内蒙古巴拉格歹地区构造混杂岩带中浊积岩、震积岩特征及意义——以内蒙古哈拉黑等八幅1:5万区域地质调查为例
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摘要
浊积岩为具有鲍马序列的古海沟沉积,其部分沉积物与古海沟地震密切相关,由于岛弧外弧海沟地质构造复杂,洋板块俯冲及火山岩的喷发,地震活动强烈、频繁,沉积岩在成岩过程不断受到地震扰动,形成具有地震活动特点的震积岩。通过对巴拉格歹地区构造混杂岩带中浊积岩、震积岩的研究,识别出浊积岩系的具递变层理的槽模、沟模等冲刷铸模,包卷层理构造及最顶部黑色粉砂质泥岩段;识别出震积岩系的液化脉、地震震碎角砾岩、滑塌角砾岩、震褶岩-卷曲、纹层状、阶梯状断层构造等,建立并确认浊积岩、地震岩识别标志,恢复古地理构造环境,认为原划分的大石寨组应该解体,应为一套弧前盆地古海沟浊积岩沉积。结合浊积岩中的火山岩、基性岩及区域上化石山发现的超基性岩,初步确认,在测区浊积岩与岛弧火山岩、洋壳沉积物受板块碰撞拼接作用,由一系列逆冲断裂将上述各种块体构造就位在一起,形成构造混杂岩,为二连-贺根山缝合带在本区东延问题提供了资料。
The turbidite is the ancient trench sediments with Bouma series. And part of the sediment is closely related to the ancient trench earthquake. Due to oceanic plate subduction and volcanic eruption, the seismic activities are intense and frequent at the trench. The Sedimentary rocks are constantly disturbed by earthquakes during diagenetic process at this area. So, the seismites recording seismic activities are formed. By studying the turbidite and seismite in Balagedai tectonic melange belt, we recognize the turbidite sequence and the seismite sequence. The turbidite sequence includes flushing molds such as ditch mold and flute cast with graded bedding, convolute bedding, and the black silty mudstone at the top sequence. The seismite sequence includes fluidized vein, shattered breccia, slump breccia, seismic crimp, laminar or stepped fault, etc. Then we establish the identification marks of turbidite and seismite rocks. Furthermore, we restored the paleotectonic environment of Dashizhai Formation at study area. And the former Dashizhai Formation divided by predecessor should be broken up. Dashizhai Formation is the turbidite sediment at the ancient trench in the arc-front basin. Considering the volcanics, basic rocks or ultrabasic rocks in Huashi Hill in the turbidite, we get the conclusion that,due to plate collision, the turbidite, arc volcanic rocks and oceanic sediments are bunched together by a series of thrust faults. So thetectonic melange is formed. This provide evidence that Erlian-Heihe suture zone extends eastern to the study area.
The turbidite is the ancient trench sediments with Bouma series. And part of the sediment is closely related to the ancient trench earthquake. Due to oceanic plate subduction and volcanic eruption, the seismic activities are intense and frequent at the trench. The Sedimentary rocks are constantly disturbed by earthquakes during diagenetic process at this area. So, the seismites recording seismic activities are formed. By studying the turbidite and seismite in Balagedai tectonic melange belt, we recognize the turbidite sequence and the seismite sequence. The turbidite sequence includes flushing molds such as ditch mold and flute cast with graded bedding, convolute bedding, and the black silty mudstone at the top sequence. The seismite sequence includes fluidized vein, shattered breccia, slump breccia, seismic crimp, laminar or stepped fault, etc. Then we establish the identification marks of turbidite and seismite rocks. Furthermore, we restored the paleotectonic environment of Dashizhai Formation at study area. And the former Dashizhai Formation divided by predecessor should be broken up. Dashizhai Formation is the turbidite sediment at the ancient trench in the arc-front basin. Considering the volcanics, basic rocks or ultrabasic rocks in Huashi Hill in the turbidite, we get the conclusion that,due to plate collision, the turbidite, arc volcanic rocks and oceanic sediments are bunched together by a series of thrust faults. So thetectonic melange is formed. This provide evidence that Erlian-Heihe suture zone extends eastern to the study area.
