不同植被恢复模式下煤矸石充填复垦土壤物理性质与有机无机复合体的关系
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摘要
[目的]揭示复垦土壤物理性质与有机无机复合体的关系,为改善复垦土壤的物理特性提供依据。[方法]选择淮南大通煤矸石充填复垦区三种典型植被恢复模式下人工恢复7a的土壤,定量分析其物理性质及有机无机复合体,并运用多元统计分析两者的关系。[结果]研究区土壤的有机无机复合状况及结合态腐殖质在不同植被恢复下发生了不同程度的变化。结合态腐殖质以稳结态为主,所占比例为41%~67%。植被恢复降低了复垦土壤的容重而增加了其总孔隙度,而且臭椿+草本恢复模式效果最佳。土壤非毛管孔隙度与有机无机复合量及紧结态/重组碳呈显著正相关,而与稳结态/重组碳呈显著负相关。毛管孔隙度与有机无机复合量及紧结态/重组碳呈显著负相关,而与稳结态/重组碳呈显著正相关。土壤总孔隙度及容重与结合态腐殖质各组分的绝对含量分别呈显著正相关和负相关关系。[结论]复垦土壤物理性质与有机无机复合体具有密切关系。
[Objective]Clarifying the relationship between physical properties and organic-mineral complexes of reclaimed soil was supposed to provide a support for ameliorating the reclaimed soil physical condition.[Methods]This study chose the soil under three patterns of typical artificial vegetation restoration for seven years in Datong Reclamation District of Huainan City,which had been back-filled with coal gangue.Soil physical indictors and formations of organic-mineral complexes were quantified using standard procedures,and their relationship was determined by multivariate statistical analysis.[Results]Soil organic-mineral status and the combined humus varied with different vegetation restoration patterns in the survey region.The stably-combined humus dominated,and it accounted for 41%~67% of combined humus.Vegetation restoration lowered oil bulk density and increased total porosity significantly in contrast with that of natural soil.These effects were more obvious in the mixed plantation pattern of Ailanthus altissima and grass.Soil noncapillary porosity had significantly positive correlations with the amount of organic-mineral complexes and the ratio of tightly-combined humus to combined humus;however,a negative correlation was found of it with the ratio of stably-combined humus to combined humus.Soil capillary porosity was negatively and significantly correlated with the amount of organic-mineral complexes and the ratio of tightly-combined humus to combined humus;and was positive and significantly correlated with the ratio of stably-combined humus to combined humus.Positive association existed between contents of three fractions of soil combined humus,and to-tal porosity and negative correlation it was between the combined contents and low bulk density.[Conclusion]The physical condition showed strong correlations with organic-mineral complexes in reclaimed soils.
[Objective]Clarifying the relationship between physical properties and organic-mineral complexes of reclaimed soil was supposed to provide a support for ameliorating the reclaimed soil physical condition.[Methods]This study chose the soil under three patterns of typical artificial vegetation restoration for seven years in Datong Reclamation District of Huainan City,which had been back-filled with coal gangue.Soil physical indictors and formations of organic-mineral complexes were quantified using standard procedures,and their relationship was determined by multivariate statistical analysis.[Results]Soil organic-mineral status and the combined humus varied with different vegetation restoration patterns in the survey region.The stably-combined humus dominated,and it accounted for 41%~67% of combined humus.Vegetation restoration lowered oil bulk density and increased total porosity significantly in contrast with that of natural soil.These effects were more obvious in the mixed plantation pattern of Ailanthus altissima and grass.Soil noncapillary porosity had significantly positive correlations with the amount of organic-mineral complexes and the ratio of tightly-combined humus to combined humus;however,a negative correlation was found of it with the ratio of stably-combined humus to combined humus.Soil capillary porosity was negatively and significantly correlated with the amount of organic-mineral complexes and the ratio of tightly-combined humus to combined humus;and was positive and significantly correlated with the ratio of stably-combined humus to combined humus.Positive association existed between contents of three fractions of soil combined humus,and to-tal porosity and negative correlation it was between the combined contents and low bulk density.[Conclusion]The physical condition showed strong correlations with organic-mineral complexes in reclaimed soils.
引文
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[2]胡振琪,魏忠义,秦萍.矿山复垦土壤重构的概念与方法[J].土壤,2005,37(1):8-12.
[3]王莉,张和生.国内外矿区土地复垦研究进展[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(1):294-300.
[4]Lu Shenggao,Zaffar M,Chen Danping,et al.Porosity and pore size distribution of Ultisols and correlations to soil iron oxides[J].Catena,2014,123(1):79-87.
[5]侯雪莹,韩晓增.土壤有机无机复合体的研究进展[J].农业系统科学与综合研究,2008,24(1):61-67.
[6]César P,Denis C,JoséM F,et al.Physical,chemical,and biochemical mechanisms of soil organic matter stabilization under conservation tillage systems:A central role for microbes and microbial by-products in C sequestration[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,2013,57(1):124-134.
[7]魏朝富,谢德体,李保国.土壤有机无机复合体的研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2003,18(2):221-227.
[8]Lorena R,Gonzalo A,Heike K,et al.Multivariate statistical assessment of functional relationships between soil physical descriptors and structural features of soil organic matter in Mediterranean ecosystems[J].Geoderma,2014,230/231(1):95-107.
[9]中国科学院南京土壤研究所.土壤理化分析[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1978:511-525.
[10]徐树建,杜忠花.激光粒度仪测量风成堆积物粒度的实验研究[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(2):209-212.
[11]傅积平.土壤结合态腐殖质分组测定[J].土壤通报,1983,14(2):36-37.
[12]Guebert M D,Gardner T W.Macropore flow on a reclaimed surface mine:infiltration and hill slope hydrology[J].Geomorphology,2001,39(3/4):151-169.
[13]司志国.徐州市城市绿地土壤碳储量及质量评价[D].江苏南京:南京林业大学森林资源与环境学院,2013.
[14]徐建民,袁可能.土壤有机矿质复合体研究(Ⅶ):土壤结合态腐殖质的形成特点及其结合特征[J].土壤学报,1995,32(2):151-158.
[15]何斌,温远光,刘世荣,等.英罗港不同红树植物群落土壤腐殖质组成及特性的研究[J].土壤学报,2006,43(3):517-519.
[16]Lewis R P,Brian J R,Tang X Y.Quantifying the influence of biochar on the physical and hydrological properties of dissimilar soils[J].Geoderma,2014,235/236(1):182-190.
[17]夏建国,高福丽,凌静,等.植茶年限对土壤有机无机复合性状的影响[J].土壤通报,2010,41(6):1399-1403.
[18]高福丽.蒙山茶园土壤有机无机复合体性质研究[D].四川成都:四川农业大学,2009.