气-液-固三相磨粒流旋流流场分析及加工实验研究
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摘要
针对现有流体加工方法中加工效率低、易出现工件表面各区域加工纹理不均匀的问题,提出一种气-液-固三相磨粒流抛光加工新方法.基于Realizable k-ε湍流模型和Mixture模型,建立气-液-固三相磨粒流抛光加工数值模拟模型.数值模拟结果揭示了气-液-固三相磨粒流形成的高速湍流涡旋流场动力学特性,同时也发现了磨粒流流场中磨粒和微气泡的运动及分布规律,得到较优适用于气-液-固三相磨粒流抛光加工磨粒流入射角度设计参数,并设计出实验抛光工具.经过1h的实验加工后,与无微气泡条件的液固两相流抛光加工对比,气-液-固三相磨粒流抛光加工的工件表面相同区域的粗糙度值更低,纹理也更为均匀.上述研究结果表明:气-液-固三相磨粒流的流场特性提高了磨粒和微气泡运动的无序性及微气泡溃灭的概率,且磨粒流中的微气泡溃灭所释放的能量提高了磨粒的抛光加工效率.
According to the problem of low efficiency and uneven texture of workpiece surface processing for the existing fluid machining method,a new method of gas-liquid-solid three phase abrasive flow machining was proposed. Based on Realizable turbulence modle and the Mixture model,the numerical simulation model of gas-liquid-solid three phase abrasive flow polishing process was established.The numerical simulation results reveal the dynamics characteristics of the high-speed turbulent vortex flow field formed by the gas-liquid-solid three phase abrasive flow.Besides,the movement and distribution of abrasive and micro bubbles in the abrasive flow field is found.From the numerical simulation results,the design parameters of the abrasive flow incident angle which is better for gas liquid solid three phase abrasive flow polishing process is used to design the experimental polishing tool.After 1 hour of processing experiment,comparing with liquid-solid two phase abrasive flow machining,the roughness is low and the processing texture of the workpiece surface is more uniform in the same area of the workpiece surface.The above research results show that the flow field characteristics of gas-liquid-solid three phase abrasive flow improve the disorder of abrasive and micro bubbles motion and the probability of micro bubble collapse.The energy released by the collapse of microscopic bubbles can improve the effect of abrasive polishing.
According to the problem of low efficiency and uneven texture of workpiece surface processing for the existing fluid machining method,a new method of gas-liquid-solid three phase abrasive flow machining was proposed. Based on Realizable turbulence modle and the Mixture model,the numerical simulation model of gas-liquid-solid three phase abrasive flow polishing process was established.The numerical simulation results reveal the dynamics characteristics of the high-speed turbulent vortex flow field formed by the gas-liquid-solid three phase abrasive flow.Besides,the movement and distribution of abrasive and micro bubbles in the abrasive flow field is found.From the numerical simulation results,the design parameters of the abrasive flow incident angle which is better for gas liquid solid three phase abrasive flow polishing process is used to design the experimental polishing tool.After 1 hour of processing experiment,comparing with liquid-solid two phase abrasive flow machining,the roughness is low and the processing texture of the workpiece surface is more uniform in the same area of the workpiece surface.The above research results show that the flow field characteristics of gas-liquid-solid three phase abrasive flow improve the disorder of abrasive and micro bubbles motion and the probability of micro bubble collapse.The energy released by the collapse of microscopic bubbles can improve the effect of abrasive polishing.
引文
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[2]彭小强,戴一帆,李圣怡.磁流变抛光的材料去除数学模型[J].机械工程学报,2004,40(4):67-70Peng Xiaoqiang,Dai Yifan,Li Shengyi.Material removal model of magnetorheological finishing[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2004,40(4):67-70
[3]戴一帆,张学成,李圣怡,等.确定性磁射流抛光技术[J].机械工程学报,2009,45(5):171-176Dai Yifan,Zhang Xuecheng,Li Shengyi,et al.Deterministic magnetorheological jet polishing technology[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2009,45(5):171-176
[4]Ji Shiming,Xiao Fengqing,Tan Dapeng.Analytical method for softness abrasive flow field based on discrete phase model[J].Science China:Technological Sciences,2010,53(10):2867-2877
[5]计时鸣,池永为,谭大鹏.软性磨粒流磨粒入射壁面过程及其加工特性研究[J].机械工程学报,2012,48(13):174-183Ji Shiming,Chi Yongwei,Tan Dapeng.Research of abrasive injection process to the wall and machining characteristic of soft abrasive flow machining[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2012,48(13):174-183
[6]庞佑霞,唐勇,梁亮,等.冲蚀与空蚀交互磨损三相流场仿真与试验研究[J].机械工程学报,2012,48(3):115-120Pang Youxia,Tang Yong,Liang Liang,et al.Flow field simulation and experimental research on interactive erosion and cavitation wears in three phases[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2012,48(3):115-120
[7]Benoit S,Stéphane D,Arriaga L R,et al.Antibubble dynamics:the drainage of an air film with viscous interfaces.[J].Physical Review Letters,2012,109(26):909-919
[8]Reyssat E,Vandewalle N.Aging of an antibubble[J].EPL(Europhysics Letters),2005,69(6):966-970
[9]计时鸣,钟佳奇,谭大鹏,等.结构化流道环境下不同颗粒浓度的磨粒群分布及其动力学特性[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(4):45-53Ji Shiming,Zhong Jiaqi,Tan Dapeng,et al.Distribution and dynamic characteristic of particle group with different concentration in structural flow passage[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2012,28(4):45-53
[10]Shih T H,Liou W W,Shabbir A,et al.A new k-epsilon eddy viscosity model for high Reynolds number turbulent flows:Model development and validation[J].Nasa Sti/recon Technical Report N,1994:95
[11]赵鑫.氧化沟液固两相流的数值模拟[D].太原:太原科技大学,2012Zhao xin.Numerical simulation of liquid solid two phase flow in oxidation ditch[D].Taiyuan,Original University of Science and Technology,2012
[12]闫利宇.基于ANSYS的混流泵数值模拟仿真[D].成都:西华大学,2014Yan Liyu.Numerical simulation of mixed flow pump based on ANSYS[D].Chendu:Xihua University,2014
[13]丛国辉,王福军.湍流模型在泵站进水池漩涡模拟中的适用性研究[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(6):31-35Cong Guohui,Wang Fujun.Applicability of turbulence models in numerical simulation of vortex flow in pump sump[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2008,24(6):31-35
[14]Shirolkar J S,Coimbra C F M,Mcquay M Q.Fundamental aspects of modeling turbulent particle dispersion in dilute flows[J].Progress in Energy&Combustion Science,1996,22(4):363-399
[15]Kallio G A,Stock D E.Turbulent particle dispersion-a comparison between largangian and eulerian modeling approaches[C].Gas-Solid Flows-1986.Gas-Solid Flows-1986,1986:23-34
[16]马姗,王发展,王博,等.机械搅拌自吸式浮选机气-液-固三相流场的数值研究[J].工程设计学报,2014(1):62-67Ma Shan,Wang Fazhan,Wang Bo.Numerical research of gas-liquid-solid three-phase in mechanically self-absorption air flotation machine[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Design,2014(1):62-67
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