水分胁迫对小麦幼苗中活性氧与细胞死亡的影响
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摘要
【目的】研究水分胁迫迫对抗旱与干旱敏感型小麦幼苗叶片活性氧与细胞死亡的影响。【方法】本实验选用2个耐旱性差异显著的小麦品种为材料,分析水分胁迫对小麦幼苗中脯氨酸含量、活性氧水平和细胞死亡程度等指标的影响。【结果】水分胁迫对旱选10号的叶片含水量、叶片渗透势和生物量影响相对较小,其下降幅度均低于郑引1号;叶片中脯氨酸(Pro)含量和根系活力的上升幅度则显著高于郑引1号;而叶片中丙二醛(MDA)含量和相对电导率上升幅度显著低于郑引1号。水分胁迫下,旱选10号叶片与根尖部位的H_2O_2含量、O~-_2水平及细胞死亡率也显著低于郑引1号。【结论】说明在水分胁迫下,旱选10号可以通过减缓体内活性氧积累,增加脯氨酸含量与根系活力和降低细胞死亡程度,从而增强了其对胁迫的耐受能力。
【Objective】The experiment aimed to study the effects of water stress on leaves reactive oxygen species and cell death in drought-resistant and drought-sensitive wheat seedlings.【Method】In this study two wheat cultivars with contrasting drought tolerance were used as materials to analyze the effects of water stress on proline content, reactive oxygen level and cell death degree in wheat seedlings. 【Result】The results showed that water stress affected less on leaf water content, leaf osmotic potential and seedling biomass of Hanxuan10 than that of Zhengyin1. Under water stress, the increasement of proline(Pro) content and root activity in Hanxuan10 was significantly higher than that in Zhengyin1, while malondialdehyde(MDA) content and relative conductivity in leaves were significantly lower in Hanxuan10. Moreover, H_2O_2 content, O~-_2level and cell death rate in leaves and root tips of Hanxuan10 were also significantly lower than that of Zhengyin1 under water stress. 【Conclusion】It indicated that Hanxuan10 could enhance tolerance to stress by reducing the accumulation of reactive oxygen, increasing proline content and root activity and reducing cell death.
【Objective】The experiment aimed to study the effects of water stress on leaves reactive oxygen species and cell death in drought-resistant and drought-sensitive wheat seedlings.【Method】In this study two wheat cultivars with contrasting drought tolerance were used as materials to analyze the effects of water stress on proline content, reactive oxygen level and cell death degree in wheat seedlings. 【Result】The results showed that water stress affected less on leaf water content, leaf osmotic potential and seedling biomass of Hanxuan10 than that of Zhengyin1. Under water stress, the increasement of proline(Pro) content and root activity in Hanxuan10 was significantly higher than that in Zhengyin1, while malondialdehyde(MDA) content and relative conductivity in leaves were significantly lower in Hanxuan10. Moreover, H_2O_2 content, O~-_2level and cell death rate in leaves and root tips of Hanxuan10 were also significantly lower than that of Zhengyin1 under water stress. 【Conclusion】It indicated that Hanxuan10 could enhance tolerance to stress by reducing the accumulation of reactive oxygen, increasing proline content and root activity and reducing cell death.
引文
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[2]Fedoroff N V,Battisti D S,Beachy R N,et al.Radically Rethinking Agriculture for the 21st Century[J].Science,2010;327:833-834.
[3]Zhu J K.Abiotic stress signaling and responses in plants[J].Cell,2016,167(2):313.
[4]赵永长,宋文静,董建新,等.黄腐酸钾对干旱胁迫下烤烟幼苗活性氧代谢的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2017,38(4):29-36.
[5]王琼,汪晓峰.家榆种子老化过程中ROS-类caspse-3途径的初步研究[C]//全国植物结构与生殖生物学学术研讨会,2012:948-955.
[6]Omami E N,Haigh A M,Medd R W,et al.Changes in germinability,dormancy and viability of Amaranthus retroflexus as affected by depth and duration of burial[J].Weed Research,2010,39(5):345-354.
[7]王邦锡,孙莉,黄久常.渗透胁迫引起的膜损伤与膜脂过氧化和某些自由基的关系[J].中国科学:化学生命科学地学,1992(4):364-368.
[8]Jabs T.Reactive oxygen intermediates as mediators of programmed cell death in plants and animals[J].Biochemical Pharmacology,1999,57(3):231-245.
