金属板材数控单点渐进成形中的回弹实验
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摘要
回弹是影响金属板材数控单点渐进成形的主要因素之一,为分析工艺参数对金属板材单点渐进成形的回弹影响,在数控铣床上对铝板锥形方盒件成形角展开回弹实验。利用角度尺测得回弹后成形角,以成形角变化率和回弹角度来衡量各工艺参数对金属板材单点渐进成形的影响,分析的工艺参数包括:成形角、水平面内X和Y方向进给速度、Z方向进给速度、Z方向进给量。结果表明:成形角越大,成形角变化率以及回弹角度越小; X和Y方向进给速度越大,成形角变化率以及回弹角度越大; Z方向进给量越小,成形角变化率以及回弹角度越小; Z方向进给速度对回弹影响不显著。
Springback is one of the main factors affecting the NC single-point progressive forming of sheet metal. In order to analyze the influences of process parameters on the single-point progressive forming of metal sheet,the springback experiments for forming angle of square box produced by aluminum plate were conducted by the CNC milling machine. Then,the forming angle after springback was measured by angle ruler,and the influence of each process parameter was measured by change rate of forming angle and springback angle. The process parameters in experiment include forming angle,feeding speeds in the X and Y directions,feeding speed in Z direction,and feeding displacement in the Z direction. The results show that the larger the forming angle is,the smaller the change rate of forming angle and the springback angle are; the larger the feeding speeds in the X and Y directions are,the larger the change rate of forming angle and springback angle are,and the smaller the feeding displacement in the Z direction is,the smaller the change rate of forming angle and springback angle are. However,the feeding speed in the Z direction has no significant effect on the springback.
Springback is one of the main factors affecting the NC single-point progressive forming of sheet metal. In order to analyze the influences of process parameters on the single-point progressive forming of metal sheet,the springback experiments for forming angle of square box produced by aluminum plate were conducted by the CNC milling machine. Then,the forming angle after springback was measured by angle ruler,and the influence of each process parameter was measured by change rate of forming angle and springback angle. The process parameters in experiment include forming angle,feeding speeds in the X and Y directions,feeding speed in Z direction,and feeding displacement in the Z direction. The results show that the larger the forming angle is,the smaller the change rate of forming angle and the springback angle are; the larger the feeding speeds in the X and Y directions are,the larger the change rate of forming angle and springback angle are,and the smaller the feeding displacement in the Z direction is,the smaller the change rate of forming angle and springback angle are. However,the feeding speed in the Z direction has no significant effect on the springback.
引文
[1]毛锋,莫健华.金属板料数字化渐进成形工艺规划研究[A].全国快速成形与快速制造学术会议[C].昆明,2001.Mao F,Mo J H.Research on digital progressive forming process planning of metal sheets[A]National Conference on Rapid Prototyping and Rapid Manufacturing[C].Kunming,2001.
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[7]文怀兴,黄书经,史鹏涛,等.基于正交试验的板材渐进成形参数对回弹量的影响[J].热加工工艺,2015,44(15):109-111.Wen H X,Huang S J,Shi P T,et al.Influence of metal sheet incremental forming parameters on springback based on orthogonal test[J].Hot Working Technology,2015,44(15):109-111.
[8]周养萍.飞机Z形型材滚弯回弹实验与研究[J].锻压装备与制造技术,2012,47(1):76-79.Zhou Y P.Experiment and research on rolling springback of Z-shaped profile of aircraft[J].China Uetal Forming Equipment&Manufacturing Technology,2012,47(1):76-79.
[9]刘婧瑶,唐承统,宁汝新.管材数控绕弯回弹实验研究及BP网络预测模型[J].塑性工程学报,2009,16(6):85-90.Liu J Y,Tang C T,Ning R X.The experimental study on the springback and BP NN prediction model of NC rotary-bending of tube[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering,2009,16(6):85-90.
[10]尚仲平,刘志亮,陈康元.高强度钢筋弯箍回弹角及箍筋精度研究[J].锻压技术,2017,42(1):155-160.Shang Z P,Liu Z L,Chen K Y.Analysis on hoop-bending springback angle and hooping precision for high strength steel bar[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2017,42(1):155-160.
