毛乌素沙地樟子松固沙林土壤水分对降雨的动态响应
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摘要
为分析半干旱区毛乌素沙地樟子松固沙林土壤水分对降雨的动态响应特征,采用AV-3665R雨量计、ECH_2O-5土壤水分传感器、深层渗漏水量测试仪自动监测樟子松固沙林2013—2014年降雨、0—200 cm土壤含水量、200 cm以下渗漏量。结果表明:樟子松固沙林5—10月累积降雨均显著(p<0.01)影响0—200 cm层土壤水分变化,其中5—6月降雨对150 cm以下土层影响较小、9月后降雨对土壤水分补给作用显著;小于45.2 mm降雨对150 cm以下土层无直接补给作用;大于53.8 mm降雨对200 cm层土壤水分有补给作用,且表层初始含水量较高时,降雨入渗快、历时时间短、补给作用大。降雨量、土壤表层初始含水量对降雨后樟子松固沙林土壤水分入渗过程及特征有显著影响。
To investigate dynamic response of soil water content to rainfall in the Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica sand fixation forest of Mu Us sandy land in the semi-arid area. AV-3665 R-type rain sensor, ECH_2O-5 soil moisture sensor and logger of deep soil water leakage were used to monitor rainfall, soil water in 0—200 cm layer and leakage below 200 cm depth from May to October in 2013, 2014. The results showed that cumulative rainfall significantly(p<0.01) affected soil moisture in 0—200 cm layer, the rainfall in May and June had little effect on the soil layer below 150 cm depth and the effect of rainfall after September on soil water supply was significant; less than 45.2 mm rainfall had no direct recharge to the soil layer below 150 cm depth, more than 53.8 mm rainfall had a recharge effect on the soil moisture of the 200 cm layer, and when the initial surface water content was high, the rainfall infiltration was fast, the duration time was short, and the recharge effect was significant. Soil water infiltration process and characteristics of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica sand fixation forest were significantly affected by rainfall and initial surface soil water content.
To investigate dynamic response of soil water content to rainfall in the Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica sand fixation forest of Mu Us sandy land in the semi-arid area. AV-3665 R-type rain sensor, ECH_2O-5 soil moisture sensor and logger of deep soil water leakage were used to monitor rainfall, soil water in 0—200 cm layer and leakage below 200 cm depth from May to October in 2013, 2014. The results showed that cumulative rainfall significantly(p<0.01) affected soil moisture in 0—200 cm layer, the rainfall in May and June had little effect on the soil layer below 150 cm depth and the effect of rainfall after September on soil water supply was significant; less than 45.2 mm rainfall had no direct recharge to the soil layer below 150 cm depth, more than 53.8 mm rainfall had a recharge effect on the soil moisture of the 200 cm layer, and when the initial surface water content was high, the rainfall infiltration was fast, the duration time was short, and the recharge effect was significant. Soil water infiltration process and characteristics of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica sand fixation forest were significantly affected by rainfall and initial surface soil water content.
引文
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[2]朱教君,曾德慧,康红章,等.沙地樟子松人工林衰退机制[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2005.
[3]吴祥云,姜凤岐,李晓丹,等.樟子松人工固沙林衰退的规律和原因[J].应用生态学报,2004,15(12):2225-2228.
[4]朱教君,康宏樟,宋立宁,等.科尔沁沙地南缘樟子松人工林地下水埋深季节变化[J].生态学杂志,2009,28(6):1767-1772.
[5]焦树仁.辽宁省章古台樟子松固沙林提早衰弱的原因与防治措施[J].林业科学,2001,37(2):131-138.
[6]高崇华,李志忠,付强.毛乌素沙地引种樟子松调查报告[J].内蒙古林业科技,1996(1):29-32.
[7]樊晓英,廖超英,谢燕,等.毛乌素沙地东南部樟子松生长状况调查分析[J].西北林学院学报,2008,23(4):112-116.
[8]王怀彪,潘鹏,高保山.毛乌素沙地樟子松抗旱造林关键技术研究[J].西北林学院学报,2009,24(6):70-73.
[9]张雷,洪光宇,李卓凡,等.基于层次分析法的毛乌素沙地3种造林模式恢复成效评价[J].林业资源管理,2017(6):108-112.
[10]格日勒,斯琴毕力格,金荣,等.毛乌素沙地引种樟子松生长特性的研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2004,18(5):159-163.
[11]张友焱.毛乌素沙地几种树种水分生理特性研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2006.
[12]丁晓纲,何茜,李吉跃,等.毛乌素沙地樟子松和油松人工林光合生理特性[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(1):215-219.
[13]樊文会.毛乌素沙地三典型造林树种蒸腾耗水特性研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2012.
[14]马成忠,邓继峰,丁国栋,等.不同初植密度樟子松人工林对毛乌素沙地南缘土壤粒度特征的影响[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(1):230-235.
[15]段民福.毛乌素沙地榆林沙区樟子松人工林土壤理化性质时空变异规律研究[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2012.
[16]徐松,廖超英,多杰吉,等.毛乌素沙地樟子松人工林不同坡向的碳储量及空间分布研究[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(6):14-18.
[17]杨文斌,党宏忠.土壤深层水量渗漏测试记录仪[P].ZL201110252184.7,2011.
[18]吴永胜,哈斯,乌格特莱勒.毛乌素沙地南缘沙丘表面径流特征[J].科学通报,2011,56(34):2917-2922.