杉木第二代改良种子园营建技术及应用成效
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摘要
种子园在林木良种化推进过程中起着重要作用。文章就广东省杉木第二代改良种子园营建技术包括亲本选择和建园创新技术等进行概述,如亲本选择策略与标准、秋季嫁接方法、缩短种子园建园时间的方法。同时简述了第二代改良种子园建园技术应用成效。其中,乐昌市龙山林场杉木第二代改良种子园产量较为突出,可达187.50 kg/hm2,种子质量可达到GB 7908—1999杉木种子质量分级I级水平。此外,小坑林场第二代改良种子园子代早期生长(3 a生)平均树高、平均胸径分别为4.0 m、4.5 cm,增益分别达21.2%、40.6%。
Seed orchard plays an important role in promotion of improved tree specises. This paper summarizes the establishment techniques for improved second generation seed orchard of Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata)in Guangdong, including the selection steps for the parent clones and establishment-regulation techniques with the focus on the parent selection strategy, criterion, grafting technique(autumn) and the shorting seed orchard establishment time method. The applying achievement of these techniques was also evidenced herein. This report provided a reference for the establishment of advanced-generation Chinese fir seed orchard in the near future.Strikingly, the improved second generation seed orchard of Chinese fir in Longshan Forest Farm of Lechang had remarkable success in seed production with a 187.50 kg/hm2 level and GB 7908—1999 qualified "I"seed.Moreover, the 3-year-old progenies of the Chinese fir improved second generation seed orchard expressed very well in height(4.0 m in average), DBH(4.5 cm in average) with a realized gain of 21.2% and 40.6% respectively.
Seed orchard plays an important role in promotion of improved tree specises. This paper summarizes the establishment techniques for improved second generation seed orchard of Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata)in Guangdong, including the selection steps for the parent clones and establishment-regulation techniques with the focus on the parent selection strategy, criterion, grafting technique(autumn) and the shorting seed orchard establishment time method. The applying achievement of these techniques was also evidenced herein. This report provided a reference for the establishment of advanced-generation Chinese fir seed orchard in the near future.Strikingly, the improved second generation seed orchard of Chinese fir in Longshan Forest Farm of Lechang had remarkable success in seed production with a 187.50 kg/hm2 level and GB 7908—1999 qualified "I"seed.Moreover, the 3-year-old progenies of the Chinese fir improved second generation seed orchard expressed very well in height(4.0 m in average), DBH(4.5 cm in average) with a realized gain of 21.2% and 40.6% respectively.
引文
[1]张华新,沈熙环.林木种子园生殖系统研究进展[J].林业科学,2002,38(2):129-134.
[2]福克纳R.林木种子园[M].徐燕千译.北京:中国林业出版社,1981.
[3]王章荣.高世代种子园营建的一些技术问题[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2012,36(1):8-10.
[4]WU HX,ELDRIDGE KG,MATHESON AC,et al.Achievements in forest tree improvement in Australia and New Zealand 8.Successful introduction and breeding of radiata pine in Australia[J].Australian Forestry,2007,70:215-225.
[5]MCKEAND S.The success of tree breeding in the southern US[J].BioResources,2015,10:1-2.
[6]陈岳武,施季森.杉木遗传改良中的若干基本问题[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),1983,25(4):5-18.
[7]广东省林业科学研究院.DB44T 1533-2015杉木种子园营建技术规程[S].广州:广东省质量技术监督局,2015.
[8]湖南省林业科学院,广东省林业科学研究院,湖南省攸县林业科学研究所,等.LY/T2542-2015杉木种子园营建技术规程[S].北京:国家林业局,2015.
[9]郑勇平,孙鸿有,董汝湘,等.杉木不同世代不同类型种子园遗传改良增益研究[J].林业科学,2007,43(3):20-27.
[10]陈代喜,吴友良,莫尚伟,等.广西杉木良种选育现状与对策[J].林业科技开发,2010,24(1):1-5.
[11]张勰,徐清乾,许忠坤,等.杉木第三代种子园分步式营建技术[J].湖南林业科技,2017,44(5):100-104.
[12]许鲁平.杉木种子园高产、稳产研究概述[J].南昌工程学院学报,2011,30(6):49-53;61.
[13]ZHENG HQ,HU DH,WANG RH,et al.Assessing 62Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata)breeding parents in a 12-year grafted clone test[J].Forests,2015,6(10):3799-3808.
[14]张勰,徐清乾,顾杨传,等.杉木第2代种子园自由授粉子代测定与亲本结实性状联合选择[J].浙江林业科技,2017,37(4):1-5.
[15]沈熙环.种子园“矮化”是良种基地经营方向:考察广东等省(区)种子园的体会[J].林业科技通讯,2017(11):91-92.
