一种组合换流器内部直流电压均衡控制方法
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摘要
模块化多电平换流器(MMC)适用于高压大容量柔性直流输电系统,采用基于MMC的组合换流器拓扑是提升直流输电电压等级和容量的有效手段之一。首先,分析了组合换流器的拓扑和稳态基本控制策略,以及系统直流电压扰动时各换流单元的能量和电压变化趋势,指出其稳态运行时存在串联换流单元电压不均衡问题;然后,提出在定功率站附加电压均衡控制策略,即在有功控制通道上叠加一个均压控制量,以实现换流器内部直流电压的均衡控制和功率均分。最后,在PSCAD/EMTDC环境下搭建基于MMC换流单元的组合换流器双端直流系统仿真模型,仿真结果验证了所提控制策略的有效性。
Modular multilevel converter(MMC)is suitable for high voltage bulk power flexible direct current transmission system. To improve the voltage level and transmission capacity of HVDC, the MMC based assembly converter is one of the most effective methods.Based on the topology and steady state control strategy of assembly converter, the energy and voltage variation trend of each basic converter units are analyzed when the DC voltage disturbance happens. Then the voltage unbalance among series converter units is pointed out. For this problem, an additional voltage balance strategy is proposed. In fixed power converter station, a voltage deviation value is added on the active control channel. In this case, the power and DC voltage of each basic converter units can get average distribution. A two terminal simulation model of the assembly converter based on PSCAD/EMTDC is built, and the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is verified by the time-domain simulation.
Modular multilevel converter(MMC)is suitable for high voltage bulk power flexible direct current transmission system. To improve the voltage level and transmission capacity of HVDC, the MMC based assembly converter is one of the most effective methods.Based on the topology and steady state control strategy of assembly converter, the energy and voltage variation trend of each basic converter units are analyzed when the DC voltage disturbance happens. Then the voltage unbalance among series converter units is pointed out. For this problem, an additional voltage balance strategy is proposed. In fixed power converter station, a voltage deviation value is added on the active control channel. In this case, the power and DC voltage of each basic converter units can get average distribution. A two terminal simulation model of the assembly converter based on PSCAD/EMTDC is built, and the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is verified by the time-domain simulation.
引文
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[9]徐政,薛英林,张哲任.大容量架空线柔性直流输电关键技术及前景展望[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(29):5051-5062.XU Zheng, XUE Yinglin, Zhang Zheren. VSC-HVDC technology suitable for bulk power overhead line transmission[J]. Proceeding of the CSEE, 2014, 34(29):5051-5062.
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[12]李斌,李晔,何佳伟,等.基于模块化多电平的柔性直流系统故障稳态特性分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(21):1-8.LI Bin,LI Ye, HE Jiawei,et al. Stable fault characteristic analysis of the DC system based on modular multilevel converter[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2016,44(21):1-8.
[13] XIONG L S, ZHUO F. Chopper controller based DC voltage control strategy for cascaded multilevel STATCOM[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering&Technology,2014,9(2):576-588.
[14]熊连松,卓放,刘小康,等.不对称电网同步相位的快速开环捕获方法研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2015.35(22):5682-5691.XIONG Liansong, ZHUO Fang, LIU Xiaokang, et al.Research on fast phase synchronization scheme for threephase unbalanced power system[J]. Proceeding of the CSEE,2015,35(22):5682-5691.
[15]瞿萍,朱鹏飞.模块化多电平换流器调制策略研究[J].陕西电力,2016,44(06):38-41+68.QU Ping,ZHU Pengfei. Study on MMC regulation policies[J]. Shaanxi Electric Power,2016,44(06):38-41+68.
[16]熊岩,赵成勇,许建中.模块化多电平换流器电容电压均衡排序算法综述[J].电力工程技术,2017,36(02):1-8.XIONG Yan,ZHAO Chengyong,XU Jianzhong. A review of ranking algorithms for MMC capacitor voltages balancing[J].Electric Power Engineering Technology,2017,36(02):1-8.
[17]徐友平,张珂,潘晓杰,等.渝鄂背靠背柔性直流附加阻尼控制策略研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(18):163-169.XU Youping, ZHANG Ke, PAN Xiaojie, et al. Damping control based on back to back VSC-HVDC connecting Chongqing and Hubei power grid[J]. Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(18):163-169.
[18] GUAN M Y, XU Z. Modeling and control of a modular multilevel converter-based HVDC system under unbalanced grid conditions[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2012,27(12):4858-4867
[19] PERALTA J,SAAD H, DENNETIERE S, et al. Detailed and averaged models for a 401-level MMC-HVDC system[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2012,27(3):1501-1509.
[20]管敏渊,徐政.模块化多电平换流器型直流输电的建模与控制[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(19):64-68.GUAN Minyuan, XU Zheng. Modeling and control of modular multilevel converter in HVDC transmission[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(19):64-68.
