三维扫描测头在齿轮测量中心的应用
|
摘要
为了解决三维测头在齿轮测量中心应用上的技术难点,通过构建三维扫描测头的多元非线性模型,规划出基准球的扫描路径,实现了对测头自身的垂直度、直线度、测针挠度以及与仪器坐标轴不重合等误差的校准。分析影响校准精度的因素,解决了三维扫描测头的标定问题,为后续工件的测量奠定了基础。由于三维扫描测头无法精确探测到给定的工件坐标点位置,测量时也无法严格按照预定的路径扫描,无法采取传统的电子展成法得到测量误差值。本文利用空间曲面理论实现了齿轮的测量及误差计算,通过对标准齿轮的检测,验证了方法的可行性,为复杂工件的一次装卡,全自动完成几何误差和形位误差的测量提供了条件,拓展了齿轮测量中心的检测能力。
In order to solve the technical difficulties in the application of the three-dimensional(3 D) measuring probe in gear measurement center,the scanning path of the standard ball is planned by establishing the multivariate nonlinear model of 3 D scanning probe.The calibration on the probe′s errors of verticality,straightness and deflection as well as the misalignment from the instrument axis are achieved.The factors that affect the calibration precision are analyzed,which solves the problem of 3 D scanning probe calibration and provides a foundation for the subsequent workpiece measurement. Since 3 D scanning probe cannot accurately detect the given coordinate point location of the workpiece and cannot move strictly in accordance with a predetermined scanning path,the measuring error cannot be obtained by utilizing the traditional electronic generation method.The theory of spatial curved surface is used to complete the gear measurement and error calculation.Through the standard gear detection,the method is validated,which provides the foundation for measuring the form and position errors at one-time loading of complex workpiece,and greatly expands the detection capability of gear measuring center.
In order to solve the technical difficulties in the application of the three-dimensional(3 D) measuring probe in gear measurement center,the scanning path of the standard ball is planned by establishing the multivariate nonlinear model of 3 D scanning probe.The calibration on the probe′s errors of verticality,straightness and deflection as well as the misalignment from the instrument axis are achieved.The factors that affect the calibration precision are analyzed,which solves the problem of 3 D scanning probe calibration and provides a foundation for the subsequent workpiece measurement. Since 3 D scanning probe cannot accurately detect the given coordinate point location of the workpiece and cannot move strictly in accordance with a predetermined scanning path,the measuring error cannot be obtained by utilizing the traditional electronic generation method.The theory of spatial curved surface is used to complete the gear measurement and error calculation.Through the standard gear detection,the method is validated,which provides the foundation for measuring the form and position errors at one-time loading of complex workpiece,and greatly expands the detection capability of gear measuring center.
引文
[1]石照耀,费业泰,谢华锟.齿轮测量技术100年——回顾与展望[J].中国工程科学,2003,5(9):13-17.
[2]马强,唐文彦,韩连福.CNC齿轮测量中心发展现状及关键技术[C]//全国生产工程第十届年会,2010:144-153.
[3]张海亮.齿轮滚刀测量及误差评定技术的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2008.
[4]杨海军,李平,王建华.平行簧片导轨的性能研究[J].西安工业学院学报,2004,24(1):15-18.
[5]李一全,吴雅博.双平行簧片结构弹性元件的抗扭转优化设计[J].长春大学学报,2014,24(6):722-724.
[6]牟新明,王建华,杨密.平行簧片机构力学分析与计算[J].纳米技术与精密工程,2005,3(4):278-282.
[7]郭敬滨,张国雄.快速检测三坐标测量机垂直度误差的新方法[J].天津大学学报,2003,36(3):293-295.
[8]杨新刚,黄玉美,高峰,等.非正交模拟接触式测头的标定算法研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2007,28(10):1826-1830.
[9]吴玲,刘忠,卢发兴.全局收敛高斯—牛顿法解非线性最小二乘定位问题[J].火控雷达技术,2003,32:75-80.
[10]张海亮,张蕾.精锻直锥齿轮测量技术分析及解决方案[J].模具技术,2017,5:52-58.
[11]吴振宇,马伯渊.PMAC运动控制器样条运动模式的应用分析研究[J].机械设计与制造,2007(3):126-128.
[2]马强,唐文彦,韩连福.CNC齿轮测量中心发展现状及关键技术[C]//全国生产工程第十届年会,2010:144-153.
[3]张海亮.齿轮滚刀测量及误差评定技术的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2008.
[4]杨海军,李平,王建华.平行簧片导轨的性能研究[J].西安工业学院学报,2004,24(1):15-18.
[5]李一全,吴雅博.双平行簧片结构弹性元件的抗扭转优化设计[J].长春大学学报,2014,24(6):722-724.
[6]牟新明,王建华,杨密.平行簧片机构力学分析与计算[J].纳米技术与精密工程,2005,3(4):278-282.
[7]郭敬滨,张国雄.快速检测三坐标测量机垂直度误差的新方法[J].天津大学学报,2003,36(3):293-295.
[8]杨新刚,黄玉美,高峰,等.非正交模拟接触式测头的标定算法研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2007,28(10):1826-1830.
[9]吴玲,刘忠,卢发兴.全局收敛高斯—牛顿法解非线性最小二乘定位问题[J].火控雷达技术,2003,32:75-80.
[10]张海亮,张蕾.精锻直锥齿轮测量技术分析及解决方案[J].模具技术,2017,5:52-58.
[11]吴振宇,马伯渊.PMAC运动控制器样条运动模式的应用分析研究[J].机械设计与制造,2007(3):126-128.