[16]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,南京林业大学,江西省林业科学研究所,等.GB 7908-1999林木种子质量分级[S].北京:国家质量技术监督局,1999.
[17]胡德活,晏姝,王润辉,等.杉木第二代种子园子代遗传变异及优良家系选择研究[J].广东林业科技,2010,26(3):8-13.
[18]ZHENG HQ,DUAN HJ,HU DH,et al.Genotypic variation of Cunninghamia lanceolata revealed by phenotypic traits and SRAP markers[J].Dendrobiology,2015,74:85-94.
[19]DUAN HJ,HU DH,LI Y,et al.Characterization of a collection of Chinese fir elite genotypes using sequence-related amplified polymorphism markers[J].Journal of Forestry Research,2016,27(5):1105-1110.
[20]SU Y,HU DH,ZHENG HQ.Detection of SNPs based on DNA specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing in Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb.)Hook)[J].Dendrobiology,2016,76:73-79.
[21]DUAN HJ,CAO S,ZHENG HQ,et al.Genetic Characterization of Chinese fir from six provinces in southern China and construction of a core collection[J].Scientific Reports,2017,7(1):13814..
[22]HU DH,SU Y,WU SJ,et al.Association of SRAP markers with juvenile wood basic density and growth traits in Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb.)Hook[J].Dendrobiology,2018,79:111-118.
[2]福克纳R.林木种子园[M].徐燕千译.北京:中国林业出版社,1981.
[3]王章荣.高世代种子园营建的一些技术问题[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2012,36(1):8-10.
[4]WU HX,ELDRIDGE KG,MATHESON AC,et al.Achievements in forest tree improvement in Australia and New Zealand 8.Successful introduction and breeding of radiata pine in Australia[J].Australian Forestry,2007,70:215-225.
[5]MCKEAND S.The success of tree breeding in the southern US[J].BioResources,2015,10:1-2.
[6]陈岳武,施季森.杉木遗传改良中的若干基本问题[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),1983,25(4):5-18.
[7]广东省林业科学研究院.DB44T 1533-2015杉木种子园营建技术规程[S].广州:广东省质量技术监督局,2015.
[8]湖南省林业科学院,广东省林业科学研究院,湖南省攸县林业科学研究所,等.LY/T2542-2015杉木种子园营建技术规程[S].北京:国家林业局,2015.
[9]郑勇平,孙鸿有,董汝湘,等.杉木不同世代不同类型种子园遗传改良增益研究[J].林业科学,2007,43(3):20-27.
[10]陈代喜,吴友良,莫尚伟,等.广西杉木良种选育现状与对策[J].林业科技开发,2010,24(1):1-5.
[11]张勰,徐清乾,许忠坤,等.杉木第三代种子园分步式营建技术[J].湖南林业科技,2017,44(5):100-104.
[12]许鲁平.杉木种子园高产、稳产研究概述[J].南昌工程学院学报,2011,30(6):49-53;61.
[13]ZHENG HQ,HU DH,WANG RH,et al.Assessing 62Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata)breeding parents in a 12-year grafted clone test[J].Forests,2015,6(10):3799-3808.
[14]张勰,徐清乾,顾杨传,等.杉木第2代种子园自由授粉子代测定与亲本结实性状联合选择[J].浙江林业科技,2017,37(4):1-5.
[15]沈熙环.种子园“矮化”是良种基地经营方向:考察广东等省(区)种子园的体会[J].林业科技通讯,2017(11):91-92.
[16]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,南京林业大学,江西省林业科学研究所,等.GB 7908-1999林木种子质量分级[S].北京:国家质量技术监督局,1999.
[17]胡德活,晏姝,王润辉,等.杉木第二代种子园子代遗传变异及优良家系选择研究[J].广东林业科技,2010,26(3):8-13.
[18]ZHENG HQ,DUAN HJ,HU DH,et al.Genotypic variation of Cunninghamia lanceolata revealed by phenotypic traits and SRAP markers[J].Dendrobiology,2015,74:85-94.
[19]DUAN HJ,HU DH,LI Y,et al.Characterization of a collection of Chinese fir elite genotypes using sequence-related amplified polymorphism markers[J].Journal of Forestry Research,2016,27(5):1105-1110.
[20]SU Y,HU DH,ZHENG HQ.Detection of SNPs based on DNA specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing in Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb.)Hook)[J].Dendrobiology,2016,76:73-79.
[21]DUAN HJ,CAO S,ZHENG HQ,et al.Genetic Characterization of Chinese fir from six provinces in southern China and construction of a core collection[J].Scientific Reports,2017,7(1):13814..
[22]HU DH,SU Y,WU SJ,et al.Association of SRAP markers with juvenile wood basic density and growth traits in Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb.)Hook[J].Dendrobiology,2018,79:111-118.