Glover(Hemiptera:Aphididae)at different temperatures[J].Biological Control,2013,64(1):1-9.
[27]Huang Y B,Chi H.Assessing the application of the jackknife and bootstrap techniques to the estimation of the variability of the net reproductive rate and gross reproductive rate:a case study in Bactrocera cucurbitae(Coquillett)[J].Journal of Agriculture and Forestry,2012,61(1):37-45.
[28]Kustutan O,Cakmak I.Development,fecundity,and prey consumption of Neoseiulus californicus(McGregor)fed Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisduval[J].Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry,2009,33:19-28.
[29]Gotoh T,Yamaguchi K,Mori K.Effect of temperature on life history of the predatory mite Amblyseius(Neoseiulus)californicus(Acari:Phytoseiidae)[J].Experimental and Applied Acarology,2004,32:15-30.
[30]Maroufpoor M,Ghoosta Y,Pourmirza A A.Life table parameters of Neoseiulus californicus(Acari:Phytoseiidae)on the European red mite,Panonychus ulmi(Acari:Tetranychidae)in laboratory condition[J].Persian Journal of Acarology,2013,2(2):47-58.
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