北京奥林匹克森林公园地表反照率动态及其影响因素
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摘要
地表反照率是地表能量和水文循环的关键要素。本研究基于2013—2015年对北京奥林匹克森林公园城市绿地生态系统气象要素的连续观测,探讨城市绿地生态系统地表反照率的动态及其影响因素。结果表明:地表反照率日变化为08:30—12:00逐渐减小,12:00—17:00比较接近,早晨与下午的反照率差异为0.03,地表反照率日变化不对称的主要因素是早晨植物叶片表面的露水;地表反照率的季节变化特征为冬季(0.15)>春季(0.13)>秋季(0.12)>夏季(0.11),在生长期内,地表反照率受空气温度和土壤含水量的共同影响;在展叶期,地表反照率主要受空气温度的影响,与空气温度呈线性负相关,而与土壤含水量没有相关性;在完全展叶期和落叶期,地表反照率受空气温度和土壤含水量共同的影响,与空气温度和土壤含水量均呈负指数相关,但当空气温度大于24.0℃时,空气温度对其无影响。
Surface albedo is a key factor of surface energy and hydrological cycles. Based on continuous monitoring of meteorological factors in an urban greenland in the Beijing Olympic Forest Park from 2013 to 2015,we explored the dynamics of surface albedo and its controlling factors.The diurnal variation in surface albedo gradually decreased from 08: 30 am to 12: 00 pm,and then remained relatively constant to 17: 00 pm. Surface albedo in the morning was 0. 03 higher than that in the afternoon. The asymmetry of daily surface albedo was due to the formation of dew on leaf surface in the morning. Surface albedo was the highest in winter( 0. 15) and lowest in summer( 0.11). Surface albedo in spring and autumn was 0.13 and 0.12,respectively. During the growing season,surface albedo was affected by temperature and soil water content. During leaf expanding period,surface albedo was mainly affected by air temperature but not by soil water content,showing a negative linear relationship with air temperature. During expanding leaf and deciduous periods,surface albedo was affected by both air temperature and soil water content,showing a negative exponential relationship with air temperature and soil water content. However,surface albedo was decoupled with air temperature when it was greater than 24.0 ℃.
Surface albedo is a key factor of surface energy and hydrological cycles. Based on continuous monitoring of meteorological factors in an urban greenland in the Beijing Olympic Forest Park from 2013 to 2015,we explored the dynamics of surface albedo and its controlling factors.The diurnal variation in surface albedo gradually decreased from 08: 30 am to 12: 00 pm,and then remained relatively constant to 17: 00 pm. Surface albedo in the morning was 0. 03 higher than that in the afternoon. The asymmetry of daily surface albedo was due to the formation of dew on leaf surface in the morning. Surface albedo was the highest in winter( 0. 15) and lowest in summer( 0.11). Surface albedo in spring and autumn was 0.13 and 0.12,respectively. During the growing season,surface albedo was affected by temperature and soil water content. During leaf expanding period,surface albedo was mainly affected by air temperature but not by soil water content,showing a negative linear relationship with air temperature. During expanding leaf and deciduous periods,surface albedo was affected by both air temperature and soil water content,showing a negative exponential relationship with air temperature and soil water content. However,surface albedo was decoupled with air temperature when it was greater than 24.0 ℃.
引文
蔡福,祝青林,何洪林,等.2005.中国月平均地表反照率的估算及其时空分布.资源科学,27(1):114-121.
曾新民,张强.2009.陆面参数的扰动对一次西北暴雨模拟影响的研究.气象科学,29(3):291-298.
陈爱军,曹晓云,韩琛惠,等.2018.2000-2016年青藏高原地表反照率时空分布及动态变化.气候与环境研究,23(3):355-365.
傅抱璞,翁笃鸣,虞静明,等.1994.小气候学.北京:气象出版社:7-10.
管延龙,王让会,姚建,等.2015.气候变化背景下天山区域地表反照率特征分析.干旱区地理,38(2):351-358.
侯英雨,张佳华,延昊,等.2010.利用卫星遥感资料估算区域尺度空气温度.气象,36(4):75-79.
