石灰和有机肥对铜矿排土场的改良效果研究
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摘要
为了研究石灰和有机肥对铜矿排土场的改良效果,在永平铜矿南部排土场顶部平台设置了8 000 m~2的试验区,并通过分析前后土壤理化性质的变化情况进行效果评估.研究结果表明:采用石灰、有机肥对铜矿排土场改良并进行植被系统重建是一种经济可行的生态恢复模式.在生态恢复半年后,试验区的酸化情况已经得到了初步控制,重金属有效态显著降低,营养条件明显得到改善,植被覆盖度高达95%,达到了阶段性的治理目标.
In order to study the effect of lime and organic fertilizer on the matrix improvement of copper mine dump,an experimental area of 8 000 square meters was set on the top platform of the southern dump in Yongping Copper Mine,and the effect was evaluated by analyzing the changes of soil physical and chemical properties before and after the restoration. Results show that the use of lime and organic fertilizer to improve copper mine dump and followed by vegetation system reconstruction is an economically viable ecological restoration model. After half a year of restoration,signs of significant improvements were clearly shown in respect to acidification,heavy metal toxicity,nutrition,and the vegetation coverage was as high as 95%. In conclusion,the effect of ecological restoration to the studied site is good,and the desired interim goal is achieved.This study may provide a useful reference into the restoration of copper mine dump or other types of mining wasteland,especially in substrate amendment.
In order to study the effect of lime and organic fertilizer on the matrix improvement of copper mine dump,an experimental area of 8 000 square meters was set on the top platform of the southern dump in Yongping Copper Mine,and the effect was evaluated by analyzing the changes of soil physical and chemical properties before and after the restoration. Results show that the use of lime and organic fertilizer to improve copper mine dump and followed by vegetation system reconstruction is an economically viable ecological restoration model. After half a year of restoration,signs of significant improvements were clearly shown in respect to acidification,heavy metal toxicity,nutrition,and the vegetation coverage was as high as 95%. In conclusion,the effect of ecological restoration to the studied site is good,and the desired interim goal is achieved.This study may provide a useful reference into the restoration of copper mine dump or other types of mining wasteland,especially in substrate amendment.
引文
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[9]唐琨,朱伟文,周文新,等.土壤pH对植物生长发育影响的研究进展[J].作物研究,2013(2):207-212.
[10]陈远其,张煜,陈国梁.石灰对土壤重金属污染修复研究进展[J].生态环境学报,2016(8):1419-1424.
[11]Munshower F F. Practical Handbook of Disturbed Land Revegetation[M].Boca Raton,FL:Lewis Publishing,1994.
[12]Yang S X,Liao B,Li J T,et al.Acidification,heavy metal mobility and nutrient accumulation in the soil-plant system of a revegetated acid mine wasteland[J].Chemosphere,2010(8):852-859.
[13]晏闻博,柳丹,彭丹莉,等.重金属矿山生态治理与环境修复技术进展[J].浙江农林大学学报,2015(3):467-477.
[14]吴道铭,陈晓阳,曾曙才.芒属植物重金属耐性及其在矿山废弃地植被恢复中的应用潜力[J].应用生态学报,2017(4):1397-1406.
[2]王世虎.生态文明建设背景下历史遗留矿山环境问题与对策[J].矿业安全与环保,2018(6):88-91,96.
[3]Miao Z,Marrs R.Ecological restoration and land reclamation in open-cast mines in Shanxi Province,China[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2000(3):205-215.
[4]潘德成,吴祥云,张丹丹.植物根系对露天矿排土场边坡抗冲性的影响[J].水土保持应用技术,2010(3):3-5.
[5]Yang S X,Liao B,Yang Z H,et al.Revegetation of extremely acid mine soils based on aided phytostabilization:A case study from southern China[J].Science of the Total Environment,2016(562):427-434.
[6]束文圣,叶志鸿,张志权,等.华南铅锌尾矿生态恢复的理论与实践[J].生态学报,2003(8):1629-1639.
[7]Shu W S,Ye Z H,Lan C Y,et al.Acidification of lead/zinc mine tailings and its effect on heavy metal mobility[J].Environment International,2001(5):389-394.
[8]Yang T T,Liu J,Chen W C,et al.Changes in microbial community composition following phytostabilization of an extremely acidic Cu mine tailings[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,2017(114):52-58.
[9]唐琨,朱伟文,周文新,等.土壤pH对植物生长发育影响的研究进展[J].作物研究,2013(2):207-212.
[10]陈远其,张煜,陈国梁.石灰对土壤重金属污染修复研究进展[J].生态环境学报,2016(8):1419-1424.
[11]Munshower F F. Practical Handbook of Disturbed Land Revegetation[M].Boca Raton,FL:Lewis Publishing,1994.
[12]Yang S X,Liao B,Li J T,et al.Acidification,heavy metal mobility and nutrient accumulation in the soil-plant system of a revegetated acid mine wasteland[J].Chemosphere,2010(8):852-859.
[13]晏闻博,柳丹,彭丹莉,等.重金属矿山生态治理与环境修复技术进展[J].浙江农林大学学报,2015(3):467-477.
[14]吴道铭,陈晓阳,曾曙才.芒属植物重金属耐性及其在矿山废弃地植被恢复中的应用潜力[J].应用生态学报,2017(4):1397-1406.