防治水稻立枯病的复合生物菌可湿性粉剂的研制
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摘要
通过对枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)和哈茨木霉菌(Trichoderma harzianum)进行室内毒力测定以及田间药效试验,取得了较好的防治效果。以枯草芽孢杆菌、哈茨木霉菌为有效成分,筛选出符合可湿性粉剂要求的助剂配方。筛选的助剂主要有:载体、分散剂、润湿剂、稳定剂、UV保护剂。最佳助剂配方:硅藻土、聚乙烯醇(PVA)为8. 4%、萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物(D425)为5. 6%;抗坏血酸(维生素C) 0. 1%、K2HPO41%。将助剂与母药混合后用载体硅藻土补偿至100%。根据枯草芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂NY/T2293. 2-2012标准测定,各指标均符合国家标准。
A good control effect was obtained through toxic test and field efficacy test of the Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum. Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum as effective ingredients were selected to meet the requirements of the wettable powder formulation of additives. The main screening agents were carrier,dispersant,wetting agent,stabilizer and UV protective agent. The best formula was: diatomite,polyvinyl alcohol( PVA) 8. 4%,naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate( D425) 5. 6%; ascorbic acid( Vc) 0. 1%,K2 HPO41%. The additives were mixed with the parent drug and was compensated to 100% with carrier diatomite. According to the NY/T2293. 2-2012 standard of Bacillus subtilis wettable powder NY/T2293. 2-2012,all the indexes met the national standards.
A good control effect was obtained through toxic test and field efficacy test of the Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum. Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum as effective ingredients were selected to meet the requirements of the wettable powder formulation of additives. The main screening agents were carrier,dispersant,wetting agent,stabilizer and UV protective agent. The best formula was: diatomite,polyvinyl alcohol( PVA) 8. 4%,naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate( D425) 5. 6%; ascorbic acid( Vc) 0. 1%,K2 HPO41%. The additives were mixed with the parent drug and was compensated to 100% with carrier diatomite. According to the NY/T2293. 2-2012 standard of Bacillus subtilis wettable powder NY/T2293. 2-2012,all the indexes met the national standards.
引文
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[22]傅俊范,魏晓兵,周如军,等.哈茨木霉菌Tri41对人参锈腐病菌的抑制作用[J].吉林农业大学学报,2015,37(1):52-56.
[23]马锋敏,杨利民,肖春萍,等.施用微生物菌剂对参后地土壤微生物功能多样性的影响[J].吉林农业大学学报,2015,37(3):317-322.
[24]邱德文.生物农药的发展现状与趋势分析[J].中国生物防治学报,2015(5):679-684.
[25]程贤亮,刘翠君,姚经武.我国生物农药产业发展的现状、趋势与对策[J].湖北农业科学,2010,49(9):2287-2289,2316.
[2] Slavica Matic',Davide Spadaro,Angelo Garibaldi,et al. Antagonistic yeasts and thermotherapy as seed treatments to control Fusarium fujikuroi on rice[J]. Biological Control,2014,73:59-67.
[3] Vijay Krishna Kumar K,Yellareddygari S K R,Reddy M S,et al. Efficacy of Bacillus subtilis MBI 600 against sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani and on growth and yield of rice[J].Rice Science,2012,19(1):55-63.
[4] Whithey N G.Effect of treatment on rice seedling emergence[J].Fungi Nematie,1982,37:169-170.
[5]张喜田,刘希财.不同杀菌剂防治水稻立枯病试验分析[J].吉林农业,2017(4):80-81.
[6]汪帅男,王璐,张萍,等.黄芪多糖和枯草芽孢杆菌代谢产物在PK-15细胞上对TGEV的影响[J].吉林农业大学学报,2017,39(4):449-453.
[7] Saoussen Ben Khedher,Olfa Kilani-Feki,Mouna Dammak,et al. Efficacy of Bacillus subtilis V26 as a biological control agent against Rhizoctonia solani on potato[J]. Comptes Rendus Biologies,2015,338(12):784-792.