金莉莉,李振杰,买买提艾力·买买提依明,等.2014.塔克拉玛干沙漠北缘地表反照率特征及参数化研究.资源科学,36(5):1051-1061.
刘成林,樊任华,武建军,等.2009.锡林郭勒草原植被生长对降水响应的滞后性研究.干旱区地理,32(4):512-518.
刘辉志,涂钢,董文杰.2008.半干旱区不同下垫面地表反照率变化特征.科学通报,53(10):1220-1227.
刘彦卓,黄农荣,黄秋妹,等.2000.晚季不同类型高产水稻品种光合速率和叶绿素含量变化研究初报.广东农业科学,(1):2-4.
陆莎,左洪超,苗文辉,等.2018.干旱区地膜覆盖玉米农田地表反照率动态参数化方法及其模拟效果分析.干旱区研究,35(2):461-470.
毛飞,孙涵,张艳红,等.2008.近20年藏北草地地表参数动态变化研究.农业工程学报,24(4):166-171.
邵全琴,赵志平,刘纪远,等.2010.近30年来三江源地区土地覆被与宏观生态变化特征.地理研究,29(8):1439-1451.
石福孙,吴宁,吴彦,等.2009.模拟增温对川西北高寒草甸两种典型植物生长和光合特征的影响.应用与环境生物学报,15(6):750-755.
王胜,张强,张鸿.2008.稀疏植被地表反照率及土壤热传导率特征研究.中国沙漠,28(1):119-124.
王萌萌,张弥,王辉民,等.2015.太阳辐射变化对千烟洲亚热带人工针叶林净CO2交换量的影响.生态学杂志,34(2):303-311.
文丽娟,吕世华,陈世强,等.2009.干旱区绿洲地表反照率的不对称观测研究.太阳能学报,30(7):953-956.
徐勇峰,季淮,韩建刚,等.2018.洪泽湖湿地杨树林生长季碳通量变化特征及其影响因子.生态学杂志,37(2):322-331.
杨清华,刘骥平,孙启振,等.2013.2010年春季南极固定冰反照率变化特征及其影响因子.地球物理学报,56(7):2177-2184.
杨永龙,倾继祖,钱莉,等.2012.石羊河流域中部太阳辐射变化的特征分析.干旱区研究,29(6):934-940.
张果,周广胜,阳伏林.2010.内蒙古荒漠草原地表反照率变化特征.生态学报,30(24):6943-6951.
郑秋萍,刘红年,陈燕.2009.城市化发展与气象环境影响的观测与分析研究.气象科学,29(2):214-219.
Charney JG.2010.Dynamics of deserts and drought in the Sahel.Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society,101:193-202.
Grant IF,Prata AJ,Cechet RP.1980.The impact of the diurnal variation of albedo on the remote sensing of the daily mean albedo of grassland.Journal of Applied Meteorology,39:231-244.
Green DM,Olesyszyn M.2002.Enzyme activities and carbon dioxide flux in a Sonoran Desert urban ecosystem.Soil Science Society of America Journal,66:2002-2008.
Huemmrich KF,Black TA,Jarvis PG,et al.2011.High temporal resolution NDVI phenology from micrometeorological radiation sensors.Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres,104:27935-27944.
Idso SB,Hatfield JL,Reginato RJ,et al.1978.Wheat yield estimation by albedo measurements.Remote Sensing of Environment,7:273-276.
Idso SB,Jackson RD,Reginato RJ,et al.1975.The dependence of bare soil albedo on soil water content.Journal of Applied Meteorology,14:109-113.
Minnis P,Mayor S,Smith WL,et al.1996.Asymmetry in the diurnal variation of surface albedo.IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,4:879-890.
Oguntunde PG,Giesen NVD.2004.Crop growth and development effects on surface albedo for maize and cowpea fields in Ghana,West Africa.International Journal of Biometeorology,49:106-112.
Shen WJ,Wu JG,Grimm NB,et al.2008.Effects of urbanization-induced environmental changes on ecosystem functioning in the Phoenix metropolitan region,USA.Ecosystems,11:138-155.