引文
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[13]张邦花,田洪水,吕明英,等.震积岩--古地震灾变事件的岩石学记录[J].自然科学研究科教导刊,2010,11月(下):147-151.
[14]杜远生,韩欣.论震积作用和震积岩[J].地球科学进展,2000,15(4):389-394.
[15]乔秀夫,宋天锐,高林志,等.碳酸盐岩振动液化地震序列[J].地质学报,1994,68(1):16-34.
[16]乔秀夫,高林志,彭阳,等.古郯庐带沧浪铺阶地震事件、层序及构造意义[J].中国科学(D辑),2001,31(11):911-918.
[17]付文利,王艳琴,杨光,等.东营凹陷沙三段、沙四段震积岩研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2004,11(2):6-8.
[18]王昌勇,郑荣才,高振中.准噶尔盆地下侏罗统八道湾组震积岩的发现及其研究意义[J].地质论评,2008,54(6):821-827
[19]杜远生.中国地震事件沉积研究的若干问题探讨[J].古地理学报,2011,13(6):581-590.
[2]邵济安,臧邵先,牟保磊,等.造山带的伸展构造与软流圈隆起--以兴蒙造山带为例[J].科学通报,1994,39(6):28-34.
[3]Kuenen M.Stratiform breccias and asociated deformation structures recording Neogene earthquake in syn-rift sediments of the Egyptian Red Sea coas[J].Geol.Soc.Egypt Spec.Publ.,1950,1:189-204.
[4]Middle T,Pieri P,Tropeano M.Late Pleistocene soft-sediment defomation structures interpreted as seismites inparalic deposits in the city of Bari[C]//Ettensohn F R,Rast N,Brett C E.Ancient Seismites:Boulder.Colorado:Geological Society of America Special Paper,2002,35(9):75-85.
[5]赵芝.内蒙古大石寨地区早二叠世大石寨组火山岩的地球化学特征及其构造环境[D].吉林大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[6]吴勘.震积岩、海啸岩、震浊积岩研究进展[J].地质通报,2010,30(2):136-139.
[7]Seilacher A.Fault-graded bed interpreted seismites[J].Bull.Ass.Petrol.Geol,1969,13(1/2):155-159.
[8]路慎强.济阳坳陷古近系碎屑岩地层中震积岩识别标志研究[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2006,30(5):8-13.
[9]孙晓猛,梁定益,聂泽同.大陆边缘震积岩序列--以金沙江中段震积岩为例[J].现代地质,1995,9(3):271-278.
[10]夏青松,田景春.额尔多斯盆地南部上三叠统延长组震积岩的发现及地质意义[J].沉积学报,2007,25(2):201-203.
[11]乔秀夫,宋天锐,高林志,等.地层中地震记录[M].北京:地质出版社,2006.
[12]南凌,崔之久.地震混杂岩(震积岩)的沉积特征和识别[J].地震地质译丛,1996,18(6):1-9.
[13]张邦花,田洪水,吕明英,等.震积岩--古地震灾变事件的岩石学记录[J].自然科学研究科教导刊,2010,11月(下):147-151.
[14]杜远生,韩欣.论震积作用和震积岩[J].地球科学进展,2000,15(4):389-394.
[15]乔秀夫,宋天锐,高林志,等.碳酸盐岩振动液化地震序列[J].地质学报,1994,68(1):16-34.
[16]乔秀夫,高林志,彭阳,等.古郯庐带沧浪铺阶地震事件、层序及构造意义[J].中国科学(D辑),2001,31(11):911-918.
[17]付文利,王艳琴,杨光,等.东营凹陷沙三段、沙四段震积岩研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2004,11(2):6-8.
[18]王昌勇,郑荣才,高振中.准噶尔盆地下侏罗统八道湾组震积岩的发现及其研究意义[J].地质论评,2008,54(6):821-827
[19]杜远生.中国地震事件沉积研究的若干问题探讨[J].古地理学报,2011,13(6):581-590.