某矿分段采场上盘围岩稳定性分析及工程应用
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摘要
为了保证某倾斜矿体分段采场的安全生产,采用理论分析和FLAC~(3D)相结合的方法对不同条件的采场上盘围岩的稳定性进行研究;分析各参数条件下上盘围岩的当量暴露面积、应力、位移、塑性区分布等指标与采场长度、高度之间的关系;结合岩石强度理论、拉应力区分布面积及位移极限判据提出安全经济的结构参数,并通过工程应用对分析结果进行论证。结果表明:当量暴露面积随采场长度的增长率大于随高度的增长率,当采场长度大于40 m时,采场高度对当量暴露面积的影响权重逐渐增大;当采场长度和高度均为40 m时,其上盘围岩沿采场左右边缘及底部分布拉应力破坏区,最大位移量为41.77 mm,局部逐渐产生了塑性区,但各塑性区未发生贯通,可保持自身稳定。工程应用结果表明,开采过程中上盘围岩在出矿期间未出现剥离和掉渣现象,整体稳定。因此,为了有效保证采场安全和生产效率,建议矿山采场高度选择40 m,长度选择40 m。
In order to ensure sublevel mining safety of inclined orebody, theoretical calculation method and numerical simulation method were combined to analyze the stability of the hanging wall rock at sublevel-step stope with different structure parameters. The relationship between equivalent exposed area, stress variation, displacement and plastic zone distribution of surrounding rock on the hanging wall and the length, height of the stope was analyzed under different parameter conditions. Based on the theory of rock strength, the distribution area of tensile stress zone and the limit criterion of displacement,the parameters of stope structure which can guarantee the stability of the upper plate were put forward and demonstrated by the engineering application. The results show that the increase rate of equivalent exposed area with the stope length is greater than that with the height. When the stope length is greater than 40 m, the influencing weight of stope height on equivalent exposed area increases gradually. When stope length and height are both 40 m, the maximum displacement of surrounding rock on the upper wall along the left and right edges and the bottom of stope is 41.77 mm, and the plastic zone gradually generates in local. However, each plastic zone does not penetrate with each other, so it can maintain its own stability. The engineering application results show that there is no peeling and slag dropping of the surrounding rock on the hanging wall during the mining process, with good stability. Therefore, in order to effectively ensure the safety and production efficiency of the stope, it is suggested that the height of the stope should be 40 m and the length should be 40 m.
In order to ensure sublevel mining safety of inclined orebody, theoretical calculation method and numerical simulation method were combined to analyze the stability of the hanging wall rock at sublevel-step stope with different structure parameters. The relationship between equivalent exposed area, stress variation, displacement and plastic zone distribution of surrounding rock on the hanging wall and the length, height of the stope was analyzed under different parameter conditions. Based on the theory of rock strength, the distribution area of tensile stress zone and the limit criterion of displacement,the parameters of stope structure which can guarantee the stability of the upper plate were put forward and demonstrated by the engineering application. The results show that the increase rate of equivalent exposed area with the stope length is greater than that with the height. When the stope length is greater than 40 m, the influencing weight of stope height on equivalent exposed area increases gradually. When stope length and height are both 40 m, the maximum displacement of surrounding rock on the upper wall along the left and right edges and the bottom of stope is 41.77 mm, and the plastic zone gradually generates in local. However, each plastic zone does not penetrate with each other, so it can maintain its own stability. The engineering application results show that there is no peeling and slag dropping of the surrounding rock on the hanging wall during the mining process, with good stability. Therefore, in order to effectively ensure the safety and production efficiency of the stope, it is suggested that the height of the stope should be 40 m and the length should be 40 m.
引文
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[8]张志文,张天敏.用当量暴露面积法评价矿山采场的稳定性[J].金属矿山,1993(7):26-29.Zhang Zhiwen,Zhang Tianmin.Evaluating stability of mine stope by equivalent exposed area method[J].Metal Mine,1993(7):26-29.
[9]甯瑜琳,胡建华.缓倾斜薄矿体采场极限暴露面积与参数优化[J].矿冶工程,2014(1):14-17.Ning Yulin,Hu Jianhua.Maximum exposed area of stope with gently inclined thin orebody and parameters optimization[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,2014(1):14-17.
[2]杜宇翔,许梦国,程爱平,等.基于成本分析模型的程潮铁矿崩落法采场结构参数优化[J].金属矿山,2016(12):154-159.Du Yuxiang,Xu Mengguo,Cheng Aiping,et al.Optimization of caving stope structure parameters in Chengchao iron ore based on cost analysis mode[lJ].Metal Mine,2016(12):154-159.
[3]解盘石,伍永平,罗生虎,等.大倾角大采高采场倾向梯阶结构演化及稳定性分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2018,35(5):953-959.Xie Panshi,Wu Yongping,Luo Shenghu,et al.Structural evolution of ladder roof and its stability analyses for a fully-mechanized working face with a large mining height in steeply inclined coal seam[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2018,35(5):953-959.
[4]占飞,付玉华,余信橙,等.上向分层充填采矿法采场稳定性分析[J].矿业研究与开发,2018,38(03):39-42.Zhan Fei,Fu Yuhua,Yu Xincheng,et al.Stope stability analysis of upward cut-fill mining method[J].Mining Research and Development,2018,38(03):39-42.
[5]崔松,于世波,黄丹.两步回采大跨度采场稳定性模拟分析及其控制[J].金属矿山,2018(8):58-61.Cui Song,Yu Shibo,Huang Dan.Numerical simulation analysis and control of two-step long-span stope stability[J].Metal Mine,2018(8):58-61.
[6]徐晓宏.矿柱回收顺序对金属矿采空区稳定性影响分析[D].包头:内蒙古科技大学,2013.Xu Xiaohong.Analysis of Influence on Pillar Recovery Sequence on Goaf Stability in Metal Mine[D].Baotou:Inner Mongolia University of Science&Technology,2013.
[7]刘志义,候金亮,赵国彦,等.二步采场上盘围岩稳定性分析及工程应用[J].金属矿山,2015(11):143-148.Liu Zhiyi,Hou Jinliang,Zhao Guoyan,et al.Engineering application and stability analysis of the hanging wall rock of the secondstep stope[J].Metal Mine,2015(11):143-148.
[8]张志文,张天敏.用当量暴露面积法评价矿山采场的稳定性[J].金属矿山,1993(7):26-29.Zhang Zhiwen,Zhang Tianmin.Evaluating stability of mine stope by equivalent exposed area method[J].Metal Mine,1993(7):26-29.
[9]甯瑜琳,胡建华.缓倾斜薄矿体采场极限暴露面积与参数优化[J].矿冶工程,2014(1):14-17.Ning Yulin,Hu Jianhua.Maximum exposed area of stope with gently inclined thin orebody and parameters optimization[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,2014(1):14-17.
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