车身用高强钢的回弹实验与分析
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摘要
目的研究和分析身用高强钢在冲压过程中的回弹行为与规律。方法基于Wagoner的拉延弯曲实验模型,采用拉延弯曲(Draw-Bend)实验机,针对590 MPa级冷轧双相钢和420 MPa级低合金高强钢两个常用的典型车身用高强钢材料开展回弹实验研究,通过不同弯曲半径模拟不同冲压模具圆角半径,同时以不同张紧力模拟冲压压边力,讨论了两种材料的冲压成形及回弹性能与控制。结果两类钢的回弹量均随着冲压模具圆角半径的增大而减小,随着压边力的增大而减小,双相钢相比低合金能产生更大的回弹,厚板随冲压条件变化的回弹波动一般低于薄板。结论实验研究结果对高强钢在实际冲压过程中的回弹控制有着较强的指导意义。
The paper aims to study the springback behaviors and rules of high strength steel for car body during stamping. The springback of two typical materials DP590 and HSLA420 were studied through draw-bend experiment based on Wagoner's draw-bend model. During the test, different bend radius and nominal tension were used to simulate different die radius and bank holding force, respectively. Forming and springback behavior of two materials during stamping were analyzed through this method. The analysis showed that the springback of two materials decreased with the increase of die radius and bank holding force. Springback amount of DP steel was higher than that of HSLA steel. The thicker gauge usually had less fluctuation of springback when stamping condition changed. The result could provide good guidance to control the springback during stamping process for high strength steels.
The paper aims to study the springback behaviors and rules of high strength steel for car body during stamping. The springback of two typical materials DP590 and HSLA420 were studied through draw-bend experiment based on Wagoner's draw-bend model. During the test, different bend radius and nominal tension were used to simulate different die radius and bank holding force, respectively. Forming and springback behavior of two materials during stamping were analyzed through this method. The analysis showed that the springback of two materials decreased with the increase of die radius and bank holding force. Springback amount of DP steel was higher than that of HSLA steel. The thicker gauge usually had less fluctuation of springback when stamping condition changed. The result could provide good guidance to control the springback during stamping process for high strength steels.
引文
[1]舒泽泉,史鹏飞,李宇翔,等.高强钢精密冲压件回弹量预测及控制研究[J].机床与液压,2017,45(17):117-119.SHU Ze-quan,SHI Peng-fei,LI Yu-xiang,et al.Predication and Control Study of Springback for Precision Stamping Part with High-strength Steel[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2017,45(17):117-119.
[2]詹华,于长旺,张军,等.高强钢拉伸弯曲回弹试验与仿真研究[J].锻压技术,2016,41(6):21-25.ZHAN Hua,YU Chang-wang,ZHANG Jun,et al.Study on Stretch-bending Springback Experiment and Simulation of High Strength Steel[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2016,41(6):21-25.
[3]吕琳,赵鹏,唐云峰,等.某发动机仓边梁盖板成形工艺分析及回弹控制[J].精密成形工程,2016,8(3):52-56.LYU Lin,ZHAO Peng,TANG Yun-feng,et al.Forming Process and Springback Prevention of Engine Compartment Cover Board Beams[J].Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering,2016,8(3):52-56.
[4]郭运,吴彦骏,陈新平.汽车前地板纵梁高强钢应用及回弹控制技术[J].精密成形工程,2017,9(6):47-52.GUO Yun,WU Yan-jun,CHEN Xin-ping.Application and Springback Control Technique for HSS from Front Floor Side Rail of Automobile[J].Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering,2017,9(6):47-52.
[5]王梦寒,岳宗敏,王根田.考虑包辛格效应的高强钢U型件冲压回弹规律分析[J].锻压技术,2016,41(2):58-63.WANG Meng-han,YUE Zong-min,WANG Gen-tian.Study on the Springback Law of High Strength Steel U-shaped Part Considering Bauschinger Effect[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2016,41(2):58-63.
[6]INGARAO G,LORENZO R D,MICARI F.Analysis of Stamping Performances of Dual Phase Steels:A Multi-objective Approach to Reduce Springback and Thinning Failure[J].Materials and Design,2009,30:4421-4433.
[7]谢延敏,王智,胡静,等.基于数值仿真和灰色关联分析法的高强钢弯曲回弹影响因素分析[J].重庆理工大学学报,2012,26(3):51-55.XIE Yan-min,WANG Zhi,HU Jing,et al.Research on the Factors Influencing Bend Springback in High Strength Steel Bending Based on the Numerical Simulation and Grey Relational Analysis[J].Journal of Chongqing University of Technology(Natural Science),2012,26(3):51-55.
[8]WAGONER R H,LI M.Simulation of Springback:Through-thickness Integration[J].International Journal of Plasticity,2007,23(3):345-360.
[9]WAGONER R H,LI A.Advances in Springback[C]//Numisheet 2005:Proceedings of the 6th International Conference and Workshop on Numerical Simulation of 3DSheet Metal Forming Processes,Pts A and B,2005,778:209-214.
[10]CARDEN W D.Measurement of Springback[J].International Journal of Mechanical Sciences,2002,44(1):79-101.
[11]魏星,祝洪川,潘利波,等.先进高强双相钢拉延回弹实验研究[J].锻压技术,2014,39(11):96-101.WEI Xing,ZHU Hong-chuan,PAN Li-bo,et al.Springback Experimental Study on Stretch Bending of Advanced High Strength Dual Phase Steel[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2014,39(11):96-101.
