运动中补充不同饮料对女子马拉松运动员生理机能影响研究
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摘要
目的探究运动中补充不同饮料对女子马拉松运动员生理机能的影响。方法对12名年龄为24~38岁女性马拉松运动员分别给予以下3种不同饮料补充研究,测定3组运动员的最大摄氧量及运动前准备情况。将运动员主要分为CEPS(4%碳水化合物+2%蛋白质)、CES(6%碳水化合物),PLA(无碳水化合物+2%蛋白质),随机交叉实验法进行3次21 km测试。结果摄入CES后运动员跑步时间明显短于PLA,CEPS组运动员运动成绩则于其他2组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与PLA组相比,CES组血糖水平高,CEPS组呼吸交换率高(P<0.05),3组乳酸、心率、脂肪氧化总量等比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论运动中补充6%碳水化合物饮料可能对女子马拉松运动员运动成绩的提升有促进作用。运动中补充6%碳水化合物饮料可能对女子马拉松运动员运动成绩的提升有促进作用。
Objective To analyze the effects of supplementing different beverages on the physiological functions of women marathon runners in sports. Methods Total of 12 female marathon runners aged 24 to 38 years old were given the following 3 different beverage supplement for study, the maximum oxygen uptake and pre-sport preparation of the three groups of athletes were measured, which were mainly divided into CEPS(4% carbohydrate + 2% protein) and CES(6% carbohydrate), PLA(no carbohydrate + 2% protein), and three 21 km tests were performed by random crossover experiment. Results After the intake of CES, the running time of athletes was significantly shorter than that of PLA, while the performance of athletes in CEPS group was not significantly different from that of the other 2 groups(P>0.05). Compared with the PLA group, the blood glucose level in the CES group was high. The respiratory exchange rate of CEPS group was higher than the PLA group(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the lactic acid, heart rate and total fat oxidation between the 3 groups(P>0.05). Conclusion Supplementing 6% carbohydrates beverages in sports may promote the improvement of women marathon runners' performance.
Objective To analyze the effects of supplementing different beverages on the physiological functions of women marathon runners in sports. Methods Total of 12 female marathon runners aged 24 to 38 years old were given the following 3 different beverage supplement for study, the maximum oxygen uptake and pre-sport preparation of the three groups of athletes were measured, which were mainly divided into CEPS(4% carbohydrate + 2% protein) and CES(6% carbohydrate), PLA(no carbohydrate + 2% protein), and three 21 km tests were performed by random crossover experiment. Results After the intake of CES, the running time of athletes was significantly shorter than that of PLA, while the performance of athletes in CEPS group was not significantly different from that of the other 2 groups(P>0.05). Compared with the PLA group, the blood glucose level in the CES group was high. The respiratory exchange rate of CEPS group was higher than the PLA group(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the lactic acid, heart rate and total fat oxidation between the 3 groups(P>0.05). Conclusion Supplementing 6% carbohydrates beverages in sports may promote the improvement of women marathon runners' performance.
引文
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[2]徐颢,温燕,赵莉莉,等.全程马拉松赛对赛后无症状运动员横纹肌和肾功能的影响[J].中华危重病急救医学,2016,28(10):933-936.Xu W,Wen Y,Zhao LL,et al.Effect of the whole-course marathon on striated muscle and renal function of asymptomatic athletes after the race[J].Chin J Crit Care Med,2016,28(10):933-936.
[3]曲静,杨宏芳,王晓慧.甘草酸饮料对耐力训练女大学生运动能力的影响及机制[J].中国应用生理学杂志,2016,32(1):31-33.Qu J,Yang HF,Wang XH.Effect and mechanism of glycyrrhizic acid beverage on exercise ability of female college students with endurance training[J].Chin J Appl Physiol,2016,32(1):31-33.
[4]颜晓庆,崔红燕,陈宏运,等.植物发酵液在功能性运动饮料中的应用[J].食品与发酵工业,2016,42(1):277-280.Yan XQ,Cui HY,Chen HY,et al.Application of plant fermentation liquid in functional sports drinks[J].Food Ferment Ind,2016,42(1):277-280.
