不同热解温度下酚醛树脂复合材料渗透率测试
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摘要
为了获得不同热解温度下酚醛树脂复合材料渗透率,设计搭建了复合材料气体渗透过程实验测量装置,提出了一种测量复合材料渗透率的方法,基于达西定律获得了复合材料渗透率。以不同热解温度下酚醛树脂复合材料为研究对象,进行了气体渗透过程实验测量,获得了材料上下表面气体压力变化曲线,同时得到了渗透过材料的气体流量,进而通过达西定律得出材料的渗透率。结果表明,该实验装置能够实现复杂孔隙复合材料的渗透率的测量。整体上,热解温度越高,渗透率越大。热解温度为400℃,渗透率量级在10-13; 600℃和800℃时,渗透率量级在10-11。材料渗透率K和热解温度T满足K=9. 7×10-14T-4×10-11。该实验结果为该类材料的渗透和热质扩散性能分析提供了基础物性数据。
To acquire the permeability of phenolic composites under different pyrolysis temperatures,the experimental device which was used for the measurement in gas permeation process in phenolic composites was developed,and a method for measuring permeability of phenolic composites was presented. The formula for calculating permeability was derived based on Darcy's law. Phenolic composites under different pyrolysis temperatures were chosen as the research object. Though experiment measurement,the gas pressure between down and upper materials and the gas flow penetrating the materials were obtained. The permeability of the materials was obtained according to Darcy's law. The results show that the permeability of complex pore composites can be measured by this experimental device. Overall,the higher the pyrolysis temperature is,the greater the permeability is. The permeability level is in 10-13 at 400℃ pyrolysis temperature,and in 10-11 at600℃ and 800℃ pyrolysis temperature. Furthermore,permeability of phenolic composites K and pyrolysis temperature T meet the formula K = 9. 7 × 10-14 T-4 × 10-11. The experimental results can provide basic property data for the theoretical analysis on permeability and heat and mass diffusion performance.
To acquire the permeability of phenolic composites under different pyrolysis temperatures,the experimental device which was used for the measurement in gas permeation process in phenolic composites was developed,and a method for measuring permeability of phenolic composites was presented. The formula for calculating permeability was derived based on Darcy's law. Phenolic composites under different pyrolysis temperatures were chosen as the research object. Though experiment measurement,the gas pressure between down and upper materials and the gas flow penetrating the materials were obtained. The permeability of the materials was obtained according to Darcy's law. The results show that the permeability of complex pore composites can be measured by this experimental device. Overall,the higher the pyrolysis temperature is,the greater the permeability is. The permeability level is in 10-13 at 400℃ pyrolysis temperature,and in 10-11 at600℃ and 800℃ pyrolysis temperature. Furthermore,permeability of phenolic composites K and pyrolysis temperature T meet the formula K = 9. 7 × 10-14 T-4 × 10-11. The experimental results can provide basic property data for the theoretical analysis on permeability and heat and mass diffusion performance.
引文
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[19]田波,金哲权,魏东升,等.固化石墨的渗透率测试[J].化工学报,2010,61(S2):35-38.TIAN B,JIN Z Q,WEI D S,et al.Testing on permeability of compacted graphite[J]CIESC Journal,2010,61(S2):35-38(in Chinese).
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[21]严兆大.热能与动力工程测试技术[M].2版.北京:机械工业出版社,2005:45-47.YAN Z D.Thermal energy and power engineering testing technology[M].2nd ed.Beijing:China Machine Press,2005:45-47(in Chinese).
[2]DAVID W K H,JOSEPH H K,MORGAN C B,et al.A review of numerical and experimental characterization of thermal protection materials-Part III.Experimental testing:AIAA-2007-5773[R].Reston:AIAA,2007.
[3]王晶,夏新林,李东辉,等.微纳孔隙材料渗透率的瞬态实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2016,37(9):2023-2026.WANG J,XIA X L,LI D H,et al.Transient experiment on the permeability of micro-nano porous materials[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2016,37(9):2023-2026(in Chinese).
[4]谢涛,何雅玲,吴明,等.气凝胶纳米多孔隔热材料传热计算模型的研究[J].工程热物理学报,2014,35(2):299-304.XIE T,HE Y L,WU M,et al.Study on theoretical model for the effective thermal conductivity of silica aerogel composite insulating materials[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2014,35(2):299-304(in Chinese).
