四川盆地东北部马路背地区上三叠统须家河组天然气地球化学特征及气源
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摘要
依据天然气化学组分及碳、氢同位素等地球化学资料,分析了四川盆地东北部马路背地区上三叠统须家河组天然气地球化学特征、天然气成因及来源。研究表明,马路背地区须家河组天然气组分以甲烷为主,含量介于92. 60%～99. 04%,平均为97. 59%,干燥系数普遍高于0. 990 0,平均为0. 992 2,热演化程度较高;与邻区须家河组天然气对比,马路背地区须家河组天然气碳同位素明显具有甲烷碳同位素偏重、乙烷碳同位素偏轻的特征,δ~(13)C_1值介于-33. 70‰～-28. 60‰,平均为-30. 88‰,δ~(13)C2值介于-36. 40‰～-28. 90‰,平均为-33. 11‰,甲烷和乙烷碳同位素多表现为倒转分布。天然气成因鉴别及气-源对比研究表明,马路背地区须家河组天然气为Ⅲ型和Ⅱ型干酪根生成的煤型气和油型气的混合热成因气,天然气主要来源于上三叠统须家河组煤系烃源岩及上二叠统吴家坪组海相烃源岩,甲烷和乙烷碳同位素倒转正是煤型气及油型气混合所致。马路背地区须家河组天然气高产富集与该区海相、陆相烃源岩双源供烃及深大断裂有效沟通海相、陆相多套优质烃源岩关系密切,沟通海相、陆相烃源岩的通源断裂在该区天然气成藏富集及后期调整改造方面具有重要作用。
Based on the analyses of geochemical data like gas composition and carbon and hydrogen isotopes,the study is made on the geochemical characteristics,origin and source of natural gas in the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in Malubei area,northeastern Sichuan Basin. The results indicate that the natural gas in the Xujiahe Formation in Malubei area is mainly composed of methane,with the content ranging from 92. 60% to 99. 04%,averaging out at 97. 59%,and its gas dry coefficient is generally higher than 0. 990 0,with the average value of 0. 992 2,indicating a higher degree of thermal evolution. Compared with the Xujiahe natural gas in adjacent areas,the values of gas δ~(13) C_1 in Malubei area are bigger( ranging from-33. 70‰ to-28. 60‰,with an average of-30. 88‰),but the values of δ~(13) C2 are smaller( ranging from-30. 88‰ to-28. 90‰,with an average of-33. 11‰),and the carbon isotopes of methane and ethane in the gas of the study area are mainly in reversed distribution: the carbon isotope of methane is relatively heavier while the carbon isotope of ethane is lighter. The identification of gas origin and analysis of gas-source correlation indicate that the natural gas in the Xujiahe Formation in Malubei area is the mixed thermogenic gas of coal-type gas and oil-type gasgenerated by kerogen Type III and II,and mainly sourced from the coal-measure source rocks in the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation and the marine source rocks in the Upper Permian Wujiaping Formation. And the carbon isotopic reversal of methane and ethane for the Xujiahe gas just results from the mixing of the coal-type gas and oil-type gas. The accumulation and high productivity of the natural gas in the Xujiahe Formation in Malubei area is closely related to hydrocarbon generation by both marine and terrestrial source rocks and the connectivity of several quality marine and terrestrial source rocks to the Xujiahe reservoir by means of deep and large faults,which have played a significant role in natural gas accumulation and later adjustment in the Xujiahe Formation in Malubei area.
Based on the analyses of geochemical data like gas composition and carbon and hydrogen isotopes,the study is made on the geochemical characteristics,origin and source of natural gas in the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in Malubei area,northeastern Sichuan Basin. The results indicate that the natural gas in the Xujiahe Formation in Malubei area is mainly composed of methane,with the content ranging from 92. 60% to 99. 04%,averaging out at 97. 59%,and its gas dry coefficient is generally higher than 0. 990 0,with the average value of 0. 992 2,indicating a higher degree of thermal evolution. Compared with the Xujiahe natural gas in adjacent areas,the values of gas δ~(13) C_1 in Malubei area are bigger( ranging from-33. 70‰ to-28. 60‰,with an average of-30. 88‰),but the values of δ~(13) C2 are smaller( ranging from-30. 88‰ to-28. 90‰,with an average of-33. 11‰),and the carbon isotopes of methane and ethane in the gas of the study area are mainly in reversed distribution: the carbon isotope of methane is relatively heavier while the carbon isotope of ethane is lighter. The identification of gas origin and analysis of gas-source correlation indicate that the natural gas in the Xujiahe Formation in Malubei area is the mixed thermogenic gas of coal-type gas and oil-type gasgenerated by kerogen Type III and II,and mainly sourced from the coal-measure source rocks in the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation and the marine source rocks in the Upper Permian Wujiaping Formation. And the carbon isotopic reversal of methane and ethane for the Xujiahe gas just results from the mixing of the coal-type gas and oil-type gas. The accumulation and high productivity of the natural gas in the Xujiahe Formation in Malubei area is closely related to hydrocarbon generation by both marine and terrestrial source rocks and the connectivity of several quality marine and terrestrial source rocks to the Xujiahe reservoir by means of deep and large faults,which have played a significant role in natural gas accumulation and later adjustment in the Xujiahe Formation in Malubei area.