[11]文怀兴,张斌,史鹏涛,等.基于数值模拟的方锥件侧壁和底部回弹分析[J].锻压技术,2018,43(5):142-147.Wen H X,Zhang B,Shi P T,et al.Analysis on springback on side wall and bottom of square cone part based on numerical simulation[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2018,43(5):142-147.
[12]文怀兴,杜宣莉,史鹏涛.进给速度对单点渐进成形表面粗糙度的影响[J].热加工工艺,2015,44(1):146-149.Wen H X,Du X L,Shi P T.Influence of feed speed on surface roughness in single point incremental forming workpiece[J].Hot Working Technology,2015,44(1):146-149.
[2]甘文星,莫健华.金属板材数控单点渐进成形回弹的实验研究[J].机械科学与技术,2004,23(6):739-741.Gan W X,Mo J H.Investigation on springback of sheet metal numerical control incremental forming[J].Mechanical Science and Technology,2004,23(6):739-741.
[3]莫健华,丁勇,黄树槐.金属板材数控单点渐进成形加工轨迹优化研究[J].中国机械工程,2003,14(24):2138-2140.Mo J H,Ding Y,Huang S H.Research on trajectory optimization of metal sheet single-point progressive forming[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2003,14(24):2138-2140.
[4]韩飞,莫健华,龚攀.基于遗传神经网络的数字化渐进成形回弹预测[J].华中科技大学学报:自然科学版,2008,36(1):121-124.Han F,Mo J H,Gong P.Incremental sheet NC forming springback prediction using genetic neural network[J].Huazhong Univ.of Sci.&Tech.:Natural Science Edition,2008,36(1):121-124.
[5]刘铭心,张东民,吴艳云,等.基于正交试验的座椅撑板冲压成形回弹研究及优化[J].锻压技术,2017,42(12):36-40.Liu M X,Zhang D M,Wu Y Y,et al.Springback analysis and optimization on stamping for seat support plate based on orthogonal experiments[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2017,42(12):36-40.
[6]张旭,周杰,李军超,等.板材单点数控渐进成形回弹控制及模拟优化研究[J].热加工工艺,2010,39(9):78-81.Zhang X,Zhou J,Li J C,et al.Research on springback control and numerical simulation and optimization of single-point NC incremental sheet forming[J].Hot Working Technology,2010,39(9):78-81.
[7]文怀兴,黄书经,史鹏涛,等.基于正交试验的板材渐进成形参数对回弹量的影响[J].热加工工艺,2015,44(15):109-111.Wen H X,Huang S J,Shi P T,et al.Influence of metal sheet incremental forming parameters on springback based on orthogonal test[J].Hot Working Technology,2015,44(15):109-111.
[8]周养萍.飞机Z形型材滚弯回弹实验与研究[J].锻压装备与制造技术,2012,47(1):76-79.Zhou Y P.Experiment and research on rolling springback of Z-shaped profile of aircraft[J].China Uetal Forming Equipment&Manufacturing Technology,2012,47(1):76-79.
[9]刘婧瑶,唐承统,宁汝新.管材数控绕弯回弹实验研究及BP网络预测模型[J].塑性工程学报,2009,16(6):85-90.Liu J Y,Tang C T,Ning R X.The experimental study on the springback and BP NN prediction model of NC rotary-bending of tube[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering,2009,16(6):85-90.
[10]尚仲平,刘志亮,陈康元.高强度钢筋弯箍回弹角及箍筋精度研究[J].锻压技术,2017,42(1):155-160.Shang Z P,Liu Z L,Chen K Y.Analysis on hoop-bending springback angle and hooping precision for high strength steel bar[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2017,42(1):155-160.
[11]文怀兴,张斌,史鹏涛,等.基于数值模拟的方锥件侧壁和底部回弹分析[J].锻压技术,2018,43(5):142-147.Wen H X,Zhang B,Shi P T,et al.Analysis on springback on side wall and bottom of square cone part based on numerical simulation[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2018,43(5):142-147.
[12]文怀兴,杜宣莉,史鹏涛.进给速度对单点渐进成形表面粗糙度的影响[J].热加工工艺,2015,44(1):146-149.Wen H X,Du X L,Shi P T.Influence of feed speed on surface roughness in single point incremental forming workpiece[J].Hot Working Technology,2015,44(1):146-149.
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