[5]Ujka K,Bastiani L,D'Angelo G,et al.Enhanced right-chamber remodeling in endurance ultra-trail athletes compared to marathon runners detected by standard and speckle-tracking echocardiography[J].Front Physiol,2017,8(13):527.
[6]邹晓东,潘刚,冷峻岭,等.半程马拉松非专业运动员血清肿瘤坏死因子-α、白介素-6的变化及其意义[J].实用临床医药杂志,2017,21(15):221-222.Zou XD,Pan G,Leng JL,et al.Changes and significance of serum tumor necrosis factor-αand interleukin-6 in semi-marathon non-professional athletes[J].J Clin Med,2017,21(15):221-222.
[7]陶弥锋.SPE-UPLC-MS/MS分析运动饮料中氨基酸组分的研究[J].中国食品添加剂,2017,21(11):100-106.Tao MF.Analysis of amino acid components in sports drinks by SPE-UPLC-MS/MS[J].China Food Addit,2017,21(11):100-106.
[8]马月群,李洪.白灵菇运动饮料研制及其抗运动性疲劳功能研究[J].食品研究与开发,2017,38(3):109-113.Ma YQ,Li H.Study on the development of bailing mushroom sports drink and its anti-exercise fatigue function[J].Food Res Dev,2017,38(3):109-113.
[9]刘岩.玉木耳运动饮料研制及抗运动疲劳功能研究[J].食品研究与开发,2017,38(21):106-110.Liu Y.Study on the development of yu-too sports drink and its anti-sports fatigue function[J].Food Res Dev,2017,38(21):106-110.
[10]?i?ka,P,Olasz D,Kr?már M.The impact of endurance training on functional parameters during the preparation phase among cross-country skiers[J].Acta Facult Educ Phys Univ Comen,2016,56(1):53-65.
[11]胡国鹏,王人卫.槲皮素配方运动饮料对自行车运动员炎症反应影响的两阶段交叉试验研究[J].中国康复医学杂志,2012,27(11):1041-1046.Hu GP,Wang RW.Two-stage crossover study of the effect of quercetin on the inflammatory response of cyclists[J].Chin J Rehabil Med,2012,27(11):1041-1046.
[12]杨锋,朱瑜,高岩.不同水平女子马拉松运动员的节奏策略研究[J].中国体育科技,2014,50(1):10-16.Yang F,Zhu Y,Gao Y.Research on rhythm strategies of women marathoners of different levels[J].China Sport Sci Technol,2014,50(1):10-16.
[13]郭浙斌,苗苗,黄玉山,等.低氧训练中糖-电解质饮料补充对机体水平衡及运动能力的影响[J].体育学刊,2014,15(3):108-112.Guo ZB,Miao M,Huang YS,et al.Effects of sugar-electrolyte beverage supplementation on body water balance and exercise capacity during hypoxic training[J].J Phys Educ,2014,15(3):108-112.
[14]文安,王启荣,方子龙,等.摄入糖加蛋白质饮料对男运动员一次抗阻运动后血清雄激素应答的影响[J].西安体育学院学报,2015,12(3):352-358.Wen A,Wang QR,Fang ZL,et al.Effects of intake of sugar and protein drinks on serum androgen response of male athletes after a resistance exercise[J].J Xi'an Inst Phys Educ,2015,12(3):352-358.
[15]王启荣,王聪,安江红,等.补充糖肽饮料对一次性抗阻训练人体运动能力和血液SOD、GSH-Px、T-AOC及MDA水平的影响[J].中国运动医学杂志,2011,30(8):712-717.Wang QR,Wang C,An JH,et al.Effect of glycopeptide drink supplementation on exercise resistance and blood SOD,GSH-Px,T-AOC and MDA levels in patients undergoing one-time resistance training[J].Chin J Sport Med,2011,30(8):712-717.