如何应对低浓度二氧化硫烟气制酸的挑战
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摘要
介绍了我国低浓度SO_2烟气来源及资源化利用状况。低浓度SO_2烟气制酸需破解热平衡和水平衡两大难题。根据企业生产特点和周边状况不同,有多种解决方案可供选择,如高/低浓度SO_2配气工艺、可再生式回收SO_2工艺(如有机胺法、无机溶剂吸收法、活性焦法)和SO_2低温冷凝工艺与常规接触法工艺配合直接制酸,湿法制酸工艺(如WSA/SNOX、康开特、MECS-SulfoxTM、SOP)、非稳态制酸工艺等非常规工艺制酸。针对φ(SO_2)<5.0%及φ(SO_2)在2.0%~7.0%波动烟气制酸提出适用的技术路线。可再生式回收SO_2+常规一转一吸制酸技术、两次转化两次冷凝湿法制酸+可资源化脱硫工艺和高/低浓度SO_2配气制酸工艺将是未来主流的发展方向。
The source and resource utilization of low concentration SO_2 in China are introduced.Two difficult problems in the production of heat balance and water balance in the production of sulphuric acid from low concentration SO_2 flue gas need to be cracked.Depending on characteristics of enterprise and surrounding situation,there are a variety of solutions to be chosen,for example,high/low concentration SO_2 gas distribution process,renewable recovery SO_2 process( such as organic amine method,inorganic solvent absorption method,activated coke method) and SO_2 low temperature condensation process,these methods and conventional contact process were used to directly produce sulphuric acid.Wet sulphuric acid process( WSA/SNOX,Conchet,MECS-SulfoxTM,SOP) and non steady acid process were used to unconventional produce sulphuric acid.The applicable technical route is proposed to produce sulphuric acid using flue gas of SO_2 concentration less than 5. 0% and fluctuate flue gas of SO_2 concentration 2. 0%-7. 0%. The renewable SO_2 recovery technology and conventional single-absorption process,double-condensation wet sulphuric acid and reusable desulphurization process,high/low concentration SO_2 gas distribution process are the main trend in the future.
The source and resource utilization of low concentration SO_2 in China are introduced.Two difficult problems in the production of heat balance and water balance in the production of sulphuric acid from low concentration SO_2 flue gas need to be cracked.Depending on characteristics of enterprise and surrounding situation,there are a variety of solutions to be chosen,for example,high/low concentration SO_2 gas distribution process,renewable recovery SO_2 process( such as organic amine method,inorganic solvent absorption method,activated coke method) and SO_2 low temperature condensation process,these methods and conventional contact process were used to directly produce sulphuric acid.Wet sulphuric acid process( WSA/SNOX,Conchet,MECS-SulfoxTM,SOP) and non steady acid process were used to unconventional produce sulphuric acid.The applicable technical route is proposed to produce sulphuric acid using flue gas of SO_2 concentration less than 5. 0% and fluctuate flue gas of SO_2 concentration 2. 0%-7. 0%. The renewable SO_2 recovery technology and conventional single-absorption process,double-condensation wet sulphuric acid and reusable desulphurization process,high/low concentration SO_2 gas distribution process are the main trend in the future.
引文
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[23]杨杰勇.SOP湿法制硫酸工艺技术及其应用前景[J].山西化工,2017,37(4):67-69.
[24]孟凡磊.浅析国内外湿法制酸工艺差异及其应用[J].硫酸工业,2017(9):9-13.
[25]纪罗军,王海帆,陈忠和.低浓度烟气非稳态转化制酸工艺的应用[J].硫酸工业,2006(6):5-10.
[2]HASSLWANDER K.低浓度波动二氧化硫气体的处理[J].硫酸工业,2009(2):6-12.
[3]尚军刚,刘健,申屠华德,等.低浓度二氧化硫二转二吸工艺的设计与实践[J].硫酸工业,2010(1):24-27.
[4]纪罗军,金苏闽.我国有色冶炼及烟气制酸环保技术进展与展望(续)[J].硫酸工业,2016(5):1-9.
[5]林晓芬,张军,尹艳山,等.烟气脱硫脱氮技术综述[J].能源环境保护,2014,28(1):1-4.
[6]孙月强.低浓度SO2烟气制酸热平衡探讨[J].工程设计与研究,1996(3):25-26.
[7]SANDER U,FATTINGER V.稀SO2气体加工成硫酸的工艺和经济状况[J].硫酸工业,1985(1):50-57.
[8]陈南洋.国内有色冶炼低浓度二氧化硫烟气制酸技术的应用与进展[J].工程设计与研究,2005(2):19-23.
[9]LOUIE D.间歇冶炼工艺烟气制酸装置的设计[J].硫酸工业,2010(3):5-10.
[10]PEREZ O.通过技术创新提高气-气换热器的可靠性[J].硫酸工业,2011(4):8-12.
[11]WACKER T.模块化径向流气-气换热器[J].硫酸工业,2010(2):20-22.
[12]刘远超.卡尔多炉炼铅及烟气制酸系统介绍[J].硫酸工业,2007(4):29-33.
[13]刘瑜.康世富可再生胺法脱硫技术的应用[J].硫酸工业,2007(1):39-45.
[14]余韬.低浓度二氧化硫烟气制酸技术进展[J].硫酸工业,2009(4):8-11.
[15]魏占鸿,刘陈,唐照勇,等.柠檬酸钠法治理冶炼厂非正常排空烟气的生产实践[J].硫酸工业,2013(1):29-33.
[16]刘强,刘静,翟尚鹏,等.活性焦脱硫技术在有色冶炼行业的应用及发展[J].硫酸工业,2014(3):16-19.
[17]丁华.半干法制酸工艺[J].硫酸工业,2014(6):1-4.
[18]张峰.WSA湿法制酸工艺及其在我国的应用[J].硫磷设计与粉体工程,2011(4):1-5.
[19]JENSEN F,KRISTIANSEN A.用于低含硫气体处理的托普索WSA工艺[J].硫酸工业,2004(4):1-6.
[20]FRANDS E JENSEN,JENS K LAURSEN.WSA-DC——下一代高浓度高转化率WSA工艺[J].硫酸工业,2009(5):10-14.
[21]SCHOUBYE P,ENEVOLDSEN S,RICCI R.适用于高硫燃料电厂的SNOX工艺[J].硫酸工业,2002(3):34-37.
[22]周威,王学东,陈晓东,等.MECS-SulfoxTM湿法制酸工艺技术[J].铜业工程,2010(2):49-53.
[23]杨杰勇.SOP湿法制硫酸工艺技术及其应用前景[J].山西化工,2017,37(4):67-69.
[24]孟凡磊.浅析国内外湿法制酸工艺差异及其应用[J].硫酸工业,2017(9):9-13.
[25]纪罗军,王海帆,陈忠和.低浓度烟气非稳态转化制酸工艺的应用[J].硫酸工业,2006(6):5-10.