伊宁市土地利用结构变化及人文驱动因子分析
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摘要
以伊宁市土地利用现状数据、土地利用变更数据及年鉴等数据为基础,探究研究区的土地利用结构变化及其人文驱动因素.运用信息熵、均衡度、优势度等方法分析土地利用结构的时序变化和空间分异规律. 2009—2015年城镇村及工矿用地面积增加8 198.50 hm2,草地减少7 777.74 hm2,变化率和动态度较为明显;土地利用结构信息熵时间维分为:上升区、稳定区、下降区;区域差异在空间维为:高熵值、中熵值、低熵值.利用主成分分析法研究土地利用结构变化的动力因素,提取的3个主成分因子的累积方差贡献率达到93.415%.结果表明:在研究期城镇村及工矿用地、草地变化趋势较明显;经济规模、中心城区的辐射效应、政策导向性是土地利用结构信息熵时空分异的主要控制因素;人口密度、第三产业占GDP的比重、社会消费品零售总额、国有固定资产投资、农村居民人均生活消费支出等在其主成分中最为显著.
Based on the data of land use status, land use change and yearbook of Yining City, the author explored the change of land use structure and its humanistic driving factors in the research area. The sequential variation and spatial differentiation of land use structure were analyzed by means of information entropy,equilibrium degree and dominance degree. From 2009 to 2015, the area of urban villages and industrial and mining land increased by 8 198.50 hm2, while the grassland decreased by 7 777.74 hm2. The change rate and dynamic degree were obvious. The time dimension of information entropy of land use structure is divided into ascending area, stable area and descending area, and the spatial dimension of regional difference is high entropy value,medium entropy value and low entropy value. The dynamic factors of land use structure change were studied by principal component analysis. The cumulative variance contribution rate of the three principal component factors was 93.415%. The results show that the change trend of urban villages, industrial and mining land and grassland is obvious during the study period, and the main controlling factors of spatial and sequential differentiation of land use structure information entropy are economic scale, radiation effect of central urban area and policy orientation,and population density, the proportion of tertiary industry to GDP, total retail sales of consumer goods, investment in state-owned fixed assets, and per capita consumption expenditure of rural residents are the most significant components.
Based on the data of land use status, land use change and yearbook of Yining City, the author explored the change of land use structure and its humanistic driving factors in the research area. The sequential variation and spatial differentiation of land use structure were analyzed by means of information entropy,equilibrium degree and dominance degree. From 2009 to 2015, the area of urban villages and industrial and mining land increased by 8 198.50 hm2, while the grassland decreased by 7 777.74 hm2. The change rate and dynamic degree were obvious. The time dimension of information entropy of land use structure is divided into ascending area, stable area and descending area, and the spatial dimension of regional difference is high entropy value,medium entropy value and low entropy value. The dynamic factors of land use structure change were studied by principal component analysis. The cumulative variance contribution rate of the three principal component factors was 93.415%. The results show that the change trend of urban villages, industrial and mining land and grassland is obvious during the study period, and the main controlling factors of spatial and sequential differentiation of land use structure information entropy are economic scale, radiation effect of central urban area and policy orientation,and population density, the proportion of tertiary industry to GDP, total retail sales of consumer goods, investment in state-owned fixed assets, and per capita consumption expenditure of rural residents are the most significant components.
引文
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[13]郭荣中,杨敏华.基于信息熵的长株潭区域土地利用结构分析[J].农业现代化研究,2013,34(1):72-76.Guo R Z,Yang M H.Studies on land use structures of city group based on information entropy in Changsha Zhuzhou Xiangtan area[J].Research of Agricultural Modernization,2013,34(1):72-76.
[14]刘欣,赵艳霞,武爱彬,等.河北省浅山丘陵区土地利用变化及人文驱动分析[J].农业现代化研究,2015,36(1):126-131.Liu X,Zhao Y X,Wu A B,et al.Land use changes and its anthropogenic driving factors in hilly regions,Hebei Province[J].Research of Agricultural Modernization,2015,36(1):126-131.
[15]章予舒,王立新,张红旗,等.疏勒河流域土地利用变化驱动因素分析--以安西县为例[J].地理科学进展,2003,22(3):270-278.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-6301.2003.03.006.Zhang Y S,Wang L X,Zhang H Q,et al.An analysis on land use changes and their driving factors in Shule River:An example from Anxi County[J].Progress in Geography,2003,22(3):270-278.
[16]李秀花,师庆东.基于TM影像和马尔柯夫模型的新疆精河县土地利用动态研究[J].云南大学学报:自然科学版,2011,33(4):406-411.Li X H,Shi Q D.Dynamic study on landuse based on TM images and Markov model in Jinghe County of Xinjiang[J].Journal of Yunnan University:Natural Sciences Edition,2011,33(4):406-411.