[5]杨琼梁,史晓鸣,许斌,等.烧蚀防热层与结构耦合热传导分析的交替计算法[J].宇航学报,2011,32(8):1854-1858.YANG Q L,SHI X M,XU B,et al.Alternative algorithm for heat transfer analysis of ablative protection layer coupled with structure[J].Journal of Astronautics,2011,32(8):1854-1858(in Chinese).
[6]BENZI R,SUCCI S,VERGASSOLA M.The lattice Boltzmann equation theory and applications[J].Physics Reports,1992,222(3):145-197.
[7]ADLER P M,BERKOWITZ B.Effective medium analysis of random lattices[J].Transport Porous Media,2000,40(2):145-151.
[8]WANG T J,WU C H,LEE L J.In-plane permeability measurement and analysis in liquid composite molding[J].Polymer Composites,1994,15(4):278-288.
[9]CHEN Z Q,CHENG P,ZHAO T S.An experimental study of two phase flow and boiling heat transfer in bi-dispersed porous channels[J].International Communication Heat and Mass Transfer,2000,27(3):293-302.
[10]李嘉禄,吴晓青,冯驰.RTM中纤维渗透率预测的研究进展[J].复合材料学报,2006,23(6):1-8.LI J L,WU X Q,FENG C.Research progress on the permeability prediction of fiber in RTM[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2006,23(6):1-8(in Chinese).
[11]李月峰,张东.膨胀石墨/Li Cl-NaCl复合相变材料导热系数各向异性[J].功能材料,2013,44(16):2409-2415.LI Y F,ZHANG D.The anisotropic thermal conductivity Li ClNa Cl/expanded graphite composite phase change materials[J].Journal of Functional Materials,2013,44(16):2409-2415(in Chinese).
[12]黄飞,程晓丽,俞继军.多孔隙隔热材料内压的时间响应[J].宇航学报,2010,31(1):233-238.HUANG F,CHENG X L,YU J J.The study of pressure respond to time on multiaperture insulating material[J].Journal of Astronautics,2010,31(1):233-238(in Chinese).
[13]郑成航,程乐鸣,李涛,等.多孔介质内低热值气体燃烧及传热数值模拟[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2010,44(8):1567-1572.ZHENG C H,CHENG L M,LI T,et al.Numeical simulation of low calorific gas combustion and heat transfer in porous media[J].Journal of Zhengjiang University(Engineering Science),2010,44(8):1567-1572(in Chinese).
[14]JIANG P X,LI M,LU T J,et al.Experimental research on convection heat transfer in sintered porous plate channels[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2004,47(10-11):2085-2096.
[15]江龙,金哲权,王丽伟,等.不同吸附量条件下氯化锶混合吸附剂-氨的导热系数与渗透率研究[J].制冷学报,2013,34(3):35-39.JIANG L,JIN Z Q,WANG L W,et al.Study on the thermal conductivity and permeability of composite SrCl2-NH3working pair under the condition of different values for adsorption quantity[J].Journal of Refrigeration,2013,34(3):35-39(in Chinese).
[16]GASCOIN N.High temperature and pressure reactive flows through porous media[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow,2011,37(1):24-35.
[17]KIM H M,LETTY Y,PARK D,et al.Field evaluation of permeability of concrete linings and rock masses around underground lined rock caverns by a novel in-situ measurement system[J].Engineering Geology,2012,137:97-106.
[18]BYON C,KIM S J.The effect of the particle size distribution and packing structure on the permeability of sintered porous wicks[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2013,61:499-504.
[19]田波,金哲权,魏东升,等.固化石墨的渗透率测试[J].化工学报,2010,61(S2):35-38.TIAN B,JIN Z Q,WEI D S,et al.Testing on permeability of compacted graphite[J]CIESC Journal,2010,61(S2):35-38(in Chinese).
[20]中国国家标准化管理委员会.精细陶瓷密度和显气孔率试验方法:GB/T 25995-2010[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2011:4-5.Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.Test methods for density and apparent porosity of fine ceramics:GB/T 25995-2010[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2011:4-5(in Chinese).
[21]严兆大.热能与动力工程测试技术[M].2版.北京:机械工业出版社,2005:45-47.YAN Z D.Thermal energy and power engineering testing technology[M].2nd ed.Beijing:China Machine Press,2005:45-47(in Chinese).