基于特征分区的人口数据格网化研究
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摘要
针对人口数据格网化分析不足的问题,可借助夜间灯光信息、地形信息、土地利用信息进行特征分区,在不同分区范围采用不同的方式构建人口空间格网化模型,反映人口在格网上的分布状态,提供了良好的小尺度统计人口方法。本文以四川省县区作为研究区域,对其进行特征分区,分为中心区(强灯光区)、一般灯光区和弱灯光区,分别采用圈层距离法、改进的夜间灯光建模法与土地利用建模法分析,并利用小一级的单位进行精度分析,研究表明:在灯光强度差距较大的一般灯光区,采用夜间灯光数据可以较好地模拟人口格网化数据,结果精度较高;在灯光强度差距较小的弱灯光区,土地利用模型可以有效地模拟人口空间分布;但灯光强度几乎饱和的中心区,采用圈层距离法,存在较大误差。
According to the fact that there is no enough grid analysis methods on the study of population distribution,this paper with the help of night light information,topographic information,land information applied feature partitioning to construct the space grid model in different zones in different ways,reflect the distribution of the population on the grid,provides a good method for population statistics. This paper takes Sichuan province County as the study region to part features which is divided into the central region( Strong light region),general lighting region and weak light region,using circle distance method,night light modeling method,land-use modeling method to analysis. Then,we calculate error to compare precision. Research shows that: the light intensity gap between the general lighting area,the use of night light data can be better simulated population grid data,the accuracy of the land-use model can effectively simulate the spatial distribution of population in the weak light region where the intensity of light intensity is small,but the central region of the light intensity is almost saturated,and there is a big error in the circle distance method.
According to the fact that there is no enough grid analysis methods on the study of population distribution,this paper with the help of night light information,topographic information,land information applied feature partitioning to construct the space grid model in different zones in different ways,reflect the distribution of the population on the grid,provides a good method for population statistics. This paper takes Sichuan province County as the study region to part features which is divided into the central region( Strong light region),general lighting region and weak light region,using circle distance method,night light modeling method,land-use modeling method to analysis. Then,we calculate error to compare precision. Research shows that: the light intensity gap between the general lighting area,the use of night light data can be better simulated population grid data,the accuracy of the land-use model can effectively simulate the spatial distribution of population in the weak light region where the intensity of light intensity is small,but the central region of the light intensity is almost saturated,and there is a big error in the circle distance method.
引文
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[2]Stewart J Q,Warntz W.Pyhsics of population distribution[J].Journal of Regional Secience,1958,1(2):99-123.
[3]Marja Tammilehto-Luode and Lars Backer.Grid data and area delimitation by definition towards a better European territorial statistical system[J].Statistical journal of the United Nations ECE,2000,54(17):109-117.
[4]Yang X,Y Huang,P Dong,et al.An updating system for the gridded population database of China based on remote sensing,GIS and spatial database technologies[J].Sensors,2009,9(2):1128-1140.
[5]张超,万庆,张继权,等.基于格网数据的洪水灾害风险评估方法——以日本新川洪灾为例[J].地球信息科学学报,2003,8(4):69-73.
[6]董春,张清浦,张家庆,等.地理因子库的建立及应用探讨[J].遥感信息,2000,15(1):12-16.
[7]朱翠霞,陈阿林,刘琳.基于GIS的区域人口统计数据空间化——以重庆都市区为例[J].重庆师范大学学报:自然科学版,2013,30(5):50-55.
[8]王汶,孙克峰.基于Arc GIS Engine的人口数据格网化实现[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(29):16 524-16 526.
[9]廖顺宝,孙九林.基于GIS的青藏高原人口统计数据空间化[J].地理学报,2003,58(1):25-33.
[10]叶靖,杨小唤,江东.乡镇级人口统计数据空间化的格网尺度效应分析——以义乌市为例[J].地球信息科学学报,2010,12(1):40-47.
[11]卓莉,陈晋,史培军,等.基于夜间灯光数据的中国人口密度模拟[J].地理学报,2005,20(2):266-276.
[12]廖顺宝,李泽辉.基于人口分布与土地利用关系的人口数据空间化研究[J].自然资源学报,2003,18(6):659-665.
[13]田永中,陈述彭,岳天祥,等.基于土地利用的中国人口密度模拟[J].地理学报,2004,59(2):283-292.
[14]金君,李成名,林宗坚.人口遥感估算方法研究[J].测绘通报,2002(3):13-15.
[15]柏中强,王卷乐,杨雅萍,等.基于乡镇尺度的中国25省区人口分布特征及影响因素[J].地理学报,2015,70(8):1 229-1 242.
[16]高义,王辉,王培涛,等.基于人口普查与多源夜间灯光数据的海岸带人口空间化分析[J].资源科学,2013,35(12):2 517-2 523.
[17]梁友嘉,徐中民.基于LUCC和夜间灯光辐射数据的张掖市甘州区人口空间分布建模[J].冰川冻土,2012,34(4):999-1 006.