鄂东南铜绿山大型铜铁金矿床成矿岩体年代学、地球化学特征及成矿意义
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摘要
通过详细的野外地质调查及室内岩相学观察,在鄂东南铜绿山矿区新发现的深部矿体中厘定出两类中酸性侵入岩与夕卡岩矿化密切相关,分别为石英二长闪长岩和石英二长闪长玢岩,两者在岩相上呈过渡关系。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年表明,两者形成时代基本一致,锆石~(206)Pb/~(238)U加权平均年龄分别为(141.0±0.8)Ma和(141.3±1.1)Ma,属长江中下游地区早白垩世构造岩浆活动的产物。两类岩浆岩都具有高硅(SiO_2>63%)、富碱(K_2O+Na_2O=7.38%~8.22%)、富铝(Al_2O_3>15%)和准铝质等特征,属I型高钾钙碱性花岗岩系列。在微量元素组成上,两者都具有高Sr和贫重稀土元素(Y和Yb)等特征,显示出埃达克质岩的地球化学属性,可能是富集地幔源区的碱性玄武质岩浆混染下地壳物质经同化混染分离结晶(AFC)过程形成。此外,两类岩浆岩都富含角闪石、磁铁矿和榍石,且锆石微量元素Ce~(4+)/Ce~(3+)比值较高(347~1231),指示岩浆形成源区为高氧逸度和富水环境,有利于铜铁金等成矿元素在岩浆熔体中富集。
The quartz monzodiorite and quartz monzodiorite porphyry in the Tonglüshan deposit are distinguished based on detailed geological field investigations and petrographic observations, and found to be closely related to Cu-Fe-Au skarn mineralization. Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating provides weighted mean ~(206)Pb/~(238)U ages of(141.0±0.8) Ma and(141.3±1.1) Ma for the quartz monzodiorite and quartz monzodiorite porphyry, respectively, indicating they were both formed during the Early Cretaceous in the Middle-Lower Yangtze River area. They are characterized by high silicon(SiO_2 > 63%), and are alkali-rich(K_2O + Na_2O = 7.38% – 8.22%), aluminum-rich(Al_2O_3 > 15%), and show high-potassium calc-alkaline and I-type granite series features. They are also rich in Sr and poor in heavy rare earth element(HREE)(Y and Yb) contents, showing geochemical characteristics of adakitic rocks, and may have been derived from an enriched mantle source where alkaline basaltic magma mixed with lower crustal material by assimilation and fractional crytallization(AFC) process. Moreover, they both contain abundant magmatic amphibole, magnetite, and titanite, and have high Ce~(4+)/Ce~(3+) ratios(347-1231) of zircon. This implies that the magma formed in an environment with a high oxygen fugacity and hydrous-rich melt, which cause enrichment of ore-forming elements such as copper, iron, and gold in the magmatic melt.
The quartz monzodiorite and quartz monzodiorite porphyry in the Tonglüshan deposit are distinguished based on detailed geological field investigations and petrographic observations, and found to be closely related to Cu-Fe-Au skarn mineralization. Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating provides weighted mean ~(206)Pb/~(238)U ages of(141.0±0.8) Ma and(141.3±1.1) Ma for the quartz monzodiorite and quartz monzodiorite porphyry, respectively, indicating they were both formed during the Early Cretaceous in the Middle-Lower Yangtze River area. They are characterized by high silicon(SiO_2 > 63%), and are alkali-rich(K_2O + Na_2O = 7.38% – 8.22%), aluminum-rich(Al_2O_3 > 15%), and show high-potassium calc-alkaline and I-type granite series features. They are also rich in Sr and poor in heavy rare earth element(HREE)(Y and Yb) contents, showing geochemical characteristics of adakitic rocks, and may have been derived from an enriched mantle source where alkaline basaltic magma mixed with lower crustal material by assimilation and fractional crytallization(AFC) process. Moreover, they both contain abundant magmatic amphibole, magnetite, and titanite, and have high Ce~(4+)/Ce~(3+) ratios(347-1231) of zircon. This implies that the magma formed in an environment with a high oxygen fugacity and hydrous-rich melt, which cause enrichment of ore-forming elements such as copper, iron, and gold in the magmatic melt.
引文
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