透明工作面的概念、架构与关键技术
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摘要
为了提升工作面开采的自动化智能化程度,根据工作面开采自动化、智能化的发展趋势,针对一些煤矿企业在自动化智能化工作面建设过程中存在的待采区信息不明、生产过程决策缺乏足够客观数据依据等问题,探讨了基于物联网、虚拟现实等新型技术的透明工作面概念、4层技术架构及其建设意义。在分析煤矿企业自动化智能化开采特殊要求的基础上,提出了透明工作面建设的4层全域模型。从智能应用层、信息层、传输层与感知层4个层次对整个透明工作面的架构进行了设计,并分别对透明工作面建设的全域模型及其建设过程中所需的激光扫描、地质勘探、惯导、工况传感、虚拟现实等关键技术进行了详细描述。最后对透明工作面建设中感知技术瓶颈制约高层智能应用发展的现状与挑战进行了总结,结果表明,基于物联网与虚拟现实技术架构的透明工作面模型,对煤矿企业工作面开采的自动化与智能化建设具有一定的指导意义和参考价值。
In order to improve the automation and intelligence of longwall mining,according to the automation and intelligent trend of longwall mining,and in view of the problems that the information of the mining area in the construction process of some intelligent coal mining enterprises is unknown,and the production process decision is not enough objective,this paper briefly introduces the concept of transparent working surface based on new technologies such as internet of things and virtual reality and four aspects of technology architectures of transparent longwall mining face and the significance of its construction. Based on the analysis of the special requirements of automated mining of coal mining enterprises,a four-aspect global model of transparent longwall face construction is proposed.The architecture of entire transparent longwall face is designed from four levels: intelligent application,information,transport and sensing. The whole domain model for transparent longwall face and the key technologies required in the construction process such as laser scanning,geological exploration,inertial navigation,device condition sensing,vrtual reality,are described in detail.Finally,the status quo and challenges of the development of high-level intelligent applications in the perception of technical bottlenecks in the construction of transparent working surface are summarized.The result shows that the transparent longwall face model based on internet of things and virtual reality technologies architecture has certain guiding significance and reference value for the automation and intelligence construction of coal longwall mining.
In order to improve the automation and intelligence of longwall mining,according to the automation and intelligent trend of longwall mining,and in view of the problems that the information of the mining area in the construction process of some intelligent coal mining enterprises is unknown,and the production process decision is not enough objective,this paper briefly introduces the concept of transparent working surface based on new technologies such as internet of things and virtual reality and four aspects of technology architectures of transparent longwall mining face and the significance of its construction. Based on the analysis of the special requirements of automated mining of coal mining enterprises,a four-aspect global model of transparent longwall face construction is proposed.The architecture of entire transparent longwall face is designed from four levels: intelligent application,information,transport and sensing. The whole domain model for transparent longwall face and the key technologies required in the construction process such as laser scanning,geological exploration,inertial navigation,device condition sensing,vrtual reality,are described in detail.Finally,the status quo and challenges of the development of high-level intelligent applications in the perception of technical bottlenecks in the construction of transparent working surface are summarized.The result shows that the transparent longwall face model based on internet of things and virtual reality technologies architecture has certain guiding significance and reference value for the automation and intelligence construction of coal longwall mining.
引文
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[2]李大军,王明洋.城市地下空间管理实景化[J].地理空间信息,2009,7(3):121-123.LI Dajun, WANG Mingyang. Urban underground spatial management with real images[J]. Geospatial Information,2009,7(3):121-123.
[3]刘志刚,凌宏亿,俞文生.隧道隧洞超前地质预报[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2011.
[4]秦永元.惯性导航[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.
[5]张新鸿,李瑞娟,李胜家.工业以太网技术及应用前景[J].科技情报开发与经济,2006(12):212-214.ZHANG Xinhong,LI Ruijuan,LI Shengjia.Industrial Ethernet technology and its application prospect[J]. Sci-Tech Informacion Development&Economy,2006(12):212-214.
[6]李会,张劲松.虚拟现实技术在工业控制中的应用[J].微计算机信息,2006(25):74-75.LI Hui,ZHANG Jinsong.The application research of virtual reality technology in industrial control[J]. Microcomputer Information,2006(25):74-75.
[7]王金华,黄曾华.中国煤矿智能开采科技创新与发展[J].煤炭科学技术,2014,42(9):1-6.WANG Jinhua,HUANG Zenghua. Innovation and development of intelligent coal mining science and technology in China[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2014,42(9):1-6.
[8]李首滨,黄曾华,王旭鸣,等.综采工作面装备远程控制技术进展报告[J].科技资讯,2016(12):173-174.LI Shoubin,HUANG Zenghua,WANG Mingxu,et al.Equipment remote control technology of longwall mine face[J].Science&Technology Information,2016(12):173-174.
[9]杜锋,彭赐灯.美国长壁工作面自动化开采技术发展现状及思考[J].中国矿业大学学报,2018,47(5):1-5.DU Feng,PENG Cideng.The state-of-the-art and thought of automated longwall mining in the United States[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2018,47(5):1-5.
[10]徐志鹏.采煤机自适应截割关键技术研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2011.
[11]徐雪战.基于三维可视化与虚拟仿真技术的综采工作面生产仿真研究[D].淮南:安徽理工大学,2015.
[12]李阿乐,郑晓雯,唐哲.虚拟综采工作面三机运动状态监测系统研究[J].煤矿机械,2016,37(8):41-44.LI Ale,ZHENG Xiaowen,TANG Zhe.Research on monitoring system of movement state of three-machines in virtual fully mechanized face[J].Coal Mine Machinery,2016,37(8):41-44.
[13] MOHANIA M,BHIDE M.New trends in information integration[C].ICUIMC2008.Korea:[s.n.],2008:74-81.
[14] BLEIHOLDER J,SZOTT S,HERSCHEL M.Subsumption and complementation as data fusion operators[Z]. Switzerland:[s.n.],2010:513-524.
[15] OZGUR Akkoyun,NICOLA Caredu.Mine simulation for educational purposes:a case study[J].Comput Appl Eng Educ,2015(2):35-47.
[16] LI Wei,LUO Chengming,YANG Hai,et al.Memory cutting of adjacent coal seams based on a hidden Markov model[J]. Arabian Journal of Geosciences,2014(12):1-17.
[17] TANG Shan Tang,WEI Chaokun.Design of monitoring system for hydraulic support based on Lab VIEW[J]. Advanced Materials Research,2014,989:63-79.
[18] ZHENG K,CURRAN M,Gupta H,et al. Design of data center free-space optical network:optical and mechanical considerations[C].ASTFE Digital Library.Begel House Inc,2018.
[19] RAHMAN M S,ZHENG K,GUPTA H.FSO-VR:steerable free space optics link for virtual reality headsets[C]. Proceedings of the 4th ACM Workshop on Wearable Systems and Applications,2018.