电火花震源在平原水域区地震采集中的应用及效果分析
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摘要
胜利油田东部陆上探区地表以平原为主,区内多分布有大型的饮用水水库.水库内的地震勘探工作受制于激发问题没有得到很好的解决,造成了资料缺失.近两年来,在水库中引入大功率电火花震源进行激发,电火花震源的激发效果受发射能量和放电电极沉入水中深度等因素影响,本文分析对比了电火花震源不同发射能量和电极沉水深度的试验单炮,结果表明:资料品质随着输出能量的增加而变好;在电极沉入水中2 m时激发效果最好,从而确定了电火花震源在水域中激发的最佳因素.通过激发后得到的叠加剖面分析,地震资料的品质较高,有效的弥补了水库中资料的缺失,取得了较好的效果.
In the eastern part of Shengli Oilfield, the surface of the exploration area is dominated by the plain, and there are lots of large reservoirs. The lack of the datum in the reservoirs has not been resolved because of the problem of the source. In recent years, we have used the high-power sparker in the reservoirs and the effects of the sparker are influenced by the energy of the excitation and the depth of the electrode. This paper analyses and compares the test records of the different energies of the excitation and the depths of the electrode. The results indicate that the quality of the datum gets better with the increase of the output energy, and the best depth of the electrode in the water is two meters. Based on the conclusions we get the optimal factors of the excitation. By the analysis of the stack sections we can find that the high quality of the datum makes up the missing datum of the reservoirs and gain the preferable results.
In the eastern part of Shengli Oilfield, the surface of the exploration area is dominated by the plain, and there are lots of large reservoirs. The lack of the datum in the reservoirs has not been resolved because of the problem of the source. In recent years, we have used the high-power sparker in the reservoirs and the effects of the sparker are influenced by the energy of the excitation and the depth of the electrode. This paper analyses and compares the test records of the different energies of the excitation and the depths of the electrode. The results indicate that the quality of the datum gets better with the increase of the output energy, and the best depth of the electrode in the water is two meters. Based on the conclusions we get the optimal factors of the excitation. By the analysis of the stack sections we can find that the high quality of the datum makes up the missing datum of the reservoirs and gain the preferable results.
引文
Chen J D, Yu W G,Lu S. 2013. Performance analysis about high-power sparker source [J].EGP. (in Chinese), 23(3): 165-168.
Ji Y J, Lin J, Guan S S, et al. 2010. Theoretical study of concentric loop coils attitude correction in helicopter borne-TEM [J]. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese). 53(1): 171-176, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2010.01.019.
Lin J M, Wang B S, Ge H K, et al.2008. Study on large volume airgun source characteristics and seismic phase analysis [J]. Chinese J. Geophys (in Chinese), 51(1): 206-212.
Luo G C, Wang B S, Ge H K, et al. 2006. Progress in earth's deep structures exploration by air gun source [J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 21(2): 400-407.
Pan L F, Shang Y J, Zhang X. 2009. Technological transformation of energy transfer and release system of the sparker [J]. P. I. (in Chinese), 23(2): 34-38.
Pei Y L, Wang W G, Lu C A, et al. 2007. Sparker charging system technology research [J]. Ocean Technology (in Chinese), 26(3): 73-76.
Qin Z Y, Bao M R, Zhang Y H, et al. 1983. Preliminary analysis of land sparker test [J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum (in Chinese), 22(3): 100-107.
Tong X Q, Lin J, Jiang T, et al. 2012. Summary of development of land vibrator [J]. Progress in Geophys. (in Chinese). 27(5): 1912-1921,doi: 10.6038/j.issn.1004-2903.2012.05.011.
Yu W G, Chen J D, Lu S, et al. 2012. Development and application high power ZDF-3 electric soarksouce[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology (in Chinese), 20(suppl.): 45-49.
