噻呋酰胺在土壤中的降解、吸附-解吸及移动特性研究
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摘要
研究噻呋酰胺在土壤中的降解、吸附-解吸及移动特性,有利于评价噻呋酰胺在土壤环境中的持效性,可为其安全使用及对水资源的风险性评价提供理论依据。采用室内模拟方法研究了不同土壤类型、土壤含水量、土壤微生物和有机质含量对噻呋酰胺在土壤中降解的影响以及噻呋酰胺在土壤中的吸附、解吸及移动特性。结果表明,噻呋酰胺在3种土壤中均属于易降解,噻呋酰胺在南京黄棕壤、东北黑土、江西红壤中的降解半衰期分别为9.4、17.8、20.1 d。随着土壤湿度增加,噻呋酰胺的降解速率加快,当土壤湿度为饱和含水量80%时,微生物生长将受到抑制,降解速率减慢。土壤中微生物和有机质能加快噻呋酰胺降解,在微生物和有机质存在的条件下噻呋酰胺降解速率分别提高2.7倍和17.2倍。噻呋酰胺在3种土壤中的吸附能力为东北黑土>南京黄棕壤>江西红壤,吸附能力越强,解吸附能力越弱;土壤有机质含量、阳离子代换量和粘粒含量与吸附系数具有良好的相关性。噻呋酰胺在土壤中的吸附自由能在-22.70~-21.30 k J·mol-1之间,属于物理吸附。薄层层析研究表明,噻呋酰胺在江西红壤、南京黄棕壤、东北黑土中的Rf值分别为0.234、0.233、0.224,均属于不易移动。土柱淋溶试验结果表明,噻呋酰胺在3种土壤中均属于难淋溶,不易通过淋溶作用对地下水造成污染。
Study on the degradation, adsorption-desorption and mobility of thifluzamide in soil could provide theoretical foundation for evaluating persistence of thifluzamide in soil and risk in water resource. The degradation, adsorption-desorption and mobility of thifluzamide in three kinds of soil were studied by using laboratory simulating test. The effects of soil type, moisture content, microbial and organic content on the degradation of thifluzamide were also discussed. The results showed that thifluzamide was degraded rapidly in soil,since the degradation half-lives in yellow-brown soil in Nanjing, black soil in Northeast China and red soil in Jiangxi was 9.4, 17.8 and 20.1 days, respectively. The degradation of thifluzamide accelerated along with the soil moisture increased, but it decreased in 80% moisture treatments because of microbial growth being inhibited. The degradation rates of thifluzamide accelerated 2.7 and 17.2 times respectively when the microbial and organic matter are present in soil. The adsorption capacity of thifluzamide in three kinds of soil was different, i.e., black soil>yellow-brown soil>red soil, and the stronger the adsorption capacity, the weaker the desorption capacity. The adsorption coefficient showed good correlations with soil organic content, cation exchange capacity, and clay content. The adsorption free energy(ΔG) in three kinds of soil ranged from-22.70 to-21.30 k J·mol~(-1), indicating the adsorption of thifluzamide belonged to physical absorption. The results of soil thin-layer chromatography(TLC) showed that the Rf value of thifluzamide was 0.234, 0.233 and 0.224 in red soil, yellow-brown soil, and black soil, respectively. These results indicated that thifluzamide was difficult to move in three kinds of soil. The results of soil column leaching test showed that thifluzamide with poor mobility in three kinds of soil is hard to leach, which indicated that it is not easy to bring pollution in the underground water by leaching.
Study on the degradation, adsorption-desorption and mobility of thifluzamide in soil could provide theoretical foundation for evaluating persistence of thifluzamide in soil and risk in water resource. The degradation, adsorption-desorption and mobility of thifluzamide in three kinds of soil were studied by using laboratory simulating test. The effects of soil type, moisture content, microbial and organic content on the degradation of thifluzamide were also discussed. The results showed that thifluzamide was degraded rapidly in soil,since the degradation half-lives in yellow-brown soil in Nanjing, black soil in Northeast China and red soil in Jiangxi was 9.4, 17.8 and 20.1 days, respectively. The degradation of thifluzamide accelerated along with the soil moisture increased, but it decreased in 80% moisture treatments because of microbial growth being inhibited. The degradation rates of thifluzamide accelerated 2.7 and 17.2 times respectively when the microbial and organic matter are present in soil. The adsorption capacity of thifluzamide in three kinds of soil was different, i.e., black soil>yellow-brown soil>red soil, and the stronger the adsorption capacity, the weaker the desorption capacity. The adsorption coefficient showed good correlations with soil organic content, cation exchange capacity, and clay content. The adsorption free energy(ΔG) in three kinds of soil ranged from-22.70 to-21.30 k J·mol~(-1), indicating the adsorption of thifluzamide belonged to physical absorption. The results of soil thin-layer chromatography(TLC) showed that the Rf value of thifluzamide was 0.234, 0.233 and 0.224 in red soil, yellow-brown soil, and black soil, respectively. These results indicated that thifluzamide was difficult to move in three kinds of soil. The results of soil column leaching test showed that thifluzamide with poor mobility in three kinds of soil is hard to leach, which indicated that it is not easy to bring pollution in the underground water by leaching.
