土–地下连续墙–复杂异跨地铁车站结构动力相互作用分析
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摘要
针对目前地铁地下车站结构抗震性能研究中不考虑地下连续墙存在的现实问题,通过建立土–地下连续墙–复杂异跨地铁车站结构静动耦合非线性相互作用的有限元数值模型,对比分析了无地下连续墙、含单层地下连续墙及含双层地下连续墙等不同情况下异跨地铁地下车站结构的地震动力反应特征。结果表明:地下连续墙的存在仅在地震强度较小时能够显著提高车站主体结构的抗水平侧移能力,当地震强度较大时结构的水平位移增大明显;从结构层间位移的角度看,结构下层的层间位移涨幅最大,不考虑地下连续墙存在的计算结果将偏于危险;地下连续墙加强了地铁车站结构的抗侧移刚度,致使车站结构整体变形性态和内力分布发生重大变化,其中结构侧墙端部应力水平明显减小,各楼板端部的应力水平明显增大;本文计算工况中,异跨车站结构的下层中柱是抗震设计时的薄弱位置,其中以双层地下连续墙工况时的结构下层最为危险。
In view of the current practical problems of neglecting the existence of underground diaphragm walls in the study of seismic performance for underground subway structures, a static and dynamic coupling finite-element model for the interaction system of soil-diaphragm wall-complicated unequal-span subway station is established, and the earthquake responses among the unequal-span subway station without diaphragm wall as wells as structures with single-and double-layer diaphragm walls are compared and analyzed. The results show that the existence of diaphragm walls can significantly improve the resistance of the station to horizontal lateral displacement in small earthquakes, while the horizontal displacement of the subway structures increases obviously when the seismic intensity increases. Moreover, the interlayer displacement of the lower structures increases the most, which implies that the calculated results of ignoring the existence of underground diaphragm walls will be skewed to danger. The diaphragm walls strengthen the anti-lateral stiffness of the subway station, which leads to a significant change in the overall deformation state and internal force distribution of the underground structures, among which the stress level at the end of the side wall of the structures is dramatically reduced and the stress level at the end of each floor is increased significantly. The lower columns of unequal-span subway station act as the weak position in the structural seismic design under strong earthquakes, especially for the case of double-layer diaphragm walls.
In view of the current practical problems of neglecting the existence of underground diaphragm walls in the study of seismic performance for underground subway structures, a static and dynamic coupling finite-element model for the interaction system of soil-diaphragm wall-complicated unequal-span subway station is established, and the earthquake responses among the unequal-span subway station without diaphragm wall as wells as structures with single-and double-layer diaphragm walls are compared and analyzed. The results show that the existence of diaphragm walls can significantly improve the resistance of the station to horizontal lateral displacement in small earthquakes, while the horizontal displacement of the subway structures increases obviously when the seismic intensity increases. Moreover, the interlayer displacement of the lower structures increases the most, which implies that the calculated results of ignoring the existence of underground diaphragm walls will be skewed to danger. The diaphragm walls strengthen the anti-lateral stiffness of the subway station, which leads to a significant change in the overall deformation state and internal force distribution of the underground structures, among which the stress level at the end of the side wall of the structures is dramatically reduced and the stress level at the end of each floor is increased significantly. The lower columns of unequal-span subway station act as the weak position in the structural seismic design under strong earthquakes, especially for the case of double-layer diaphragm walls.
引文
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[16]庄海洋,王雪剑,王瑞,等.土-地铁动力相互作用体系侧向变形特征研究[J].岩土工程学报,2017,39(10):1761-1769.(ZHUANG Hai-yang,WANG Xue-jian,WANG Rui,et al.Characteristics of lateral deformation of soil-subway dynamic interaction system[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2017,39(10):1761-1769.(in Chinese))
[17]王雪剑,庄海洋,陈国兴,等.地下连续墙对叠合墙式地铁车站结构地震反应的影响研究[J].岩土工程学报,2017,39(8):1435-1443.(WANG Xue-jian,ZHUANG Hai-yang,CHEN Guo-xing,et al.Effect of diaphragm wall on earthquake responses of an underground subway station[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2017,39(8):1435-1443.(in Chinese))
[2]刘晶波,李彬.地铁地下结构抗震分析及设计中的几个关键问题[J].土木工程学报,2006,39(6):106-110.(LIUJing-bo,LI Bin.Issues on the seismic analysis and design of subway structures[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2006,39(6):106-110.(in Chinese))
[3]陶连金,刘春晓,边金,等.大跨度Y形柱地铁车站结构地震反应研究[J].力学学报,2017,49(1):55-64.(TAOLian-jin,LIU Chun-xiao,BIAN Jin,et al.Seismic response of subway station with large span and Y shaped column[J].Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics,2017,49(1):55-64.(in Chinese))
[4]唐小微,付培帅,李宏,等.双层预应力大跨度地铁车站结构震害模拟与分析[J].东北大学学报:自然科学版,2015,36(6):892-896.(TANG Xiao-wei,FU Pei-shuai,LIHong,et al.Seismic simulation and analysis of the two-layer prestresed long-span subway station[J].Journal of Northeastern University:Natural Science,2015,36(6):892-896.(in Chinese))
[5]CHEN G X,CHEN S,ZUO X,et al.Shaking-table tests and numerical simulations on a subway structure in soft soil[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2015,76:13-28.