[9]Dat J F,Pellinen R,Beeckman T,et al.Changes in hydrogen peroxide homeostasis trigger an active cell death process in tobacco[J].Plant Journal,2003,33(4):621-632.
[10]张志良.植物生理学实验指导(第二版)[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1990.
[11]Flexas J,Ribas-Carb?3 M,Bota J,et al.Decreased Rubisco activity during water stress is not induced by decreased relative water content but related to conditions of low stomatal conductance and chloroplast CO2 concentration[J].New Phytologist,2006,172(1):73-82.
[12]白宝璋,金锦子,白崧,等.玉米根系活力TTC测定法的改良[J].玉米科学,1994,2(4):44-47.
[13]李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
[14]曹丹.不同抗性玉米品种苗期干旱及复水过程中的生理响应[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院(教育部水土保持与生态环境研究中心),2015.
[15]Dutilleul C,Garmier M,Noctor G,et al.Leaf Mitochondria Modulate Whole Cell Redox Homeostasis,Set Antioxidant Capacity,and Determine Stress Resistance through Altered Signaling and Diurnal Regulation[J].Plant Cell,2003,15(5):1212-1226.
[16]Mason G A,Lemus T,Queitsch C.The Mechanistic Underpinnings of an ago1-Mediated,Environmentally Dependent,and Stochastic Phenotype[J].Plant Physiology,2016,170(4):2420.
[17]潘瑞炽.植物生理学(第7版)[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2012:334-336.
[18]王兰兰,张立军,陈贵.甘薯愈伤组织对干旱胁迫的生理反应研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2007,25(1):143-148.
[19]顾正中,周羊梅,杨子博,等.干旱胁迫下淮麦33等不同小麦品种幼苗生理响应的研究[J].西南农业学报,2017,30(1):67-71.
[20]Correia B,Pintómarijuan M,Neves L,et al.Water stress and recovery in the performance of two Eucalyptus globulus clones:physiological and biochemical profiles[J].Physiologia Plantarum,2014,150(4):580-592.
[21]朱维琴,吴良欢,陶勤南.作物根系对干旱胁迫逆境的适应性研究进展[J].土壤与环境,2002,11(4):430-433.
[22]谢小玉,张霞,张兵.油菜苗期抗旱性评价及抗旱相关指标变化分析[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(3):476-485.
[23]郭晓维.土壤水胁迫对冬小麦叶片的相对含水量、水势及渗透调节的影响[C].全国青年作物栽培作物生理学术会文集,1993.
[24]张伟明,孟军,王嘉宇,等.生物炭对水稻根系形态与生理特性及产量的影响[J].作物学报,2013,39(8):1445-1451.
[25]谭晓荣,吴兴泉,戴媛,等.小麦幼苗叶片活性氧清除能力对干旱胁迫的响应[J].河南农业科学,2007,36(1):27-30.
[26]李妮亚,高俊凤.小麦幼芽水分胁迫诱导蛋白的特征[J].植物生理学报,1998(1):65-71.
[27]李广敏,关军锋.作物抗旱生理与节水技术研究[M].北京:气象出版社,2001.
[28]De-Quan L I,Qi Z,Bing-Song C.Osmotic Adjustment and Osmotica of Wheat Cultivars with Different Drought Resistance Under Soil Drought[J].Plant Physiology Journal 1992,18.
[29]Fazeli F,Ghorbanli M,Niknam V.Effect of drought on biomass,protein content,lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in two sesame cultivars[J].Biologia Plantarum,2007,51(1):98-103.
[30]顾正中,周羊梅,杨子博,等.干旱胁迫下淮麦33等不同小麦品种幼苗生理响应的研究[J].西南农业学报,2017,30(1):67-71.
[31]Zhang L,Xin Z,Yu X,et al.Osmotic Stress Induced Cell Death in Wheat Is Alleviated by Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid and Involves Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Related Gene Expression.[J].Frontiers in Plant Science,2017,8:667.
[32]谭冬梅,许雪锋,李天忠,等.干旱胁迫诱导新疆野苹果细胞程序性死亡的细胞形态学研究[J].华北农学报,2007,22(1):50-55.
[33]刘艳,岳鑫,陈贵林.水分胁迫对甘草叶片和根系细胞超微结构与膜脂过氧化的影响[J].草业学报,2010,19(6):79-86.