铝硅酸盐纳米矿物的地质意义和资源价值再认识
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摘要
本文简析了三种典型铝硅酸盐纳米矿物(埃洛石、伊毛缟石和水铝英石)的结构和性质特点;探讨了它们在其典型赋存环境中对元素迁移和富集所起的作用和机理,包括风化淋积型稀土矿床中埃洛石对稀土元素赋存所起的作用,火山灰风化壤等体系中伊毛缟石和水铝英石对重金属离子、放射性元素、阴离子和有机碳迁移所起的作用等;还浅析了这三种特殊非金属矿物的工业应用的可能性和条件。
In this paper,the characteristics of the structures and properties of three typical aluminosilicate nanominerals,namely,halloysite,imogolite and allophane,are briefly discussed. The roles and related mechanisms of these minerals in the processes of element migration and accumulation in their typical occurring environments are reviewed. Such processes include the roles of halloysite for the storage of rare earth elements( REE) in leaching weathering-crust REE deposits and the roles of imogolite and allophane for the migration of heavy metal ions,radioactive elements,anions and organic carbon in volcanical soils. How the various local structures and surface properties of the aluminosilicate nanominerals determine their performance( e. g.,in adsorption) as the host minerals and affect the related geochemical processes are discussed. Particular concern is put on the unique reactivity related to certain microstructures of the above-mentioned nanominerals,such as the inner surface of tubular structure of halloysite. The potentials,applicability and prospects of these unique nonmentallic nanominerals for industrial applications are also discussed.
In this paper,the characteristics of the structures and properties of three typical aluminosilicate nanominerals,namely,halloysite,imogolite and allophane,are briefly discussed. The roles and related mechanisms of these minerals in the processes of element migration and accumulation in their typical occurring environments are reviewed. Such processes include the roles of halloysite for the storage of rare earth elements( REE) in leaching weathering-crust REE deposits and the roles of imogolite and allophane for the migration of heavy metal ions,radioactive elements,anions and organic carbon in volcanical soils. How the various local structures and surface properties of the aluminosilicate nanominerals determine their performance( e. g.,in adsorption) as the host minerals and affect the related geochemical processes are discussed. Particular concern is put on the unique reactivity related to certain microstructures of the above-mentioned nanominerals,such as the inner surface of tubular structure of halloysite. The potentials,applicability and prospects of these unique nonmentallic nanominerals for industrial applications are also discussed.
引文
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