[17]陈百明,周小萍.《土地利用现状分类》国家标准的解读[J].自然资源学报,2007,22(6):994-1 003.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-3037.2007.06.017.Chen B M,Zhou X P.Explanation of current land use condition classification for national standard of the People's Republic of China[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2007,22(6):994-1 003.
[18]陈彦光,刘继生.城市土地利用结构和形态的定量描述:从信息熵到分数维[J].地理研究,2001,20(2):146-152.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-0585.2001.02.003.Chen Y G,Liu J S.An index of equilibrium of urban land-use structure and information dimension of urban form[J].Geographical Research,2001,20(2):146-152.
[19]陈彦光,刘明华.城市土地利用结构的熵值定律[J].人文地理,2001,16(4):20-24.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1003-2398.2001.04.005.Chen Y G,Liu M H.The basic laws of the Shannon Entropy values of urban land use composition[J].Human Geography,2001,16(4):20-24.
[20]杨依天,郑度,张雪芹,等.1980-2010年和田绿洲土地利用变化空间耦合及其环境效应[J].地理学报,2013,68(6):813-824.Yang Y T,Zheng D,Zhang X Q,et al.The spatial coupling of land use changes and its environmental effects on Hotan oasis during 1980-2010[J].Acta Geographical Sinica,2013,68(6):813-824.
[21]董杰,杨春德,周秀慧,等.山东省土地利用结构时空变化及其驱动机制分析[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(4):206-210.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-3409.2006.04.065.Dong J,Yang C D,Zhou X H,et al.Analysis of spatiotemporal changes and driving mechanism of land-use structure in Shandong Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(4):206-210.
[22]费兵强,韩炜,马霄华,等.2010-2015年焉耆盆地LUCC特征分析及预测[J].云南大学学报:自然科学版,2017,39(3):395-404.Fei B Q,Han W,Ma X H,et al.An analysis of LUCCcharacteristics during 2010-2015 and its simulation and prediction in Yanqi Basin,Xinjiang[J].Journal of Yunnan University:Natural Sciences Edition,2017,39(3):395-404.
[23]乔伟峰,孙在宏,邵繁荣,等.高度城市化区域土地利用结构演化与驱动因素分析--以苏州市为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2012,21(5):557-564.Qiao W F,Sun Z H,Shao F R,et al.Analysis on evolution and driving factors of land use structure in highly urbanized area-A case study of Suzhou[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangze Basin,2012,21(5):557-564.
[2]赵俊三,袁磊,张萌.土地利用变化空间多尺度驱动力耦合模型构建[J].中国土地科学,2015,29(6):57-66.Zhao J S,Yuan L,Zhang M.Driving forces coupling model for multi-scale land use change based on system dynamics[J].China Land Sciences,2015,29(6):57-66.
[3]Meyer W B,Turner B L.Change in land use and land cover:A global perspective[M].London:Cambridge University Press,1994.
[4]金建德,周治黔,孟维亮,等.基于RS和GIS的贵阳市土地利用/覆盖变化时空特征分析[J].云南大学学报:自然科学版,2011,33(S1):42-48.Jin J D,Zhou Z Q,Meng W L,et al.The analysis of spatial and temporal characteristics of the land use/cover change in Guiyang based on RS and GIS[J].Journal of Yunnan University:Natural Sciences Edition,2011,33(S1):42-48.
[5]Liu J Y,Liu M L,Zhang D F,et al.Study on spatial pattern of land-use change in China during 1995-2000[J].Science in China(Series D:Earth Science),2003,46(4):373-384.
[6]许茜,李奇,陈懂懂,等.三江源土地利用变化特征及因素分析[J].生态环境学报,2017,26(11):1 836-1 843.Xu Q,Li Q,Chen D D,et al.The spatial-temporal characteristic of land use change in Sanjiangyuan Region and its effect factors[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2017,26(11):1 836-1 843.
[7]马晴,李丁,廖杰,等.疏勒河中下游绿洲土地利用变化及其驱动力分析[J].经济地理,2014,34(1):148-155.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-8462.2014.01.023.Ma Q,Li D,Liao J,et al.Analysis of land use change and its driving forces in the oasis of Shule River middle and lower reaches[J].Economic Geography,2014,34(1):148-155.
[8]李丽国,王宇欣,邱硕,等.乌鲁木齐市土地利用和覆被生态变化及其驱动力分析[J].中国农业大学学报,2017,22(6):177-188.Li L G,Wang Y X,Qiu S,et al.Research on land-use and land-cover change of Urumqi City and its driving mechanism[J].Journal of China Agricultural University,2017,22(6):177-188.
[9]Rozanov B G,Targulian V,Orlov D S,et al.The earth as transformed by human action.Global and regional changes in the biosphere over the past 300 years[J].Forest Ecology&Management,1990,55(55):341-342.