Song J.1998.Diurnal asymmetry in surface albedo.Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,92:181-189.
Song J.1999.Phenological influences on the albedo of prairie grassland and crop fields.International Journal of Biometeorology,42:153-157.
Tsvetsinskaya EA,Schaaf CB,Gao F,et al.2002.Relating MODIS derived surface albedo to soils and rock types over Northern Africa and the Arabian peninsula.Geophysical Research Letters,29:67-1-67-4.
Wang S,Grant RF,Verseghy DL,et al.2001.Modelling plant carbon and nitrogen dynamics of a boreal aspen forest in CLASS:The Canadian Land Surface Scheme.Ecological Modelling,142:135-154.
Wang S.2005.Dynamics of surface albedo of a boreal forest and its simulation.Ecological Modelling,183:477-494.
Wang SS,Davidson A.2007.Impact of climate variations on surface albedo of a temperate grassland.Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,142:133-142.
Wilson TB,Meyers TP.2007.Determining vegetation indices from solar and photosynthetically active radiation fluxes.Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,144:160-179.
Zhang YF,Wang XP,Hu R,et al.2014.Variation of albedo to soil moisture for sand dunes and biological soil crusts in arid desert ecosystems.Environmental Earth Sciences,71:1281-1288.
Zhang YF,Wang XP,Pan YX.2013.Diurnal and seasonal variations of surface albedo in a spring wheat field of arid lands of Northwestern China.International Journal of Biometeorology,57:67-73.
Zhao DH,Ouyang Y,Qi JG,et al.2009.Near-surface atmospheric properties along an urban center-suburban-urban forest gradient in summer in Nanjing City.Acta Ecologica Sinica,29:6654-6663.
曾新民,张强.2009.陆面参数的扰动对一次西北暴雨模拟影响的研究.气象科学,29(3):291-298.
陈爱军,曹晓云,韩琛惠,等.2018.2000-2016年青藏高原地表反照率时空分布及动态变化.气候与环境研究,23(3):355-365.
傅抱璞,翁笃鸣,虞静明,等.1994.小气候学.北京:气象出版社:7-10.
管延龙,王让会,姚建,等.2015.气候变化背景下天山区域地表反照率特征分析.干旱区地理,38(2):351-358.
侯英雨,张佳华,延昊,等.2010.利用卫星遥感资料估算区域尺度空气温度.气象,36(4):75-79.
金莉莉,李振杰,买买提艾力·买买提依明,等.2014.塔克拉玛干沙漠北缘地表反照率特征及参数化研究.资源科学,36(5):1051-1061.
刘成林,樊任华,武建军,等.2009.锡林郭勒草原植被生长对降水响应的滞后性研究.干旱区地理,32(4):512-518.
刘辉志,涂钢,董文杰.2008.半干旱区不同下垫面地表反照率变化特征.科学通报,53(10):1220-1227.
刘彦卓,黄农荣,黄秋妹,等.2000.晚季不同类型高产水稻品种光合速率和叶绿素含量变化研究初报.广东农业科学,(1):2-4.
陆莎,左洪超,苗文辉,等.2018.干旱区地膜覆盖玉米农田地表反照率动态参数化方法及其模拟效果分析.干旱区研究,35(2):461-470.
毛飞,孙涵,张艳红,等.2008.近20年藏北草地地表参数动态变化研究.农业工程学报,24(4):166-171.
邵全琴,赵志平,刘纪远,等.2010.近30年来三江源地区土地覆被与宏观生态变化特征.地理研究,29(8):1439-1451.
石福孙,吴宁,吴彦,等.2009.模拟增温对川西北高寒草甸两种典型植物生长和光合特征的影响.应用与环境生物学报,15(6):750-755.
王胜,张强,张鸿.2008.稀疏植被地表反照率及土壤热传导率特征研究.中国沙漠,28(1):119-124.
王萌萌,张弥,王辉民,等.2015.太阳辐射变化对千烟洲亚热带人工针叶林净CO2交换量的影响.生态学杂志,34(2):303-311.