[8] Sahar A Youssef,Kamel A Tartoura,Ghada A Abdelraouf,et al. Evaluation of Trichoderma harzianum and Serratia proteamaculans effect on disease suppression,stimulation of ROS-scavenging enzymes and improving tomato growth infected by Rhizoctonia solani[J]. Biological Control,2016,100:79-86.
[9] Gajera H P,Darshna G Hirpara,Zinkal A Katakpara,et al.Molecular evolution and phylogenetic analysis of biocontrol genes acquired from SCoT polymorphism of mycoparasitic Trichoderma koningii inhibiting phytopathogen Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn,infection[J]. Genetics and Evolution,2016,45:383-392.
[10] Xiong Xin,Yao Man,Fu Leilei,et al. The botanical pesticide derived from Sophora flavescens for controlling insect pests can also improve growth and development of tomato plants[J].Industrial Crops and Products,2016,15(92):13-18.
[11] Yuan Saifei,Li Meiyun,Fang Zhiying,Biological control of tobacco bacterial wilt using Trichoderma harzianum amended bioorganic fertilizer and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae[J]. Biological Control,2016,92:164-171,
[12]段燕平,杨金广,杨继洪,等.抗烟草青枯病菌的枯草芽孢杆菌SH7的筛选与鉴定[J].吉林农业大学学报,2012,34(1):52-57.
[13]田佳,王雪,卢宝慧,等.枯草芽孢杆菌JN209及其基因工程菌生理生化特性及抑菌谱比较[J].吉林农业大学学报,2013,35(4):398-401,410.
[14] Ma Xin,Wang Xiaobing,Cheng Juan,et al. Microencapsulation of Bacillus subtilis B99-2 and its biocontrol efficiency against Rhizoctonia solani in tomato[J]. Biological Control,2015,90:34-41.
[15] Mohammad Ali Hormozi,Mohammad Amin Asoodar,Abbas Abdeshahi,et al. Impact of mechanization on technical efficiency:a case study of rice farmers in Iran[J]. Procedia Economics and Finance,2012,1:176-185.
[16] Lu Fuming. The role of agricultural mechanization in the modernization of Asian agriculture:Taiwan's experience,engineering in agriculture[J]. Environment and Food,2009,2(4):124-131.
[17] Ujang Paman,Shigeki Inaba,Susumu Uchida. The mechanization of small-scale rice farming:labor requirements and costs,engineering in agriculture[J]. Environment and Food,2014,7(3):122-126.
[18] Harris A R,Nelson S. Progress towards integrated control of damping-off disease[J]. Microbiological Research,September,1999,154(2):123-130.
[19] Almasudy A M,You M P,Barbetti M J,et al. Influence of fungicidal seed treatments and soil type on severity of root disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG-8 on wheat[J]. Crop Protection,2015,75:40-45.
[20] Alhaji I Sankoh,Rebecca Whittle,Kirk T Semple,et al. An assessment of the impacts of pesticide use on the environment and health of rice farmers in Sierra Leone[J]. Environment International,2016,94:458-466.
[21] Wang Wenyu,Jin Jianjun,He Rui,et al. Gender differences in pesticide use knowledge,risk awareness and practices in Chinese farmers[J]. Science of The Total Environment,2017,15(590):22-28.
[22]傅俊范,魏晓兵,周如军,等.哈茨木霉菌Tri41对人参锈腐病菌的抑制作用[J].吉林农业大学学报,2015,37(1):52-56.
[23]马锋敏,杨利民,肖春萍,等.施用微生物菌剂对参后地土壤微生物功能多样性的影响[J].吉林农业大学学报,2015,37(3):317-322.
[24]邱德文.生物农药的发展现状与趋势分析[J].中国生物防治学报,2015(5):679-684.
[25]程贤亮,刘翠君,姚经武.我国生物农药产业发展的现状、趋势与对策[J].湖北农业科学,2010,49(9):2287-2289,2316.
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