地层水矿化度对补偿中子测井影响的自动校正方法研究
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摘要
在以往补偿中子测井的蒙特卡罗模拟研究中,地层水矿化度多设置为0,但实际上地层水矿化度变化会对补偿中子测井造成影响。对此文中利用蒙特卡罗方法模拟研究了地层水矿化度对补偿中子测井的影响并提出其校正方法。先后模拟计算了不同孔隙度条件下,矿化度与计数率、计数比的关系以及矿化度对计数比与孔隙度的关系和孔隙度灵敏度的影响。结果表明,在相同孔隙度条件下,探测器计数率随矿化度增加而降低,远探测器计数率降低速率大于近探测器;近远计数比随矿化度增加呈二次函数线性增加;基于大量模拟数据,建立了适用于不同地层水矿化度条件下孔隙度与矿化度的双变量函数关系式,消除了地层水矿化度对补偿中子测井的影响。此外,孔隙度灵敏度在中、低孔隙度地层受矿化度影响明显。文中建立的孔隙度与矿化度的双变量函数关系式,完成了地层水矿化度效应的自动校正,简化了与地层水矿化度效应相关的后续校正工作,避免了复杂的仪器重新刻度,为准确评价储层孔隙度提供了理论依据。
In the previous Monte Carlo numerical simulation of compensated neutron logging,formation water salinity was mostly set at0,but in fact,the alteration of formation water salinity would affect compensated neutron logging. In this paper,Monte Carlo method was used to simulate the influence of formation water salinity on compensated neutron logging,and its correction method was proposed.The relationship between salinity and counting rate,salinity and counting ratio,and the effect of salinity on the relationship between counting ratio and porosity and porosity sensitivity under different porosity conditions were simulated successively. According to the calculated results,under the same porosity condition,the counting rate decreases with the increase of salinity,and the counting rate of far detector decreases faster than that of near detector; the near-far counting ratio increases linearly with the increase of salinity as a quadratic function; based on a large number of simulation data,a bivariate function relationship between porosity and salinity is established for different formation water salinity conditions,which eliminates the influence of formation water salinity on compensated neutron logging. In addition,the sensitivity of porosity is obviously affected by salinity in medium and low porosity formations. The bivariate function relation between porosity and salinity established in this paper has completed the automatic correction of salinity effect,simplified the subsequent correction work related to formation water salinity effect,avoided complex instrument re-calibration,and provided a theoretical basis for accurate evaluation of reservoir porosity.
In the previous Monte Carlo numerical simulation of compensated neutron logging,formation water salinity was mostly set at0,but in fact,the alteration of formation water salinity would affect compensated neutron logging. In this paper,Monte Carlo method was used to simulate the influence of formation water salinity on compensated neutron logging,and its correction method was proposed.The relationship between salinity and counting rate,salinity and counting ratio,and the effect of salinity on the relationship between counting ratio and porosity and porosity sensitivity under different porosity conditions were simulated successively. According to the calculated results,under the same porosity condition,the counting rate decreases with the increase of salinity,and the counting rate of far detector decreases faster than that of near detector; the near-far counting ratio increases linearly with the increase of salinity as a quadratic function; based on a large number of simulation data,a bivariate function relationship between porosity and salinity is established for different formation water salinity conditions,which eliminates the influence of formation water salinity on compensated neutron logging. In addition,the sensitivity of porosity is obviously affected by salinity in medium and low porosity formations. The bivariate function relation between porosity and salinity established in this paper has completed the automatic correction of salinity effect,simplified the subsequent correction work related to formation water salinity effect,avoided complex instrument re-calibration,and provided a theoretical basis for accurate evaluation of reservoir porosity.
引文
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[16]朱丽华,黄晓川,刘英.国外充气钻井液钻井技术[J].钻采工艺,2006,29(5):9-12.Zhu L H,Huang X C,Liu Y.Foreign inflatable drilling fluid drilling technology[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2006,29(5):9-12.
[17]Flaum C.Dual Detector Neutron Logging in Air-filled Boreholes[C]∥The SPWLA 30th Annual Logging Symposium,Calgary,Alberta,1989:27-30,.
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[19]Briesmeister J F.MCNP-A general monte carlo N-Particle transport code[C]//Los Alamos National Laboratory:Report LA-13709-M,2000.
