广昆铁路复线秀宁隧道大皮坡—中村段岩溶塌陷成因
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摘要
塌陷灾害的发生直接影响着秀宁隧道大皮坡-中村段沿线工农业生产和城镇居民生活,本研究以地质环境与隧道建设活动为基础,分析了区内塌陷的发育特征,揭示本区塌陷在隧道建设前后存在三个发生期:缓慢出现期、集中爆发期、后续影响期;本区塌陷发育存在四个阶段:初始稳定阶段、应力初步变化阶段、塌陷阶段、阶段性稳定阶段,并得出月累积降雨量210～290 mm为本区塌陷发生的临界降雨强度;进一步对本区岩溶富水带塌陷发育模式、断裂带塌陷发育模式进行了讨论,并通过引入塌陷斜率因子μ对区内不同地段潜在塌陷能力进行了对比分析,据此提出了防治措施。
The Dapipo-Zhongcun tunnel in Yunnan is an area where karst collapses frequently occur. The karst collapses have an important impact on the local industry and agriculture production,the daily life the local residents. It is of important significance to grasp the development regularity and formation mechanisms of the karst collapses. Based on the basic characteristics of geological environment of the study area,this article analyzes the temporal and spatial distribution of the karst collapses and reveals three emergence periods of the karst collapses: the slow emergence period,concentrated outbreak period and subsequent influence period.According to the standard of the main influence factors,the karst collapses in the study area are divided into four basic stages: the initial stable stage,initial change in stress stage,collapse stage and periodically stable stage. The formation mechanisms of the karst collapses are analyzed and grouped into two types. The corresponding prevention and control measures are also proposed. The research results may provide references for the improvement of local environmental conditions and control of geological disasters.
The Dapipo-Zhongcun tunnel in Yunnan is an area where karst collapses frequently occur. The karst collapses have an important impact on the local industry and agriculture production,the daily life the local residents. It is of important significance to grasp the development regularity and formation mechanisms of the karst collapses. Based on the basic characteristics of geological environment of the study area,this article analyzes the temporal and spatial distribution of the karst collapses and reveals three emergence periods of the karst collapses: the slow emergence period,concentrated outbreak period and subsequent influence period.According to the standard of the main influence factors,the karst collapses in the study area are divided into four basic stages: the initial stable stage,initial change in stress stage,collapse stage and periodically stable stage. The formation mechanisms of the karst collapses are analyzed and grouped into two types. The corresponding prevention and control measures are also proposed. The research results may provide references for the improvement of local environmental conditions and control of geological disasters.
引文
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[9]陈国亮.岩溶地面塌陷的成因与防治[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1994.[CHEN G L. The cause of formation of karst ground collapse and prevention[M]. Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,1994.(in Chinese)]
[10]李苍松,王石春,陈成宗.岩溶地区铁路工程地质研究[J].铁道工程学报,2005(增刊1):357-363.[LI C S,WANG S C,CHEN C Z. Research on the railway engineering geology in karst area[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2005(Sup 1):357-363.(in Chinese)]
[11]孙克国,张俊濡,李术才,等.长大隧道穿越张性富水软弱带诱发地表塌陷机理与支护荷载研究[J].山东大学学报(工学版),2011,41(5):97-102.[SUN K G,ZHANG J R,LI S C,et al. Research on surface subsidence mechanism and supporting load of Long tunnel through a tensional water-rich weak zone[J]. Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science),2011,41(5):97-102.(in Chinese)]
[12]戴桂华,彭梦鸽,贺炜.老屋湾隧道塌陷原因及处治方案比选研究[J].中外公路,2013,33(6):213-216.[DAI G H,PENG M G,HE W. Comparison research of House bay tunnel subsidence reason and treatment scheme[J]. The Chinese and Foreign Road,2013,33(6):213-216.(in Chinese)]
[13]丁文富,蒋良文,宋章,等.汤郎—易门深大活动断裂对秀宁隧道围岩改造作用分析[J].铁道标准设计,2019,63(2):1-6.[DING W F,JIANG L W,SONG Z,et al. Analysis of Tanglang-Yimen large active faults to Xiuning tunnel surrounding rock alteration[J]. Railway Standard Design,2019,63(2):1-6.(in Chinese)]
[14]刘丹,杨立中,王建秀.我国铁路建设中岩溶塌陷的基本特征及成因模式[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,1997,8(增刊1):18-22.[LIU D,YANG L Z,WANG J X. Essential features and genesis model of karst cqllapes ni construction of our railways[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazaro and Control,1997,8(Sup 1):18-22.(in Chinese)]
[15]李喜安,陈文军,邓亚虹,等.渗流潜蚀作用临界发生条件的推导[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(5):217-221.[LI X,CHEN W J,DENG Y H,et al. Formula derivation of the critical condition of sub-ground erosion[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,17(5):217-221.(in Chinese)]
[16]李广信.关于有效应力原理的几个问题[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(2):315-320.[LI G X. Some problems about principle of effective stress[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(2):315-320.(in Chinese)]
[17]周长松,邹胜章,夏日元,等.太原盆地地裂缝发育规律及防控措施[J].煤田地质与勘探,2016,44(2):73-78.[ZHOU C S,ZOU S Z,XIA Y,et al. Study of development regularity and preventative measure of ground fissures in Taiyuan basin[J]. Coal Geology&Exploration,2016,44(2):73-78.(in Chinese)]
[2]罗小杰,沈建.我国岩溶地面塌陷研究进展与展望[J].中国岩溶,2018,37(1):101-111.[LUO X J,SHEN J. Research progress and prospect of karst ground collapse in china[J]. Carsologica Sinica,2018,37(1):101-111.(in Chinese)]
[3] Santo Antonio,Budetta Paolo,Forte Giovanni,et al.Karst collapse susceptibility assessment:A case study on the Amalfi Coast(Southern Italy)[J].Geomorphologya,2017,(285):247-259.
