人工漂流河弯道内漂流筏运动的数值模拟
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摘要
为预测和评估某人工漂流河弯道陡坡段的安全性,利用Flow-3D软件对该段布置边墩改善水流的效果进行了模拟,分析了在不同边墩布置方案下的水流特性,模拟了漂流筏在该流段中的运动轨迹。结果表明:模拟获得的流场分布情况与实测结果吻合;布置的边墩均能有效减缓水流流速,消除靠近壁岸处的回流区,尤其是两类边墩交错布置的方案能更好地改善水流流态,不仅适当降低了水流流速,且最大限度地保持主流居中,在维持漂流运动的安全性的同时提高了其趣味性;在入弯处、河宽变化处及接近弯道出口处存在一定的安全隐患,需注意。
To predict and evaluate the security of an artificial drifting river bend,Flow-3 D software was utilized to simulate the effect of side piers on the drifting river flow. The flow field characteristics were analyzed with different layouts of the side piers,and the movement of the raft was also simulated at the river bend. The results show that the flow field distribution obtained by simulation is in good agreement with the actual measured results. The adoption of side piers can effectively reduce the flow velocity and eliminate the recirculation zone near the river bank. The staggered arrangement of the two types of side piers is the best solution for reducing flow velocity appropriately and keeping the mainstream centered as much as possible,which can maintain the safety while retaining the enjoyment of the drifting. It is found that there are potential safety hazards at the places entering into the bend,the change places of river width and the place near the exit. It is recommended that lifeguards be deployed at these locations.
To predict and evaluate the security of an artificial drifting river bend,Flow-3 D software was utilized to simulate the effect of side piers on the drifting river flow. The flow field characteristics were analyzed with different layouts of the side piers,and the movement of the raft was also simulated at the river bend. The results show that the flow field distribution obtained by simulation is in good agreement with the actual measured results. The adoption of side piers can effectively reduce the flow velocity and eliminate the recirculation zone near the river bank. The staggered arrangement of the two types of side piers is the best solution for reducing flow velocity appropriately and keeping the mainstream centered as much as possible,which can maintain the safety while retaining the enjoyment of the drifting. It is found that there are potential safety hazards at the places entering into the bend,the change places of river width and the place near the exit. It is recommended that lifeguards be deployed at these locations.
引文
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[2]张夏倩.河南省漂流旅游的现状及发展研究[D].北京:北京体育大学,2012.
[3]徐福强.基于轨迹交叉论的漂流旅游安全事故致因及防范[J].衡水学院学报,2014,16(1):101-104.
[4] WILSON I,MCDERMOTT H,MUNIR F,et al. Injuries,IIIhealth and fatalities in white water rafting and white water paddling[J]. Sports Medicine,2013,43(1):65-75.
[5] FRANKLIN R C,LEGGAT P A. The epidemiology of injury in canoeing,kayaking and rafting[J]. Med Sport Sci,2012,58:98-111.
[6] O'HARE D,CHALMERS D,AMOLD N A,et al. Mortality and morbidity in white water rafting in New Zealand[J].Inj Control Saf Promot,2002,9(3):193-198.
[7] DAHLSTROME A. An examination of arousal states in novice white water kayakers during a weekend instructional experience[D]. Ohio,USA:Ohio University,2008.
[8] FIORE D C. Injuries associated with white water rafting and kayaking[J]. Wilderness and Environmental Medicine,2003,14(4):255-260.
[9]林香民,王庆鹏,李剑峰.我国旅游业的发展与旅游安全研究[J].安全与环境工程,2003(1):60-62.
[10]邹战勇,陆淼,黄炜豪.利用差分模拟退火算法解决漂流调度问题[J].衡阳师范学院学报,2013,34(3):14-17.
[11]张杨,陈岚雪,黄和兰.漂流游客的安全认知研究:基于贵州马岭河峡谷漂流游客的调查分析[J].云南地理环境研究,2016,28(1):60-66.
[12]曹愉,王玮.漂流及其技术标准研究[J].现代商贸工业,2013(4):91-92.
[13]韦兵,朱健.水库二维恒定水流的垂向温度分布[J].华北水利水电大学学报(自然科学版),2017,36(6):82-87.
[14] Flow Science Inc. Flow-3D User Manual[Z]. New Mexico,USA:Flow Science Inc,2014.
[15]王青,黄细彬.基于Flow-3D的陡坡弯道水流三维数值模拟[J].水资源与水工程学报,2016,27(5):145-149.
[16]黄波林,王世昌,殷跃平,等.崩塌落石产生涌浪的流固耦合运动分析[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2013,43(6):1936-1942.
[17]陈诚,夏云峰,黄海龙,等.大型河工模型分布式表面流场测量系统研制及应用[J].水利水运工程学报,2018(1):17-22.
[18]于洋,艾丛芳,金生.弯曲度对弯道水流结构影响的三维数值模拟研究[J].水利与建筑工程学报,2018,16(3):218-223.
[19]李少龙,杨金忠,蔡树英.非饱和渗流随机模型中水力要素的随机特性研究[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(10):1273-1276.
[20]王文.跳汰机冲程冲次组合值、水动力因素与床层松散度变化规律的探讨[J].华北理工大学学报(自然科学版),1985(1):24-28.
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