[10]Pannell D J,Roberts A M,Park G,et al.Integrated assessment of public investment in land-use change to protect environmental assets in Australia[J].Land Use Policy,2012,29(2):377-387.DOI:10.1016/j.landusepol.2011.08.002.
[11]甘红,刘彦随,王大伟.土地利用类型转换的人文驱动因子模拟分析[J].资源科学,2004,26(2):88-93.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1007-7588.2004.02.013.Gan H,Liu Y S,Wang D W.Simulation and analysis of the human driving factors of land use type conversion[J].Resources Science,2004,26(2):88-93.
[12]肖思思,吴春笃,储金宇.1980-2005年太湖地区土地利用变化及驱动因素分析[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(23):1-11.Xiao S S,Wu C D,Chu J Y.Land use changes and driving forces in Tai Lake region from 1980 to 2005[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering(Transactions of the CSAE),2012,28(23):1-11.
[13]郭荣中,杨敏华.基于信息熵的长株潭区域土地利用结构分析[J].农业现代化研究,2013,34(1):72-76.Guo R Z,Yang M H.Studies on land use structures of city group based on information entropy in Changsha Zhuzhou Xiangtan area[J].Research of Agricultural Modernization,2013,34(1):72-76.
[14]刘欣,赵艳霞,武爱彬,等.河北省浅山丘陵区土地利用变化及人文驱动分析[J].农业现代化研究,2015,36(1):126-131.Liu X,Zhao Y X,Wu A B,et al.Land use changes and its anthropogenic driving factors in hilly regions,Hebei Province[J].Research of Agricultural Modernization,2015,36(1):126-131.
[15]章予舒,王立新,张红旗,等.疏勒河流域土地利用变化驱动因素分析--以安西县为例[J].地理科学进展,2003,22(3):270-278.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-6301.2003.03.006.Zhang Y S,Wang L X,Zhang H Q,et al.An analysis on land use changes and their driving factors in Shule River:An example from Anxi County[J].Progress in Geography,2003,22(3):270-278.
[16]李秀花,师庆东.基于TM影像和马尔柯夫模型的新疆精河县土地利用动态研究[J].云南大学学报:自然科学版,2011,33(4):406-411.Li X H,Shi Q D.Dynamic study on landuse based on TM images and Markov model in Jinghe County of Xinjiang[J].Journal of Yunnan University:Natural Sciences Edition,2011,33(4):406-411.
[17]陈百明,周小萍.《土地利用现状分类》国家标准的解读[J].自然资源学报,2007,22(6):994-1 003.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-3037.2007.06.017.Chen B M,Zhou X P.Explanation of current land use condition classification for national standard of the People's Republic of China[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2007,22(6):994-1 003.
[18]陈彦光,刘继生.城市土地利用结构和形态的定量描述:从信息熵到分数维[J].地理研究,2001,20(2):146-152.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-0585.2001.02.003.Chen Y G,Liu J S.An index of equilibrium of urban land-use structure and information dimension of urban form[J].Geographical Research,2001,20(2):146-152.
[19]陈彦光,刘明华.城市土地利用结构的熵值定律[J].人文地理,2001,16(4):20-24.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1003-2398.2001.04.005.Chen Y G,Liu M H.The basic laws of the Shannon Entropy values of urban land use composition[J].Human Geography,2001,16(4):20-24.
[20]杨依天,郑度,张雪芹,等.1980-2010年和田绿洲土地利用变化空间耦合及其环境效应[J].地理学报,2013,68(6):813-824.Yang Y T,Zheng D,Zhang X Q,et al.The spatial coupling of land use changes and its environmental effects on Hotan oasis during 1980-2010[J].Acta Geographical Sinica,2013,68(6):813-824.
[21]董杰,杨春德,周秀慧,等.山东省土地利用结构时空变化及其驱动机制分析[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(4):206-210.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-3409.2006.04.065.Dong J,Yang C D,Zhou X H,et al.Analysis of spatiotemporal changes and driving mechanism of land-use structure in Shandong Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(4):206-210.
[22]费兵强,韩炜,马霄华,等.2010-2015年焉耆盆地LUCC特征分析及预测[J].云南大学学报:自然科学版,2017,39(3):395-404.Fei B Q,Han W,Ma X H,et al.An analysis of LUCCcharacteristics during 2010-2015 and its simulation and prediction in Yanqi Basin,Xinjiang[J].Journal of Yunnan University:Natural Sciences Edition,2017,39(3):395-404.
[23]乔伟峰,孙在宏,邵繁荣,等.高度城市化区域土地利用结构演化与驱动因素分析--以苏州市为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2012,21(5):557-564.Qiao W F,Sun Z H,Shao F R,et al.Analysis on evolution and driving factors of land use structure in highly urbanized area-A case study of Suzhou[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangze Basin,2012,21(5):557-564.
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