桐油和糯米汁改良土的色彩一致性研究
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摘要
采用直接观察与图像色彩参数对比相结合的方法,对桐油和糯米汁改良后的粉土外观色彩还原性进行定量的对比和分析。首先制备不同质量比的改良土样,并静置养护至色彩稳定。然后采用直接观察方法首先对改良土外观色彩的变化予以初步判断。接着,在固定光源条件下,对土样表面色彩L~*a~*b~*参数进行软件提取,利用色差计算公式计算改良前后土样的明度差、彩度差及色差值。结合两种方法,分析桐油和糯米汁对改良土外观颜色变化的影响。结果表明,改良土中,糯米汁的掺入有使土体轻微发白的作用,桐油的掺入有使土体明显变黑的作用,当桐油、糯米汁和土三者质量比为5∶10∶85时,改良土体颜色与未改良土保持最佳的一致性;而当色差值ΔE>5时,改良土样存在肉眼可观察到的颜色变化。因此,在土遗址加固改良工程中,应保证改良前后土体色差ΔE<5;而采用桐油和糯米汁对遗址土体进行改良时,应采用5∶10∶85的质量配比。
In order to qualitatively and quantificationally contract and analyze the influence of soil surface color treated by tung oil and sticky rice juice, the methods of direct observing and color parameter comparison are used. Firstly, soil specimens treated by tung oil and sticky rice juice in different mass ratios are prepared and maintained till the surface color invariable. Secondly, the change of the soil surface color is qualitatively estimated by observing, then the photograph of the specimens is taken under fixed light source to obtain the L~*a~*b~* parameters including the lightness difference, the chroma difference and the total color difference, and the influence caused by the tung oil and sticky rice juice are quantificationally analyzed. The results show that the sticky rice juice could turn the treated soil white and bright slightly while the tung oil could turn the soil black and dark obviously. The treated soil specimen at the mass ratio(tung oil to sticky rice juice to soil) of 5∶10∶85 has the closest surface color compared to the untreated soil specimen. When the color difference ΔE>5, the difference of the surface color could be observed with naked eyes. The color difference of the treated and untreated soil should be ensured at ΔE<5 in the conservation project of the earthen sites. When using tung oil and sticky rice juice to improve the soils, the mass ratio should be controlled at 5∶10∶85 to guarantee the best consistency of the surface color.
In order to qualitatively and quantificationally contract and analyze the influence of soil surface color treated by tung oil and sticky rice juice, the methods of direct observing and color parameter comparison are used. Firstly, soil specimens treated by tung oil and sticky rice juice in different mass ratios are prepared and maintained till the surface color invariable. Secondly, the change of the soil surface color is qualitatively estimated by observing, then the photograph of the specimens is taken under fixed light source to obtain the L~*a~*b~* parameters including the lightness difference, the chroma difference and the total color difference, and the influence caused by the tung oil and sticky rice juice are quantificationally analyzed. The results show that the sticky rice juice could turn the treated soil white and bright slightly while the tung oil could turn the soil black and dark obviously. The treated soil specimen at the mass ratio(tung oil to sticky rice juice to soil) of 5∶10∶85 has the closest surface color compared to the untreated soil specimen. When the color difference ΔE>5, the difference of the surface color could be observed with naked eyes. The color difference of the treated and untreated soil should be ensured at ΔE<5 in the conservation project of the earthen sites. When using tung oil and sticky rice juice to improve the soils, the mass ratio should be controlled at 5∶10∶85 to guarantee the best consistency of the surface color.
引文
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[3] 王旭东,郭青林,谌文武,等.潮湿环境下考古现场土遗址保护探索性研究 [M].北京:科学出版社,2015.WANG X D,GUO Q L,CHEN W W,et al..Exploratory Research of Archaeological Earthen Sites Conservation in Moisture Circumstance [M].Beijing:Science Press,2015.(in Chinese)
[4] 杨钻.高强微生物砂浆机理与工作性能研究 [D].北京:清华大学,2013.YANG Z.Research on Mechanism and Performance of High-strength Microbial Mortar [D].Beijing:Tsinghua University,2013.(in Chinese)
[5] 沈括.梦溪笔谈 [M].长春:时代文艺出版社,2001.SHEN K.Brush Talks from Dream Brook [M].Changchun:Times Literature and Art Publishing House,2001.(in Chinese)
[6] 宋应星.天工开物 [M].北京:人民出版社,2015.SONG Y X.Exploitation of the Works of Nature [M].Beijing:People's Publishing House,2015.(in Chinese)
[7] 唐晓武,林廷松,罗雪,等.利用桐油和糯米汁改善黏土的强度及环境土工特性 [J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(9):1324-1329.TANG X W,LIN T S,LUO X,et al..Strength and geoenvironmental properties of clay improved by Tung oil and sticky rice juice [J].Chin.J.Geotech.Eng.,2007,29(9):1324-1329.(in Chinese)
[8] 李敏.潮湿状态土遗址的斥水—碳化保护研究 [D].兰州:兰州大学,2012.LI M.Hydrophobicity & Carbonation Protection of Earthen Monument in Moist States [D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2012.(in Chinese)
[9] 郑烨.中国传统建筑材料三合土的成分分析检测方法研究 [D].杭州:浙江大学,2016.ZHENG Y.Analysis and Detection Methods for The Composition of Chinese Traditional Tabia [D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2016.(in Chinese)
[10] 国际古迹遗址理事会中国国家委员会.中国文物古迹保护准则 [M].北京:文物出版社,2015.Chinese National Committee for The International Council on Monuments and Sites.Principles for The Conservation of Heritage Sites in China [M].Beijing:Cultural Relics Publishing House,2015.(in Chinese)
[11] 袁传勋.土遗址保护材料综述 [J].敦煌研究,2002(6):103-105.YUAN C X.A comprehensive report on the study of materials used for conservation of ancient earthen sites [J].Dunhuang Res.,2002(6):103-105.(in Chinese)
[12] 周虎.传统糯米灰浆在砖石质文物保护中的应用 [D].合肥:安徽大学,2016.ZHOU H.Study of Sticky Rice-lime Mortar for The Conservation of Stone Culture Relics [D].Hefei:Anhui University,2016.(in Chinese)
[13] 范鹏飞.基于机器视觉的色差检测系统研究与设计 [D].无锡:江南大学,2016.FAN P F.Research and Design of Color Difference Detection System Based on Machine Vision [D].Wuxi:Jiangnan University,2016.(in Chinese)
[14] 孙俊良,叶孟韬.枸杞糯米复合饮料的研制 [J].食品工业,1998(2):21-22.SUN J L,YE M T.Preparation of complex drink with medlar and sticky rice [J].Food Eng.,1998(2):21-22.(in Chinese)
[15] 边学成,卢文博,蒋红光,等.粉土循环累积应变和残余动模量的试验研究 [J].岩土力学,2013,34(4):974-980.BIAN X C,LU W B,JIANG H G,et al..Experimental study of cumulative axial strain and residual dynamic modulus of silt soil [J].Rock Soil Mech.,2013,34(4):974-980.(in Chinese)
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