引文
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[8]陈敬轶,贾会冲,李永杰,等.鄂尔多斯盆地伊盟隆起上古生界天然气成因及气源.[J].石油与天然气地质,2016,37(2):205-209.Chen Jingyi,Jia Huichong,Li Yongjie,et al. Origin and source of natural gas in the Upper Paleozoic of the Yimeng Uplift,Ordos Basin.[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2016,37(2):205-209.
[9]黄籍中.油气区天然气成因分类及其在四川盆地的应用[J].天然气地球科学,1991,2(1):1-15.Huang Jizhong. The genetic classification of natural gas and its application in Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscinece,1991,2(1):1-15.
[10]田继先,李剑,曾旭,等.柴达木盆地北缘天然气地球化学特征及其石油地质意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2017,38(2):355-362.Tian Jixian,Li Jian,Zeng Xu,et al. Geochemical characteristics and petroleum geologic significance of natural gas in the north margin of the Qaidam Basin[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2017,38(2):355-362.
[11]林世国,王昌勇,易士威,等.川东卧新双地区天然气特征及上三叠统须家河组天然气来源[J].石油与天然气地质,2017,38(5):913-921.Lin Shiguo,Wang Changyong,Yi Shiwei,et al. Analyses of features and source of natural gas in the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation,Woxinshuang area,eastern Sichuan Basin[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2017,38(5):913-921.
[12]戴金星.天然气中烷烃气碳同位素研究的意义[J].天然气工业,2011,31(12):1-5.Dai Jinxing. Significance of the study on carbon isotopes of alkane gases[J]. Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(12):1-5.
[13]韩中喜,李剑,垢艳侠,等.甲、乙烷碳同位素用于判识天然气成因类型的讨论[J].天然气地球科学,2016,27(4):665-671.Han Zhongxi,Li Jian,Guo Yanxia,et al. The application of methane and ethane carbon isotopes as an identification index for gas origin study[J]. Natural Gas Geoscinece,2016,27(4):665-671.
[14]庞雄奇,周海燕,李建青,等.判别混源气母质转化程度的定量模式及其应用[J].石油学报,2000,21(5):16-20.Pang Xiongqi,Zhou Haiyan,Li Jianqing,et al. The quantitative identification model of the evolution degree of mixing natural gas source material and the application of this model[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2000,21(5):16-20.
[15]戴金星,裴锡古,戚厚发.中国天然气地质学(卷一)[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1992:1-149.Dai Jinxing,Pei Xigu,Qi Houfa. Gas Geology in China(Volume 1)[M]. Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1992:1-149.
[16]戴金星,戚厚发.我国煤成烃气的δ13C-Ro关系[J].科学通报,1989,9(9):690-692.Dai Jinxing,Qi Houfa. The relation ofδ13C and Roof coal hydrocarbon gas in China[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,1989,9(9):690-692.
[17]程立雪,王威,王涛.川东北元坝、马路背地区上三叠统须二段石英砂岩储层天然气产能差异的原因[J].天然气工业,2017,37(8):14-21.Cheng Lixue,Wang Wei,Wang Tao. Reasons for the productivity difference of quartz sandstone gas reservoirs of Upper Triassic Xu 2Member between Yuanba and Malubei areas in NE Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry,2017,37(8):14-21.
[18]王俊鹏,张惠良,张荣虎,等.裂缝发育对超深层致密砂岩储层的改造作用——以塔里木盆地库车坳陷克深气田为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2018,39(1):77-88.Wang Junpeng,Zhang Huiliang,Zhang Ronghu,et al. Enhancement of ultra-deep tight sandstone reservoir quality by fractures:A case study of Keshen gas field in Kuqa Depression,Tarim Basin[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2018,39(1):77-88.
[2]刘若冰,郭彤楼,邵明莉.川东北元坝地区中浅层天然气气源及成因类型[J].天然气工业,2011,31(6):34-38.Liu Ruobing,Guo Tonglou,Shao Mingli. Sources and genetic types of gas in the middle-shallow strata of the Yuanba area,northeastern Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(6):34-38.
[3]高红灿,郑荣才,柯光明,等.川东北地区前陆盆地须家河组层序-岩相古地理特征[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2005,25(3):38-45.Gao Hongcan,Zheng Rongcai,Ke Guangming,et al. The UpperTria-ssic Xujiahe Formation in the northeastern Sichuan foreland basin:Sequence-based sedimentary facies and palaeogeography[J]. Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,2005,25(3):38-45.
[4]盘昌林,刘树根,马永生,等.川东北地区须家河组天然气成藏主控因素分析[J].断块油气田,2011,18(4):418-423.Pan Changlin,Liu Shugen,Ma Yongsheng,et al. Analysis on main controlling factors of gas accumulation in Xujiahe Formation of the northeastern Sichuan Basin[J]. Fault-Block Oil and Gas,2011,18(4):418-423.