[21]许建中.模块化多电平换流器电磁暂态高效建模方法研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2014.
[2]汤广福,罗湘,魏晓光.多端直流输电与直流电网技术[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(10):8-17.TANG Guangfu, LUO Xiang, WEI Xiaguang. Multiterminal HVDC and DC-grid technology[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(10):8-17.
[3] FLOURENTZOU N, AGELIDIS V G, DEMETRIADES G D,et al. VSC-based HVDC power transmission systems:an overview[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2009,24(3):592-602.
[4]苏新霞,王致杰,陈丽娟.柔性直流输电特点及应用前景研究[J].陕西电力,2014,42(5):35-39.SU Xinxia, WANG Zhijie, CHEN Lijuan. Research on characteristics and application prospects of flexible HVDCtransmission[J]. Shaanxi Electric Power,2014,42(5):35-39.
[5]陆地,李玉,武文广,等.大功率电力电子技术在我国直流输配电领域的应用[J].智慧电力,2017,45(8):1-8.LU Di, LI Yu, WU Wenguang, et al. Application of high power electronic technology in DC transmission and distribution[J]. Smart Power, 2017,45(8):1-8.
[6]李岩,罗雨,许树楷,等.柔性直流输电技术:应用、进步与期望[J].南方电网技术,2015,9(1):7-13.LI Yan, LUO Yu, XU Shukai, et al. VSC-HVDC transmission technology:application,advancement and expectation[J]. Southern Power System Technology,2015,9(1):7-13.
[7]徐政,屠卿瑞,裘鹏.从2010国际大电网会议看直流输电技术的发展方向[J].高电压技术,2010,36(12):3070-3077.XU Zheng, TU Qingrui,QIU Peng. New trends in HVDC technology viewed through CIGRE 2010[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(12):3070-3077.
[8]徐政,屠卿瑞,管敏渊,等.柔性直流输电系统[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2013:1-25.
[9]徐政,薛英林,张哲任.大容量架空线柔性直流输电关键技术及前景展望[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(29):5051-5062.XU Zheng, XUE Yinglin, Zhang Zheren. VSC-HVDC technology suitable for bulk power overhead line transmission[J]. Proceeding of the CSEE, 2014, 34(29):5051-5062.
[10] ADAM G P, WILLIAMS B W. Multi-pole voltage source converter HVDC transmission systems[J]. Generation Transmission&Distribution IET,2016,10(2):496-507.
[11]汤广福.基于电压源换流器的高压直流输电技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2010.
[12]李斌,李晔,何佳伟,等.基于模块化多电平的柔性直流系统故障稳态特性分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(21):1-8.LI Bin,LI Ye, HE Jiawei,et al. Stable fault characteristic analysis of the DC system based on modular multilevel converter[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2016,44(21):1-8.
[13] XIONG L S, ZHUO F. Chopper controller based DC voltage control strategy for cascaded multilevel STATCOM[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering&Technology,2014,9(2):576-588.
[14]熊连松,卓放,刘小康,等.不对称电网同步相位的快速开环捕获方法研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2015.35(22):5682-5691.XIONG Liansong, ZHUO Fang, LIU Xiaokang, et al.Research on fast phase synchronization scheme for threephase unbalanced power system[J]. Proceeding of the CSEE,2015,35(22):5682-5691.
[15]瞿萍,朱鹏飞.模块化多电平换流器调制策略研究[J].陕西电力,2016,44(06):38-41+68.QU Ping,ZHU Pengfei. Study on MMC regulation policies[J]. Shaanxi Electric Power,2016,44(06):38-41+68.
[16]熊岩,赵成勇,许建中.模块化多电平换流器电容电压均衡排序算法综述[J].电力工程技术,2017,36(02):1-8.XIONG Yan,ZHAO Chengyong,XU Jianzhong. A review of ranking algorithms for MMC capacitor voltages balancing[J].Electric Power Engineering Technology,2017,36(02):1-8.
[17]徐友平,张珂,潘晓杰,等.渝鄂背靠背柔性直流附加阻尼控制策略研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(18):163-169.XU Youping, ZHANG Ke, PAN Xiaojie, et al. Damping control based on back to back VSC-HVDC connecting Chongqing and Hubei power grid[J]. Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(18):163-169.
[18] GUAN M Y, XU Z. Modeling and control of a modular multilevel converter-based HVDC system under unbalanced grid conditions[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2012,27(12):4858-4867
[19] PERALTA J,SAAD H, DENNETIERE S, et al. Detailed and averaged models for a 401-level MMC-HVDC system[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2012,27(3):1501-1509.
[20]管敏渊,徐政.模块化多电平换流器型直流输电的建模与控制[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(19):64-68.GUAN Minyuan, XU Zheng. Modeling and control of modular multilevel converter in HVDC transmission[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(19):64-68.
[21]许建中.模块化多电平换流器电磁暂态高效建模方法研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2014.