[20]付勇路,李鹏举,李勇勇,等.地层温度对补偿中子测井影响的自动校正方法研究[J/OL].地球物理学进展,2018.Fu Y L,Li P J,Li Y Y,et al.Study on Automatic Correction Method of Formation-Temperature Influence on Compensated Neutron Logging[J/OL].Progress in Geophysics,2018.
[21]付勇路,李鹏举,李勇勇,等.高温地层对中子孔隙度测井的影响[J].测井技术,2018,42(5):525-529.Fu Y L,Li P J,Li Y Y,et al.Influence of high-temperature formation on neutron porosity logging[J].Well Logging Technology,2018,42(5):525-529.
[22]吴文圣,黄隆基.三探测器密度测井的Monte Carlo模拟[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(1):164-170.Wu W S,Huang L J.Monte Carlo simulation of three-detector density logging[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2004,47(1):164-170.
[23]Aitken J D,Holenka J M,Torbett D E,et al.Operational and environmental safety with nuclear LWD tools,SPE27226[R].Jakarta,Indonesia:Society of Petroleum Engineers,2005.
[24]Labat C P,Doghmi M,Tomlinson J C.Image-dip calculation using new-generation LWD density-porosity tools,SPE74270[R].Villahermosa,Mexico:Society of Petroleum Engineers,2002.
[25]吴赫,张锋,李亚芬,等.Am-Be中子源屏蔽优化设计的蒙特卡罗模拟研究[J].辐射防护,2017,37(2):94-99.Wu H,Zhang F,Li Y F,et al.Monte carlo simulation study on shielding optimization design of Am-Be neutron source[J].Radiation Protection,2017,37(2):94-99.
[26]于华伟,杨锦州,张锋.随钻D-T中子孔隙度测井低灵敏度和岩性影响校正方法研究[J].中国石油大学学报,2014,38(3):45-49.Yu H W,Yang J Z,Zhang F.Correction method of low sensitivity and lithology effect of D-T neutron porosity logging-while-drilling[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum,2014,38(3):45-49.
[2]洪有密.测井原理与综合解释[D].东营:中国石油大学,2007.Hong Y M.Logging principle and comprehensive interpretation[D].Dongying:China University of Petroleum,2007.
[3]于华伟,周悦,陈翔鸿,等.中子孔隙度测井灵敏度影响因素分析[J].核技术,2018,41(2):49-54.Yu H W,Zhou Y,Chen Y H,et al.Analysis of factors affecting the sensitivity of neutron porosity logging[J].Nuclear Techniques,2018,41(2):49-54.
[4]黄隆基.核测井原理[M].北京:石油大学出版社,2000.Huang L J.Principle of nuclear logging[M].北京:Petroleum University Press,2000.
[5]刘蕊,刘富华,王滨涛.应用脉冲中子实现热中子孔隙度测量[J].石油仪器,2014,28(1):48-50.Liu R,Liu F H,Wang B T.Thermal neutron porosity is measured by pulsed neutron[J].Petroleum Instruments,2014,28(1):48-50.
[6]张峰.我国脉冲中子测井技术发展综述[J].原子能科学技术.2009,43(s):116-123.Zhang F.Summary of development for pulsed neutron well logging technology in our country[J].Atomic Energy Science and Technology,2009,43(s):116-123.
[7]张峰,袁超,黄隆基.中国同位素中子源测井技术与应用进展[J].同位素,2011,24(1):13-19.Zhang F,Yuan C,Huang L J.Technology and application development of isotopic neutron source well logging in China[J].Journal of Isotopes,2011,24(1):13-19.
[8]Jun tao Liu,Feng Zhang,Robin Gardner,et al.A method to improve the sensitivity of neutron porosity measurement based on D-Tsource[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering,2016,33:879-884.
[9]张峰,靳秀云,侯爽.D-T脉冲中子发生器随钻中子孔隙度测井的蒙特卡罗模拟[J].同位素,2018,23(1):15-21.Zhang F,Jin X Y,Hou S.Monte Carlo simulation on compensated neutron porosity logging in LWD With D-T pulsed neutron generator[J].Journal of Isotopes,2010,23(1):15-21.
[10]王虎,吴文圣,王宏伟,等.地层密度对脉冲中子孔隙度测量的影响及校正方法[J].核技术,2018,41(8):65-71.Wang H,Wu W S,Wang H W,et al.Formation density affects and corrections in pulsed neutron porosity logging[J].Nuclear Techniques,2018,41(8):65-71.