引文
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刘效东,乔玉娜,周国逸.2011.土壤有机质对土壤水分保持及其有效性的控制作用[J].植物生态学报,35(12):1209-1218.
罗婧,贾娜,施海燕,等.2011.丙溴磷在土壤中的吸附与迁移行为研究[J].环境科学与技术,34(6):16-19.
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潘立刚.2000.含氟芳香族杀菌剂噻氟菌胺[J].世界农药,22(5):55-57.
亓育杰,杨昱,郑张瑜,等.2016.噻呋酰胺的光解和水解特性研究[J].农药学学报,18(4):540-544.
秦旭,孙扬,徐应明,等.2013.噻呋酰胺在马铃薯和土壤中检测方法及残留动态研究[J].农业资源与环境学报,30(6):83-86.
韦利娜,张静静,汪芙蓉,等.2013.水稻田样品中噻呋酰胺残留检测方法研究[J].农药学学报,15(3):311-315.
肖捷,李巍,周雪琴,等.2011.2-甲基-4-三氟甲基-5-噻唑甲酸的合成工艺改进[J].化学工业与工程,28(4):30-33.
杨克武,安凤春,莫汉宏.1995.单甲脒在土壤中的吸附[J].环境化学,14(5):431-435.
赵锋,罗婧,王鸣华.2012.哒嗪硫磷水解与土壤降解研究[J].生态环境学报,21(4):780-785.
赵月.2012.温度和含水量对不同作物秸秆土壤降解速率及相关指标影响的研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学.
GULNAZ O,KAYA A,DINCER S.2006.The reuse of dried activated sludge for adsorption of reactive dye[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,134(2):190-196.
GUPTA S,GAJBHIYE V T.2004.Adsorption-desorption,persistence and leaching behavior of thifluzamide in alluvial soil[J].Chemosphere,57(6):471-480.
JUNG H,SOHN K D,NEPPOLIAN B,et al.2008.Effect of soil organic matter(SOM)and soil texture on the fatality of indigenous microorganisms in intergrated ozonation and biodegradation[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,150(3):809-817.
LU G N,TAO X Q,YANG C,et al.2006.Behavior of organic pesticides in natural degradation in soils[J].Soils,38(2):130-135.
MORRICA P,BARBATO F,GIODANO A,et al.2000.Adsorption and desorption of imazosulfuron by soil[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,48(12):6132-6137.
REA J E,COPPER C S,PARKER A.1998.Pesticide sorption onto aquifer sediments[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,64(2):263-276.
TARIQ M I,AFZAL S,HUSSAIN I.2006.Degradation and persistence of cotton pesticides in sandy loam soils from Punjab,Pakistan[J].Environmental Research,100(2):184-196.
WANG H Z,ZUO H G,DING Y J,et al.2014.Biotic and abiotic degradation of pesticide Dufulin in soils[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,21(6):4331-4342.
单正军,朱忠林,蔡道基.1998.吡虫啉的环境行为研究(一)--吸附性、移动性、挥发性及土壤降解、水解、光降解[J].农药科学与管理,19(4):11-15.
郭永泽,张玉婷,李娜,等.2010.农产品中多种农药残留的气相色谱-质谱联用法测定[J].分析测试学报,29(12):1186-1195.
刘效东,乔玉娜,周国逸.2011.土壤有机质对土壤水分保持及其有效性的控制作用[J].植物生态学报,35(12):1209-1218.
罗婧,贾娜,施海燕,等.2011.丙溴磷在土壤中的吸附与迁移行为研究[J].环境科学与技术,34(6):16-19.
农业部农药检定所,环境保护部南京环境科学研究所.2014.GB/T31270.1-2014,化学农药环境安全评价试验准则[S].北京:中国标准出版社.
潘立刚.2000.含氟芳香族杀菌剂噻氟菌胺[J].世界农药,22(5):55-57.
亓育杰,杨昱,郑张瑜,等.2016.噻呋酰胺的光解和水解特性研究[J].农药学学报,18(4):540-544.
秦旭,孙扬,徐应明,等.2013.噻呋酰胺在马铃薯和土壤中检测方法及残留动态研究[J].农业资源与环境学报,30(6):83-86.
韦利娜,张静静,汪芙蓉,等.2013.水稻田样品中噻呋酰胺残留检测方法研究[J].农药学学报,15(3):311-315.
肖捷,李巍,周雪琴,等.2011.2-甲基-4-三氟甲基-5-噻唑甲酸的合成工艺改进[J].化学工业与工程,28(4):30-33.
杨克武,安凤春,莫汉宏.1995.单甲脒在土壤中的吸附[J].环境化学,14(5):431-435.
赵锋,罗婧,王鸣华.2012.哒嗪硫磷水解与土壤降解研究[J].生态环境学报,21(4):780-785.
赵月.2012.温度和含水量对不同作物秸秆土壤降解速率及相关指标影响的研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学.