[12]张志建,ASGARI S A,ROLFE B F.基于真实微观组织的双相钢力学行为多尺度模拟[J].塑性工程学报,2016,23(5):107-113.ZHANG Zhi-jian,ASGARI S A,ROLFE B F.Multi-scale Modeling of Mechanical Behavior of Dual-phase Steels Based on Realistic Micostructure[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering,2016,23(5):107-113.
[13]张中武,魏兴豪,赵刚.低合金高强钢的强韧化机理与焊接性能[J].鞍钢技术,2018,412(4):1-8.ZHANG Zhong-wu,WEI Xing-hao,ZHAO Gang.Strengthening and Toughening Mechanism for High Strength Low Alloy Steel and Its Weldability[J].Angang Technology,2018,412(4):1-8.
[14]OZTURK F,TOROS S,KILIC S.Tensile and Springback Behavior of DP600 Advanced High Strength Steel at Warm Temperatures[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,International,2009,16(6):41-46.
[15]HUDGINS A W,MATLOCK D K,SPEER J G,et al.Predicting Instability at Die Radii in Advanced High Strength Steels[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2010,210:741-750.
[2]詹华,于长旺,张军,等.高强钢拉伸弯曲回弹试验与仿真研究[J].锻压技术,2016,41(6):21-25.ZHAN Hua,YU Chang-wang,ZHANG Jun,et al.Study on Stretch-bending Springback Experiment and Simulation of High Strength Steel[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2016,41(6):21-25.
[3]吕琳,赵鹏,唐云峰,等.某发动机仓边梁盖板成形工艺分析及回弹控制[J].精密成形工程,2016,8(3):52-56.LYU Lin,ZHAO Peng,TANG Yun-feng,et al.Forming Process and Springback Prevention of Engine Compartment Cover Board Beams[J].Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering,2016,8(3):52-56.
[4]郭运,吴彦骏,陈新平.汽车前地板纵梁高强钢应用及回弹控制技术[J].精密成形工程,2017,9(6):47-52.GUO Yun,WU Yan-jun,CHEN Xin-ping.Application and Springback Control Technique for HSS from Front Floor Side Rail of Automobile[J].Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering,2017,9(6):47-52.
[5]王梦寒,岳宗敏,王根田.考虑包辛格效应的高强钢U型件冲压回弹规律分析[J].锻压技术,2016,41(2):58-63.WANG Meng-han,YUE Zong-min,WANG Gen-tian.Study on the Springback Law of High Strength Steel U-shaped Part Considering Bauschinger Effect[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2016,41(2):58-63.
[6]INGARAO G,LORENZO R D,MICARI F.Analysis of Stamping Performances of Dual Phase Steels:A Multi-objective Approach to Reduce Springback and Thinning Failure[J].Materials and Design,2009,30:4421-4433.
[7]谢延敏,王智,胡静,等.基于数值仿真和灰色关联分析法的高强钢弯曲回弹影响因素分析[J].重庆理工大学学报,2012,26(3):51-55.XIE Yan-min,WANG Zhi,HU Jing,et al.Research on the Factors Influencing Bend Springback in High Strength Steel Bending Based on the Numerical Simulation and Grey Relational Analysis[J].Journal of Chongqing University of Technology(Natural Science),2012,26(3):51-55.
[8]WAGONER R H,LI M.Simulation of Springback:Through-thickness Integration[J].International Journal of Plasticity,2007,23(3):345-360.
[9]WAGONER R H,LI A.Advances in Springback[C]//Numisheet 2005:Proceedings of the 6th International Conference and Workshop on Numerical Simulation of 3DSheet Metal Forming Processes,Pts A and B,2005,778:209-214.
[10]CARDEN W D.Measurement of Springback[J].International Journal of Mechanical Sciences,2002,44(1):79-101.
[11]魏星,祝洪川,潘利波,等.先进高强双相钢拉延回弹实验研究[J].锻压技术,2014,39(11):96-101.WEI Xing,ZHU Hong-chuan,PAN Li-bo,et al.Springback Experimental Study on Stretch Bending of Advanced High Strength Dual Phase Steel[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2014,39(11):96-101.
[12]张志建,ASGARI S A,ROLFE B F.基于真实微观组织的双相钢力学行为多尺度模拟[J].塑性工程学报,2016,23(5):107-113.ZHANG Zhi-jian,ASGARI S A,ROLFE B F.Multi-scale Modeling of Mechanical Behavior of Dual-phase Steels Based on Realistic Micostructure[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering,2016,23(5):107-113.
[13]张中武,魏兴豪,赵刚.低合金高强钢的强韧化机理与焊接性能[J].鞍钢技术,2018,412(4):1-8.ZHANG Zhong-wu,WEI Xing-hao,ZHAO Gang.Strengthening and Toughening Mechanism for High Strength Low Alloy Steel and Its Weldability[J].Angang Technology,2018,412(4):1-8.
[14]OZTURK F,TOROS S,KILIC S.Tensile and Springback Behavior of DP600 Advanced High Strength Steel at Warm Temperatures[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,International,2009,16(6):41-46.
[15]HUDGINS A W,MATLOCK D K,SPEER J G,et al.Predicting Instability at Die Radii in Advanced High Strength Steels[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2010,210:741-750.