[11]阳晓红,王宏科.中子测井矿化度、井径、岩性校正经验公式的建立及应用[J].测井技术,2001,25(4):298-302.Yang X H,Wang H K.Experiential formulas for neutron porosity and lithology corrections and their application[J].Well Logging Technology,2001,25(4):298-302.
[12]张海花,于华伟,朱頔,等.欠平衡条件补偿中子测井校正的蒙特卡罗模拟[J].测井技术,2010,34(5):416-423.Zhang H H,Yu H W,Zhu D,et al.Monte Carlo Simulation of Neutron Logging Correction with Underbalanced Conditions Compensation[J].Well Logging Technology,2010,34(5):416-423.
[13]朱弘.欠平衡钻井技术的进展与发展趋势[J].石油地质与工程,2009,23(2):80-82.Zhu H.Progress and development trend of underbalanced drilling technology[J].Petroleum Geology and Engineering,2009,23(2):80-82.
[14]吴文圣,肖立志,张龙海.欠平衡和超平衡测井条件下气层的中子和密度测井响应特征[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学,2008,38(s1):180-185.Wu W S,Xiao L Z,Zhang L H.Neutron and density logging response characteristics of gas reservoir under underbalanced and super-balanced logging conditions[J].Scientia Sinica(Terrae),2008,38(s1):180-185.
[15]屈平,申瑞臣,李景翠,等.充气钻井液的影响因素分析[J].天然气工业,2008,28(1):82-84.Qu P,Sheng R C,Li J C,et al.Analysis of influencing factors of aerated drilling fluid[J].Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(1):82-84.
[16]朱丽华,黄晓川,刘英.国外充气钻井液钻井技术[J].钻采工艺,2006,29(5):9-12.Zhu L H,Huang X C,Liu Y.Foreign inflatable drilling fluid drilling technology[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2006,29(5):9-12.
[17]Flaum C.Dual Detector Neutron Logging in Air-filled Boreholes[C]∥The SPWLA 30th Annual Logging Symposium,Calgary,Alberta,1989:27-30,.
[18]彭智,祁彬彬,李国玉.补偿中子测井环境校正方法研究[J].石油仪器,2012,26(4):9-10.Peng Z,Qi B B,Li G Y.Research on environmental correction method of compensated neutron logging[J].Petroleum Instruments,2012,26(4):9-10.
[19]Briesmeister J F.MCNP-A general monte carlo N-Particle transport code[C]//Los Alamos National Laboratory:Report LA-13709-M,2000.
[20]付勇路,李鹏举,李勇勇,等.地层温度对补偿中子测井影响的自动校正方法研究[J/OL].地球物理学进展,2018.Fu Y L,Li P J,Li Y Y,et al.Study on Automatic Correction Method of Formation-Temperature Influence on Compensated Neutron Logging[J/OL].Progress in Geophysics,2018.
[21]付勇路,李鹏举,李勇勇,等.高温地层对中子孔隙度测井的影响[J].测井技术,2018,42(5):525-529.Fu Y L,Li P J,Li Y Y,et al.Influence of high-temperature formation on neutron porosity logging[J].Well Logging Technology,2018,42(5):525-529.
[22]吴文圣,黄隆基.三探测器密度测井的Monte Carlo模拟[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(1):164-170.Wu W S,Huang L J.Monte Carlo simulation of three-detector density logging[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2004,47(1):164-170.
[23]Aitken J D,Holenka J M,Torbett D E,et al.Operational and environmental safety with nuclear LWD tools,SPE27226[R].Jakarta,Indonesia:Society of Petroleum Engineers,2005.
[24]Labat C P,Doghmi M,Tomlinson J C.Image-dip calculation using new-generation LWD density-porosity tools,SPE74270[R].Villahermosa,Mexico:Society of Petroleum Engineers,2002.
[25]吴赫,张锋,李亚芬,等.Am-Be中子源屏蔽优化设计的蒙特卡罗模拟研究[J].辐射防护,2017,37(2):94-99.Wu H,Zhang F,Li Y F,et al.Monte carlo simulation study on shielding optimization design of Am-Be neutron source[J].Radiation Protection,2017,37(2):94-99.
[26]于华伟,杨锦州,张锋.随钻D-T中子孔隙度测井低灵敏度和岩性影响校正方法研究[J].中国石油大学学报,2014,38(3):45-49.Yu H W,Yang J Z,Zhang F.Correction method of low sensitivity and lithology effect of D-T neutron porosity logging-while-drilling[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum,2014,38(3):45-49.
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