[5]李凤,张卿,黄仁春,等.元坝、通南巴地区天然气地球化学特征与成藏关系研究[J].石油与天然气学报,2011,33(6):36-39.Li Feng,Zhang Qing,Huang Renchun,et al. Relation between geochemical characteristics of natural gas and hydrocarbon accumulation in Yuanba and Tongnanba areas[J]. Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2011,33(6):36-39.
[6]李军,胡东风,邹华耀,等.四川盆地元坝-通南巴地区须家河组致密砂岩储层成岩-成藏耦合关系[J].天然气地球科学,2016,27(7):1164-1178.Li Jun,Hu Dongfeng,Zou Huayao,et al. Coupling relationship between reservoir diagengesis and gas accumulation in Xujiahe Formation of Yuanba-Tongnanba area,Sichuan Basin,China[J]. Natural Gas Geoscinece,2016,27(7):1164-1178.
[7]张士亚,郜建军,蒋泰然,等.利用甲、乙烷碳同位素判识天然气类型的一种新方法[M].北京:地质出版社,1988:48-58.Zhang Shiya,Gao Jianjun,Jiang Tairan,et al. A new method to identify natural gas types by using the carbon isotope of methane and ethane[M]. Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1988:48-58.
[8]陈敬轶,贾会冲,李永杰,等.鄂尔多斯盆地伊盟隆起上古生界天然气成因及气源.[J].石油与天然气地质,2016,37(2):205-209.Chen Jingyi,Jia Huichong,Li Yongjie,et al. Origin and source of natural gas in the Upper Paleozoic of the Yimeng Uplift,Ordos Basin.[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2016,37(2):205-209.
[9]黄籍中.油气区天然气成因分类及其在四川盆地的应用[J].天然气地球科学,1991,2(1):1-15.Huang Jizhong. The genetic classification of natural gas and its application in Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscinece,1991,2(1):1-15.
[10]田继先,李剑,曾旭,等.柴达木盆地北缘天然气地球化学特征及其石油地质意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2017,38(2):355-362.Tian Jixian,Li Jian,Zeng Xu,et al. Geochemical characteristics and petroleum geologic significance of natural gas in the north margin of the Qaidam Basin[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2017,38(2):355-362.
[11]林世国,王昌勇,易士威,等.川东卧新双地区天然气特征及上三叠统须家河组天然气来源[J].石油与天然气地质,2017,38(5):913-921.Lin Shiguo,Wang Changyong,Yi Shiwei,et al. Analyses of features and source of natural gas in the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation,Woxinshuang area,eastern Sichuan Basin[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2017,38(5):913-921.
[12]戴金星.天然气中烷烃气碳同位素研究的意义[J].天然气工业,2011,31(12):1-5.Dai Jinxing. Significance of the study on carbon isotopes of alkane gases[J]. Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(12):1-5.
[13]韩中喜,李剑,垢艳侠,等.甲、乙烷碳同位素用于判识天然气成因类型的讨论[J].天然气地球科学,2016,27(4):665-671.Han Zhongxi,Li Jian,Guo Yanxia,et al. The application of methane and ethane carbon isotopes as an identification index for gas origin study[J]. Natural Gas Geoscinece,2016,27(4):665-671.
[14]庞雄奇,周海燕,李建青,等.判别混源气母质转化程度的定量模式及其应用[J].石油学报,2000,21(5):16-20.Pang Xiongqi,Zhou Haiyan,Li Jianqing,et al. The quantitative identification model of the evolution degree of mixing natural gas source material and the application of this model[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2000,21(5):16-20.
[15]戴金星,裴锡古,戚厚发.中国天然气地质学(卷一)[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1992:1-149.Dai Jinxing,Pei Xigu,Qi Houfa. Gas Geology in China(Volume 1)[M]. Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1992:1-149.
[16]戴金星,戚厚发.我国煤成烃气的δ13C-Ro关系[J].科学通报,1989,9(9):690-692.Dai Jinxing,Qi Houfa. The relation ofδ13C and Roof coal hydrocarbon gas in China[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,1989,9(9):690-692.
[17]程立雪,王威,王涛.川东北元坝、马路背地区上三叠统须二段石英砂岩储层天然气产能差异的原因[J].天然气工业,2017,37(8):14-21.Cheng Lixue,Wang Wei,Wang Tao. Reasons for the productivity difference of quartz sandstone gas reservoirs of Upper Triassic Xu 2Member between Yuanba and Malubei areas in NE Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry,2017,37(8):14-21.
[18]王俊鹏,张惠良,张荣虎,等.裂缝发育对超深层致密砂岩储层的改造作用——以塔里木盆地库车坳陷克深气田为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2018,39(1):77-88.Wang Junpeng,Zhang Huiliang,Zhang Ronghu,et al. Enhancement of ultra-deep tight sandstone reservoir quality by fractures:A case study of Keshen gas field in Kuqa Depression,Tarim Basin[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2018,39(1):77-88.