文丽娟,吕世华,陈世强,等.2009.干旱区绿洲地表反照率的不对称观测研究.太阳能学报,30(7):953-956.
徐勇峰,季淮,韩建刚,等.2018.洪泽湖湿地杨树林生长季碳通量变化特征及其影响因子.生态学杂志,37(2):322-331.
杨清华,刘骥平,孙启振,等.2013.2010年春季南极固定冰反照率变化特征及其影响因子.地球物理学报,56(7):2177-2184.
杨永龙,倾继祖,钱莉,等.2012.石羊河流域中部太阳辐射变化的特征分析.干旱区研究,29(6):934-940.
张果,周广胜,阳伏林.2010.内蒙古荒漠草原地表反照率变化特征.生态学报,30(24):6943-6951.
郑秋萍,刘红年,陈燕.2009.城市化发展与气象环境影响的观测与分析研究.气象科学,29(2):214-219.
Charney JG.2010.Dynamics of deserts and drought in the Sahel.Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society,101:193-202.
Grant IF,Prata AJ,Cechet RP.1980.The impact of the diurnal variation of albedo on the remote sensing of the daily mean albedo of grassland.Journal of Applied Meteorology,39:231-244.
Green DM,Olesyszyn M.2002.Enzyme activities and carbon dioxide flux in a Sonoran Desert urban ecosystem.Soil Science Society of America Journal,66:2002-2008.
Huemmrich KF,Black TA,Jarvis PG,et al.2011.High temporal resolution NDVI phenology from micrometeorological radiation sensors.Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres,104:27935-27944.
Idso SB,Hatfield JL,Reginato RJ,et al.1978.Wheat yield estimation by albedo measurements.Remote Sensing of Environment,7:273-276.
Idso SB,Jackson RD,Reginato RJ,et al.1975.The dependence of bare soil albedo on soil water content.Journal of Applied Meteorology,14:109-113.
Minnis P,Mayor S,Smith WL,et al.1996.Asymmetry in the diurnal variation of surface albedo.IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,4:879-890.
Oguntunde PG,Giesen NVD.2004.Crop growth and development effects on surface albedo for maize and cowpea fields in Ghana,West Africa.International Journal of Biometeorology,49:106-112.
Shen WJ,Wu JG,Grimm NB,et al.2008.Effects of urbanization-induced environmental changes on ecosystem functioning in the Phoenix metropolitan region,USA.Ecosystems,11:138-155.
Song J.1998.Diurnal asymmetry in surface albedo.Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,92:181-189.
Song J.1999.Phenological influences on the albedo of prairie grassland and crop fields.International Journal of Biometeorology,42:153-157.
Tsvetsinskaya EA,Schaaf CB,Gao F,et al.2002.Relating MODIS derived surface albedo to soils and rock types over Northern Africa and the Arabian peninsula.Geophysical Research Letters,29:67-1-67-4.
Wang S,Grant RF,Verseghy DL,et al.2001.Modelling plant carbon and nitrogen dynamics of a boreal aspen forest in CLASS:The Canadian Land Surface Scheme.Ecological Modelling,142:135-154.
Wang S.2005.Dynamics of surface albedo of a boreal forest and its simulation.Ecological Modelling,183:477-494.
Wang SS,Davidson A.2007.Impact of climate variations on surface albedo of a temperate grassland.Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,142:133-142.
Wilson TB,Meyers TP.2007.Determining vegetation indices from solar and photosynthetically active radiation fluxes.Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,144:160-179.
Zhang YF,Wang XP,Hu R,et al.2014.Variation of albedo to soil moisture for sand dunes and biological soil crusts in arid desert ecosystems.Environmental Earth Sciences,71:1281-1288.
Zhang YF,Wang XP,Pan YX.2013.Diurnal and seasonal variations of surface albedo in a spring wheat field of arid lands of Northwestern China.International Journal of Biometeorology,57:67-73.
Zhao DH,Ouyang Y,Qi JG,et al.2009.Near-surface atmospheric properties along an urban center-suburban-urban forest gradient in summer in Nanjing City.Acta Ecologica Sinica,29:6654-6663.
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