沙尘胁迫对山楂光合、荧光特性的影响
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摘要
以23a生山楂为试验材料,对叶片进行轻度沙尘胁迫(5mg/cm~2)和重度沙尘胁迫(12mg/cm~2),无沙尘覆盖为对照,并在10d、20d、30d、40d时测定叶片的光合、叶绿素荧光等参数,为山楂栽培管理提供理论依据。结果表明:随着沙尘胁迫程度的加重,山楂的净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)呈下降趋势,重度沙尘胁迫的下降幅度大于轻度沙尘胁迫;但胞间CO_2浓度(Ci)呈先升后降的变化趋势,轻度沙尘胁迫的Ci值始终大于重度沙尘胁迫,说明在沙尘胁迫处理前期,非气孔因素是限制山楂叶片光合作用的主要因素,到处理后期气孔因素成为主要限制因素。沙尘胁迫导致最大PSⅡ量子产率(QYmax)呈下降趋势,但在处理后期通过提高PSⅡ的潜在活性(Fv/F0)、稳态下非光化学淬灭系数(q N_Lss)和稳态下PSⅡ的光淬灭系数(q P_Lss)来消耗过剩光能,保护光合机构。
The research focused on Crataegus spp.,the stress treatment was performed by mild dust stress(5 mg/cm~2) and sever dust stress(12 mg/cm~2),with 0 mg/cm~2 as a control. Photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured at 10,20,30 and 40 d after treatment. The result showed that with the dust stress increasing,Pn,Gs and Tr decreased; Ci increased at the beginning but later declined,and that under severe dust treatment was more than that under mild dust treatment,showing that non-stomatal restrictions to the photosynthetic rate was the main factor at the beginning of the treatment,but stomatal inhibition became the main factor at later stages. Dust stress reduced QYmax,but the plant protected the photosynthetic mechanism by increasing Fv/F0,qN_Lss and qP_Lss to consume excess luminous energy.
The research focused on Crataegus spp.,the stress treatment was performed by mild dust stress(5 mg/cm~2) and sever dust stress(12 mg/cm~2),with 0 mg/cm~2 as a control. Photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured at 10,20,30 and 40 d after treatment. The result showed that with the dust stress increasing,Pn,Gs and Tr decreased; Ci increased at the beginning but later declined,and that under severe dust treatment was more than that under mild dust treatment,showing that non-stomatal restrictions to the photosynthetic rate was the main factor at the beginning of the treatment,but stomatal inhibition became the main factor at later stages. Dust stress reduced QYmax,but the plant protected the photosynthetic mechanism by increasing Fv/F0,qN_Lss and qP_Lss to consume excess luminous energy.
引文
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[19]薛惠云,张永江,刘连涛,等.干旱胁迫与复水对棉花叶片光谱、光合和荧光参数的影响[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(11):2386-2393.
[20]周忆堂,马红群,梁丽娇,等.不同光照条件下长春花的光合作用和叶绿素荧光动力学特征[J].中国农业科学,2008,41(11):3589-3595.
[21]郑国华,潘东明,牛先前,等.冰核细菌对低温胁迫下枇杷光合参数和叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2010,18(6):1251-1255.
[22]刘涛,刘文耀,柳帅,等. Pb2+、Zn2+胁迫对附生西南树平藓叶绿素含量和光合荧光特性的影响[J].生态学杂志,2017,36(7):1885-1893.
[23]Razinger J,Dermastia M,Drinovec L,et al. Antioxidative responses of duckweed(Lemna minor L.)to short term copper exposure[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International,2007,14(3):194-201.
[2]许大全.光合作用效率[M].上海:上海科技出版社,2002:157-261.
[3]祖力克艳·麻那甫,牙库甫江·马合木提,萨吉旦·阿卜杜克日木,等.不同沙尘覆盖对3种果树叶片光合特性及叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].西南农业学报,2017,30(4):757-761.
[4]帕提古力·麦麦提,巴特尔·巴克,海利力·库尔班.沙尘胁迫对阿月浑子光合作用及叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].生态学报,2014,34(22):6450-6459.
[5]裴斌,张光灿,张淑勇,等.土壤干旱胁迫对沙棘叶片光合作用和抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].生态学报,2013,33(5):1386-1396.
[6]柳唐镜,张棵,刘国英,等.中国山楂属植物资源研究和利用现状[J].南方农业学报,2011,42(8):847-852.
[7]刘家兰,徐晓玉.山楂的药理作用研究进展[J].中草药,2009(s1):63-66.
[8]Lotter D,Valentine A J,Van Garderen E A,et al. Physiological responses of a fynbos legume,Aspalathus linearis to drought stress[J]. South African Journal of Botany,2014,94(3):218-223.
[9]Miyashita K,Tanakamaru S,Maitani T,et al. Recovery responses of photosynthesis,transpiration,and stomatal conductance in kidney bean following drought stress[J]. Environmental and Experimental Botany,2005,53(2):205-214.
[10]赵湘江,王妍,田昆.清香木叶片光合荧光特性对土壤水分胁迫的响应[J].干旱区资源与环境,2015,29(1):83-88.
[11]王飞,刘世增,康才周,等.干旱胁迫对沙地云杉光合、叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(1):142-147.
[12]周瑞莲,贾有余,侯月利,等.不同厚度沙埋下植物光合特性变化与补偿性生长的关系[J].生态学报,2016,36(24):8111-8119.
[13]赵哈林,曲浩,周瑞莲,等.沙埋对沙米幼苗生长、存活及光合蒸腾特性的影响[J].生态学报,2013,33(18):5574-5579.
[14]郑有飞,石茗化,吴荣军,等.遮阴和臭氧浓度增加对冬小麦叶片光合作用的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(10):1925-1933.
[15]Farquhar G D,Sharkev T D. Stomatal conductance and photosynthesis[J]. Annual Review of Plant Physiology,1982,33:317-345.
[16]于文颖,纪瑞鹏,冯锐,等.干旱胁迫对玉米叶片光响应及叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(10):82-87.
[17]胡宏远,王振平.干旱胁迫对赤霞珠葡萄叶片水分及叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(4):124-130.
[18]王利,杨洪强,范伟国,等.平邑甜茶叶片光合速率及叶绿素荧光参数对氯化镉处理的响应[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(15):3176-3183.
[19]薛惠云,张永江,刘连涛,等.干旱胁迫与复水对棉花叶片光谱、光合和荧光参数的影响[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(11):2386-2393.
[20]周忆堂,马红群,梁丽娇,等.不同光照条件下长春花的光合作用和叶绿素荧光动力学特征[J].中国农业科学,2008,41(11):3589-3595.
[21]郑国华,潘东明,牛先前,等.冰核细菌对低温胁迫下枇杷光合参数和叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2010,18(6):1251-1255.
[22]刘涛,刘文耀,柳帅,等. Pb2+、Zn2+胁迫对附生西南树平藓叶绿素含量和光合荧光特性的影响[J].生态学杂志,2017,36(7):1885-1893.
[23]Razinger J,Dermastia M,Drinovec L,et al. Antioxidative responses of duckweed(Lemna minor L.)to short term copper exposure[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International,2007,14(3):194-201.
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