[4]刘艳明.石牛岭隧道地表坍塌原因分析及处理方案探讨[J].中外公路,2018,38(3):228-231.[LIU Y M. The cause analysis and treatment scheme of surface collapse of Shi Niuling tunnel[J]. The Chinese and Foreign Road,2018,38(3):228-231.(in Chinese)]
[5]张成平,张顶立,王梦恕,等.城市隧道施工诱发的地面塌陷灾变机制及其控制[J].岩土力学,2010,31(增刊1):303-309.[ZHANG C P,ZHANG D L,WANG M R, et al. Catastrophe mechanism and control technology of ground collapse induced by urban tunneling[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(Sup 1):303-309.(in Chinese)]
[6]姜伏伟.岩溶塌陷发育机理模式研究[J].中国岩溶,2017,36(6):759-763.[JIANG F W. Study on the developing model of karst collapse[J]. Carsologica Sinica,2017,36(6):759-763.(in Chinese)]
[7]姜伏伟.广西武宣土洞发育水动力条件评价[J].水文地质工程地质,2017,44(2):90-95.[JIANG F W. Assessment on the hydraulic condition of forming soil-caves collapse in Wuxuan,Guangxi,China[J]. Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2017,44(2):90-95.(in Chinese)]
[8] Wu Yuqing, Wang Kui, Zhang Lianzhen, et al.Sand-layer collapse treatment:An engineering example from Qingdao Metro subway tunnel[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2018,(197):19-24.
[9]陈国亮.岩溶地面塌陷的成因与防治[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1994.[CHEN G L. The cause of formation of karst ground collapse and prevention[M]. Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,1994.(in Chinese)]
[10]李苍松,王石春,陈成宗.岩溶地区铁路工程地质研究[J].铁道工程学报,2005(增刊1):357-363.[LI C S,WANG S C,CHEN C Z. Research on the railway engineering geology in karst area[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2005(Sup 1):357-363.(in Chinese)]
[11]孙克国,张俊濡,李术才,等.长大隧道穿越张性富水软弱带诱发地表塌陷机理与支护荷载研究[J].山东大学学报(工学版),2011,41(5):97-102.[SUN K G,ZHANG J R,LI S C,et al. Research on surface subsidence mechanism and supporting load of Long tunnel through a tensional water-rich weak zone[J]. Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science),2011,41(5):97-102.(in Chinese)]
[12]戴桂华,彭梦鸽,贺炜.老屋湾隧道塌陷原因及处治方案比选研究[J].中外公路,2013,33(6):213-216.[DAI G H,PENG M G,HE W. Comparison research of House bay tunnel subsidence reason and treatment scheme[J]. The Chinese and Foreign Road,2013,33(6):213-216.(in Chinese)]
[13]丁文富,蒋良文,宋章,等.汤郎—易门深大活动断裂对秀宁隧道围岩改造作用分析[J].铁道标准设计,2019,63(2):1-6.[DING W F,JIANG L W,SONG Z,et al. Analysis of Tanglang-Yimen large active faults to Xiuning tunnel surrounding rock alteration[J]. Railway Standard Design,2019,63(2):1-6.(in Chinese)]
[14]刘丹,杨立中,王建秀.我国铁路建设中岩溶塌陷的基本特征及成因模式[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,1997,8(增刊1):18-22.[LIU D,YANG L Z,WANG J X. Essential features and genesis model of karst cqllapes ni construction of our railways[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazaro and Control,1997,8(Sup 1):18-22.(in Chinese)]
[15]李喜安,陈文军,邓亚虹,等.渗流潜蚀作用临界发生条件的推导[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(5):217-221.[LI X,CHEN W J,DENG Y H,et al. Formula derivation of the critical condition of sub-ground erosion[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,17(5):217-221.(in Chinese)]
[16]李广信.关于有效应力原理的几个问题[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(2):315-320.[LI G X. Some problems about principle of effective stress[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(2):315-320.(in Chinese)]
[17]周长松,邹胜章,夏日元,等.太原盆地地裂缝发育规律及防控措施[J].煤田地质与勘探,2016,44(2):73-78.[ZHOU C S,ZOU S Z,XIA Y,et al. Study of development regularity and preventative measure of ground fissures in Taiyuan basin[J]. Coal Geology&Exploration,2016,44(2):73-78.(in Chinese)]
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