河南祁雨沟金矿田189号矿床流体包裹体与矿床成因研究
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摘要
河南祁雨沟金矿田189号矿床位于华北克拉通南缘的华熊地块,赋矿岩石为侵位于太华超群斜长角闪片麻岩的似斑状花岗岩。根据脉体穿切关系和矿物交代关系,将流体成矿过程分为4个阶段,其主要矿物组合分别为石英+钾长石±黄铁矿±磁铁矿(Ⅰ)、石英+黄铁矿±辉钼矿±黄铜矿(Ⅱ)、石英+黄铁矿+方铅矿±黄铜矿±金银碲化物(Ⅲ)和石英-碳酸盐(Ⅳ)。石英中发育4种类型流体包裹体:纯CO_2包裹体、CO_2-H_2O包裹体、水溶液包裹体和含子晶多相包裹体。其中,纯CO_2包裹体仅在Ⅰ阶段发育。流体包裹体均一温度从Ⅰ阶段380～475℃,经Ⅱ、Ⅲ阶段330～379℃和214～337℃,到Ⅳ阶段110～209℃,逐步降低;包裹体盐度最高值从Ⅰ阶段45.8%～57.9%NaCl_(eqv),经Ⅱ、Ⅲ阶段28.1%～47.0%NaCl_(eqv),到Ⅳ阶段0.5%～9.9%NaCl_(eqv),也呈降低的趋势。据CO_2-H_2O包裹体估算Ⅰ、Ⅱ阶段流体捕获压力分别为29～70 MPa和24～42 MPa,推测的成矿深度约为2.9 km。因此,祁雨沟189号矿床成矿流体具有高温、富CO_2的特征,为浆控高温热液系统的斑岩型金矿床。
The 189~# deposit in the Qiyugou gold orefield in Henan province is located in the Hua-Xiong Block on the southern margin of the North China Craton.It is hosted in the porphyritic granite intruded in the Archean to Paleoproterozoic amphibolite gneisses of the Taihua Supergroup.The ore-forming process can be divided into four stages marked respectively by quartz+K-feldspar±pyrite±magnetite,quartz+pyrite±chalcopyrite±molybdenite,quartz+pyrite+galena±gold±telluride±chalcopyrite and ore-barren quartz+carbonate veinlets.Four types of fluid inclusions(FIs)are observed in the hydrothermal quartz,including pure CO_2(PC-type),CO_2-H_2O(C-type),aqueous(W-type),and daughter mineral-bearing(S-type)fluid inclusions.The PC-type FIs only develop in stageⅠ,whereas the stageⅣminerals only contain W-type FIs.The FIs in minerals of stagesⅠ,ⅡandⅢare mainly homogenized at temperatures of 380–475℃,330–379℃ and 214–337℃,with maximum salinities of 45.8%–57.9% NaCl_(eqv),28.1%–47.0% NaCl_(eqv) and 0.5%–9.9% NaCl_(eqv),respectively.The estimated minimum trapping pressures are 29–70 MPa in stageⅠand 24–42 MPa in stageⅡ,respectively,corresponding to an initial mineralization depth of 2.9 km.It is concluded that the fluids forming the 189~#deposit are characterized by high temperature,CO_2-rich,metalliferous,and magmatic in origin.As supported by the geologic characteristics,the deposit is a porphyry gold system.
The 189~# deposit in the Qiyugou gold orefield in Henan province is located in the Hua-Xiong Block on the southern margin of the North China Craton.It is hosted in the porphyritic granite intruded in the Archean to Paleoproterozoic amphibolite gneisses of the Taihua Supergroup.The ore-forming process can be divided into four stages marked respectively by quartz+K-feldspar±pyrite±magnetite,quartz+pyrite±chalcopyrite±molybdenite,quartz+pyrite+galena±gold±telluride±chalcopyrite and ore-barren quartz+carbonate veinlets.Four types of fluid inclusions(FIs)are observed in the hydrothermal quartz,including pure CO_2(PC-type),CO_2-H_2O(C-type),aqueous(W-type),and daughter mineral-bearing(S-type)fluid inclusions.The PC-type FIs only develop in stageⅠ,whereas the stageⅣminerals only contain W-type FIs.The FIs in minerals of stagesⅠ,ⅡandⅢare mainly homogenized at temperatures of 380–475℃,330–379℃ and 214–337℃,with maximum salinities of 45.8%–57.9% NaCl_(eqv),28.1%–47.0% NaCl_(eqv) and 0.5%–9.9% NaCl_(eqv),respectively.The estimated minimum trapping pressures are 29–70 MPa in stageⅠand 24–42 MPa in stageⅡ,respectively,corresponding to an initial mineralization depth of 2.9 km.It is concluded that the fluids forming the 189~#deposit are characterized by high temperature,CO_2-rich,metalliferous,and magmatic in origin.As supported by the geologic characteristics,the deposit is a porphyry gold system.
引文
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郭东升,陈衍景,祁进平.2007.河南祁雨沟金矿同位素地球化学和矿床成因分析.地质论评,53(2):217-227.
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胡受奚,林潜龙,陈泽铭.1988.华北与华南古板块拼合带地质和成矿.南京:南京大学出版社:1-558.
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