Zhao M H, Qiu X L, Xia S H, et al. 2008. Large volume airgun sources and its seismic waveform Characters [J]. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese), 51(2): 558-565.
Zuo G N. 1981. The electrode structure of marine electric spark [J]. Oil Geophysical Prospecting (in Chinese), 16(4): 56-62.
Zuo G N. 1983. The effects of land sparker array and vertical stacking[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),18(4):331-338, 351.
Zuo G N. 2003. The Properties and Application of The Land Electric Spark Source [J]. Site Investigation Science and Technology (in Chinese), 1(1): 55-60.
Zhu K G, Lin J, Han Y H, et al. 2010. Research on conductivity depth imaging of time domain helicopter borne electromagnetic data based on neural network [J]. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese), 53(3): 743-750, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2010.03.030.
陈俊栋, 于维刚, 卢松. 等. 2013. ZDF-3型大功率电火花震源及其性能分析[J]. 物探装备, 23(3): 165-168.
嵇艳鞠, 林君, 关珊珊, 等. 2010. 直升机航空TEM中心回线线圈姿态校正的理论研究[J]. 地球物理学报, 53(1): 171-176, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2010.01.019.
林建民, 王宝善, 葛洪魁, 等. 2008. 大容量气枪震源特征及地震波传播的震相分析[J]. 地球物理学报, 51(1): 206-212.
罗桂纯, 王宝善, 葛洪魁, 等. 2006. 气枪震源在地球深部结构探测中的应用研究进展[J]. 地球物理学进展, 21(2): 400-407.
潘林峰, 尚应军, 张旭. 2009. 电火花震源能量传输和释放系统的技术改造与应用[J]. 石油仪器, 23(2): 34-38.
裴彦良, 王揆洋, 刘晨光. 等. 2007. 电火花震源系统充电技术研究[J]. 海洋技术, 26(3): 73-76.
秦增衍, 鲍敏儒, 张雨和, 等. 1983. 陆地电火花震源试验初步分析[J]. 石油物探, 22(3): 100-107.
佟训乾, 林君, 姜弢, 等.2012. 陆地可控震源发展综述[J]. 地球物理学进展, 27(5): 1912-1921,doi: 10.6038/j.issn.1004-2903.2012.05.011.
于维刚, 陈俊栋, 卢松. 等. 2012. 大功率ZDF-3型电火花震源研制及应用[J]. 工程地质学报, 20(增刊): 45-49.
赵明辉, 丘学林, 夏少红, 等.2008. 大容量气枪震源及其波形特征[J]. 地球物理学报, 51(2): 558-565.
左公宁. 1981. 海洋电火花震源的电极结构[J]. 石油地球物理勘探, 16(4): 56-62.
左公宁. 1983. 陆地电火花震源的组合和垂直叠加效果[J]. 石油地球物理勘探, 18(4): 331-338, 351.
左公宁. 2003. 陆地电火花震源的特性及其应用[J]. 勘察科学技术, 1(1): 55-60.
朱凯光, 林君, 韩悦慧, 等. 2010. 基于神经网络的时间域直升机电磁数据电导率深度成像[J]. 地球物理学报, 53(3): 743-750, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2010.03.030.
Ji Y J, Lin J, Guan S S, et al. 2010. Theoretical study of concentric loop coils attitude correction in helicopter borne-TEM [J]. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese). 53(1): 171-176, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2010.01.019.
Lin J M, Wang B S, Ge H K, et al.2008. Study on large volume airgun source characteristics and seismic phase analysis [J]. Chinese J. Geophys (in Chinese), 51(1): 206-212.
Luo G C, Wang B S, Ge H K, et al. 2006. Progress in earth's deep structures exploration by air gun source [J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 21(2): 400-407.
Pan L F, Shang Y J, Zhang X. 2009. Technological transformation of energy transfer and release system of the sparker [J]. P. I. (in Chinese), 23(2): 34-38.