[6]CHEN Z Y,CHEN W,LI Y Y,et al.Shaking table test of a multi-story subway station under pulse-like ground motions[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2016,82:111-122.
[7]路德春,李云,马超,等.斜入射地震作用下地铁车站结构抗震性能分析[J].北京工业大学学报,2016,42(1):87-94.(LU De-chun,LI Yun,MA Chao,et al.Analysis of the three-dimensional seismic performance of underground[J].Journal of Beijing University of Technology,2016,42(1):87-94.(in Chinese))
[8]陈苏,唐柏赞,刘爱文,等.变截面地铁地下车站三维地震反应特性数值模拟[J].地震地磁观测与研究,2016,37(5):41-48.(CHEN Su,TANG Bai-zan,LIU Ai-wen,et al.3-D numerical simulation on seismic behavior of variable cross-section subway station structure in complex geological ground[J].Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation and Research,2016,37(5):41-48.(in Chinese))
[9]庄海洋,龙慧,陈国兴.复杂大型地铁地下车站结构非线性地震反应分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2013,33(2):192-199.(ZHUANG Hai-yang,LONG Hui,CHENGuo-xing.Analysis of the nonlinear earthquake responses of a large complicated subway underground station[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2013,33(2):192-199.(in Chinese))
[10]孙长军,张顶立,刘井学,等.北京地铁车站地连墙支护结构受力变形特性研究[J].岩土工程学报,2015,37(增刊1):78-83.(SUN Chang-jun,ZHANG Ding-li,LIU Jing-xue,et al.Mechanical and deformation characteristics of diaphragm wall system of Beijing metro station[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2015,37(S1):78-83.(in Chinese))
[11]庄海洋,陈国兴,朱定华.土体动力黏塑性记忆型嵌套面本构模型及其验证[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(10):1267-1272.(ZHUANG Hai-yang,CHEN Guo-xing,ZHUDing-hua.Dynamic visco-plastic memorial nested yield surface model of soil and its verification[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2006,28(10):1267-1272.(in Chinese))
[12]庄海洋,陈国兴.对土体动力黏塑性记忆型嵌套面模型的改进[J].岩土力学,2009,30(1):118-122.(ZHUANGHai-yang,CHEN Guo-xing.Improvement of dynamic viscoplastic memorial nested yield surface model of soil[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(1):118-122.(in Chinese))
[13]LEE J,FENVES G L.Plastic-damage model for cyclic loading of concrete structures[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1998,124(8):892-900.
[14]LUBLINER J,OLIVER J,OLLER S,et al.A plastic-damage model for concrete[J].International Journal of Solids and Structures,1989,25(3):299-326.
[15]ZHUANG H Y,HU Z H,WANG X J,et al.Seismic responses of a large underground structure in liquefied soils by FEMnumerical modelling[J].Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering,2015,13(12):3645-3668.
[16]庄海洋,王雪剑,王瑞,等.土-地铁动力相互作用体系侧向变形特征研究[J].岩土工程学报,2017,39(10):1761-1769.(ZHUANG Hai-yang,WANG Xue-jian,WANG Rui,et al.Characteristics of lateral deformation of soil-subway dynamic interaction system[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2017,39(10):1761-1769.(in Chinese))
[17]王雪剑,庄海洋,陈国兴,等.地下连续墙对叠合墙式地铁车站结构地震反应的影响研究[J].岩土工程学报,2017,39(8):1435-1443.(WANG Xue-jian,ZHUANG Hai-yang,CHEN Guo-xing,et al.Effect of diaphragm wall on earthquake responses of an underground subway station[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2017,39(8):1435-1443.(in Chinese))