Pei Y L, Wang W G, Lu C A, et al. 2007. Sparker charging system technology research [J]. Ocean Technology (in Chinese), 26(3): 73-76.
Qin Z Y, Bao M R, Zhang Y H, et al. 1983. Preliminary analysis of land sparker test [J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum (in Chinese), 22(3): 100-107.
Tong X Q, Lin J, Jiang T, et al. 2012. Summary of development of land vibrator [J]. Progress in Geophys. (in Chinese). 27(5): 1912-1921,doi: 10.6038/j.issn.1004-2903.2012.05.011.
Yu W G, Chen J D, Lu S, et al. 2012. Development and application high power ZDF-3 electric soarksouce[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology (in Chinese), 20(suppl.): 45-49.
Zhao M H, Qiu X L, Xia S H, et al. 2008. Large volume airgun sources and its seismic waveform Characters [J]. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese), 51(2): 558-565.
Zuo G N. 1981. The electrode structure of marine electric spark [J]. Oil Geophysical Prospecting (in Chinese), 16(4): 56-62.
Zuo G N. 1983. The effects of land sparker array and vertical stacking[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),18(4):331-338, 351.
Zuo G N. 2003. The Properties and Application of The Land Electric Spark Source [J]. Site Investigation Science and Technology (in Chinese), 1(1): 55-60.
Zhu K G, Lin J, Han Y H, et al. 2010. Research on conductivity depth imaging of time domain helicopter borne electromagnetic data based on neural network [J]. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese), 53(3): 743-750, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2010.03.030.
陈俊栋, 于维刚, 卢松. 等. 2013. ZDF-3型大功率电火花震源及其性能分析[J]. 物探装备, 23(3): 165-168.
嵇艳鞠, 林君, 关珊珊, 等. 2010. 直升机航空TEM中心回线线圈姿态校正的理论研究[J]. 地球物理学报, 53(1): 171-176, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2010.01.019.
林建民, 王宝善, 葛洪魁, 等. 2008. 大容量气枪震源特征及地震波传播的震相分析[J]. 地球物理学报, 51(1): 206-212.
罗桂纯, 王宝善, 葛洪魁, 等. 2006. 气枪震源在地球深部结构探测中的应用研究进展[J]. 地球物理学进展, 21(2): 400-407.
潘林峰, 尚应军, 张旭. 2009. 电火花震源能量传输和释放系统的技术改造与应用[J]. 石油仪器, 23(2): 34-38.
裴彦良, 王揆洋, 刘晨光. 等. 2007. 电火花震源系统充电技术研究[J]. 海洋技术, 26(3): 73-76.
秦增衍, 鲍敏儒, 张雨和, 等. 1983. 陆地电火花震源试验初步分析[J]. 石油物探, 22(3): 100-107.
佟训乾, 林君, 姜弢, 等.2012. 陆地可控震源发展综述[J]. 地球物理学进展, 27(5): 1912-1921,doi: 10.6038/j.issn.1004-2903.2012.05.011.
于维刚, 陈俊栋, 卢松. 等. 2012. 大功率ZDF-3型电火花震源研制及应用[J]. 工程地质学报, 20(增刊): 45-49.
赵明辉, 丘学林, 夏少红, 等.2008. 大容量气枪震源及其波形特征[J]. 地球物理学报, 51(2): 558-565.
左公宁. 1981. 海洋电火花震源的电极结构[J]. 石油地球物理勘探, 16(4): 56-62.
左公宁. 1983. 陆地电火花震源的组合和垂直叠加效果[J]. 石油地球物理勘探, 18(4): 331-338, 351.
左公宁. 2003. 陆地电火花震源的特性及其应用[J]. 勘察科学技术, 1(1): 55-60.
朱凯光, 林君, 韩悦慧, 等. 2010. 基于神经网络的时间域直升机电磁数据电导率深度成像[J]. 地球物理学报, 53(3): 743-750, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2010.03.030.
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